ECS
From the ECS State Policy Database
2004 State Policies / Activities

Education Commission of the States • 700 Broadway, Suite 810 • Denver, CO 80203-3442 • 303.299.3600 • fax 303.296.8332 • www.ecs.org

The following summary includes policies enacted in 2004. This database is made possible by your state's fiscal support of the Education Commission of the States (ECS). Most entries are legislative, although rules/regulations and executive orders that make substantive changes are included. Every effort is made to collect the latest available version of policies; in some instances, recent changes might not be reflected. For expediency purposes minimal attention has been paid to style (capitalization, punctuation) and format. To view the documents, click on the blue triangle next to the topic of interest. To view all, press the button located at the top labeled "Expand All."

Please cite use of the database as: Education Commission of the States (ECS) State Policy Database, retrieved [date].

State Status/Date Level Summary
+ Accountability
+ Accountability--Accreditation
+ Accountability--Measures/Indicators
+ Accountability--Reporting Results
+ Accountability--Rewards
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--No Pass No Drive
+ Accountability--School Improvement
+ Adult Basic Education
+ Assessment
+ Assessment--Accommodations
+ Assessment--Computer Based
+ Assessment--End-of-Course
+ Assessment--Formative/Interim
+ Assessment--High Stakes/Competency
+ Assessment--NAEP (NAEP Results and NAEP Organization)
+ Assessment--Performance Based/Portfolio
+ Assessment--Value Added
+ At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)
+ At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)--Alternative Education
+ At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)--Drugs/Alcohol
+ Attendance
+ Attendance--Compulsory
+ Attendance--Statutory Ages (Upper and Lower)
+ Attendance--Truancy
+ Background Checks
+ Bilingual/ESL
+ Business Involvement
+ Career/Technical Education
+ Career/Technical Education--Career Academies/Apprenticeship
- Choice of Schools--Charter Schools
COEmergency Rule Adoption 12/2004P-12Establishes emergency rules regarding administration of the State Charter School Institute.
Title: 1 CCR 302-1
Source: StateNet

MAEmergency Rule Adoption 12/2004P-12Establishes a new charter school formula. Implements the new provisions of state law so that the next quarterly tuition payments may be made on schedule. MASSACHUSETTS REG 8469 (SN)
Title: 603 CMR 1.00
Source: StateNet

DERule Adoption 11/2004P-12Amends regulations relating to compensating of district personnel under specific project proposals by adding a reference to charter schools and changing the title to refer only to federal projects.
Title: 14 DAC, 742
Source: StateNet

CAVetoed 09/2004P-12Exempts a charter high school chartered by the Riverside Unified School District and operated in cooperation with the Riverside Community College District from certain requirements of existing law relating to teacher certification and student residency and age for enrollment. Provides that a pupil attending a charter high school that is chartered by the Riverside Unified School District generates average daily attendance for the charter school. http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/bill/sen/sb_1351-1400/sb_1386_bill_20040823_enrolled.html
Veto message: http://www.governor.ca.gov/govsite/pdf/vetoes/SB_1423_veto.pdf
Title: S.B. 1423
Source: California Legislative Web site

CAVetoed 09/2004P-12Prohibits a school district governing board from denying a charter school petition, unless it makes findings that the petition lacks a description of the procedures by which a pupil may be subject to discipline and the procedure employed by the school to safeguard the due process rights of pupils and unless it makes findings showing a lack of compliance with the Ralph M. Brown Act. Provides that charter schools are subject to the open meeting requirement of the Ralph M. Brown Act. Prohibits a charter school from expelling a pupil based solely on his or her academic performance. Requires a charter school to notify the governing board of the school district of residence and the county superintendent of schools within 14 days if a pupil is expelled and to notify the governing board of the school district of residence within 14 days of the last day the pupil attended school if a pupil leaves the charter school without graduating or completing the school year for any reason. Requires a charter school to provide the district of residence of a pupil who is expelled or leaves the charter school without graduating or completing the school year for any reason with a copy of the cumulative file of that pupil. http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/bill/asm/ab_1851-1900/ab_1860_bill_20040826_enrolled.html
Veto message: http://www.governor.ca.gov/govsite/pdf/vetoes/AB_1860_veto.pdf
Title: A.B. 1860
Source: California Legislative Web site

CASigned into law 09/2004P-12Provides that for pupils who reside in a basic aid school district and are attending a countywide charter school operating at multiple sites throughout the county, the sponsoring local educational agency is the pupil's school district of residence. http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/bill/asm/ab_2501-2550/ab_2525_bill_20040929_chaptered.pdf
Title: A.B. 2525 (multiple provisions)
Source: www.leginfo.ca.gov/

CASigned into law 08/2004P-12Provides if a charter school chooses to participate in the Public Employees' Retirement System, its qualified classified employees shall be covered under the system in the same manner as the employees of the school district that granted the charter. Provides that disability retirement benefits under the system are applicable to a member who retires for nonindustrial disability. http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/bill/sen/sb_1601-1650/sb_1603_bill_20040816_chaptered.html
Title: S.B. 1603
Source: California Legislative Web site

IDTemporary Rule Adoption - Concurrently Proposed 08/2004P-12Repeals rules governing public charter schools. http://www2.state.id.us/adm/adminrules/rules/idapa08/0204.pdf
Title: IDAPA 08.02.04
Source: StateNet

IDTemporary Rule Adoption - Concurrently Proposed 08/2004P-12Proposes rules governing public charter schools. Establishes a consistent application and review process for the approval and maintenance of public charter schools. http://www2.state.id.us/adm/adminrules/rules/idapa08/0204.pdf
Title: IDAPA 08.02.04
Source: StateNet

IDTemporary Rule Adoption - Concurrently Proposed 08/2004P-12Proposes rules establishing Public Charter School Commission. Outlines the Commission definitions, proceedings, and board meetings. http://www2.state.id.us/adm/adminrules/rules/idapa08/0301.pdf
Title: IDAPA 08.03.01
Source: StateNet

ILSigned into law 08/2004P-12Amends the Charter Schools Law of the School Code. Allows the Chicago Board of Education to designate attendance boundaries for a specified amount of charter schools. http://www.legis.state.il.us/legislation/publicacts/fulltext.asp?Name=093-0861
Title: H.B. 5562
Source: Illinois Legislative Web site

NCSigned into law 08/2004P-12Authorizes existing charter schools to elect to participate in the Teachers' and State Employees' Retirement System and the North Carolina Teachers' and State Employees' Major Medical Plan. http://www.ncga.state.nc.us/html2003/bills/CurrentVersion/house/hbil1723.full.html
Title: H.B. 1723
Source: http://www.ncga.state.nc.us

NJSigned into law 08/2004P-12Provides that charter school administrators and trustees are subject to provisions of School Ethics Act.
Title: S.B. 337
Source: StateNet

CAEmergency Rule Adoption 07/2004P-12Amends regulations relating to the Charter School Facilities Program. Adopts new regulations that establish uniform terms and conditions that shall apply equally to all projects for funding. http://ccr.oal.ca.gov/cgi-bin/om_isapi.dll?clientID=106162&E22=Title%204&E23=10152&E24=&infobase=ccr&querytemplate=%261.%20Go%20to%20a%20Specific%20Section&record={EBE4}&softpage=Browse_Frame_Pg42
Title: Title 4 CCR 10152 - 10162, 10163 and 10164
Source: California State Web site

DESigned into law 07/2004P-12Extends the initial term of a charter school to 4 school years; provides a uniform date upon which an approved charter expires; establishes a deadline for applications to renew a charter; extends to four years the initial charters of previously approved charter schools. http://www.legis.state.de.us/LIS/LIS142.NSF/vwLegislation/SB+330/$file/2381420186.doc/?openelement
Title: S.B. 330
Source: Delaware Legislative Web site

DESigned into law 07/2004P-12Current law requires that the State Auditor perform two audits of each charter school's enrollment each spring. This legislation discontinues that wasteful practice and, instead, provides each school district with certificates from each charter school regarding student enrollment.
The legislation also gives the Department of Education and local districts access to underlying documents maintained by each charter school. With this access to information, school districts will be aware of the number of students planning to attend a charter school early enough to permit appropriate planning. http://www.legis.state.de.us/LIS/LIS142.NSF/vwLegislation/SB+275/$file/2381420066.doc/?openelement
Title: S.B. 275
Source: Delaware Legislative Web site

HIVetoed 07/2004P-12Requires accountings conducted by new century charter schools to be subject to audit and inspection by the charter school administrative office. Requires disclosure of certain financial records and policies and procedures. Requires compliance with health and safety requirements, county laws and requirements, and state and county land use laws. http://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/sessioncurrent/bills/hb2911_cd1_.htm
Title: H.B. 2911
Source: Hawaii Legislative Web site

LASigned into law 07/2004P-12Provides for priority funding of type 2 charter schools which have been renewed for ten years. http://www.legis.state.la.us/leg_docs/04RS/CVT8/OUT/0000LVUP.PDF
Title: S.B. 874
Source: StateNet

MASigned into law 07/2004P-12
Postsec.
Relates to the School Building Assistance Program; provides for grants, investments, trusts and bonds; creates the School Building Authority; provides for children with disabilities; prohibits racial desegregation; provides for public-private partnerships, charter schools, construction that will facilitate early education and care programs; financial incentives to cities that adopt zoning policies for increased affordable housing production; provides for hearings.
Title: H.B. 4978
Source: StateNet

CAEmergency Rule Adoption 06/2004P-12Establishes emergency rules concerning the Leroy F. Green School Facilities Act of 1998 - Charter School Program. Provides funding to qualifying entities for the purpose of establishing school facilities for charter school pupils. CALIFORNIA REG 15988 (SN) http://ccr.oal.ca.gov/cgi-bin/om_isapi.dll?clientID=85952&E22=title%202&E23=1859.2&E24=&infobase=ccr&querytemplate=%261.%20Go%20to%20a%20Specific%20Section&record={37B5}&softpage=Browse_Frame_Pg42
Title: Title 2 CCR 1859.2 - 1859.171
Source: StateNet

COSigned by Governor 06/2004P-12Concerns charter schools and legislative intent to provide multiple avenues for obtaining charter school authorization, including the creation of state charter schools. Amends the charter school law to require charter school contracts to include goals, objectives and students performance standards for meeting state accreditation standards and goals and applicable federal standards and goals; measurable annual achievement goals based on state accreditation goals; a description of how the charter school will gather and use longitudinal assessment data to assess and improve student academic progress. Specifies how school districts may unilaterally impose conditions on charter schools or charter applicants. Requires the local board of education to annually report to the state department of education requested data to determine the effectiveness of charter schools. Prohibits the chartering authority from limiting the number of students a charter school may enroll except as negotiated between a charter school and the chartering authority based on specified criteria. A charter school's renewal application must include information on their students progress on Colorado student assessments. Charter schools should receive 100% of the district's per-pupil revenues except the district may retain the actual cost of central administrative costs for services in an amount of up to 5% of per-pupil revenues. Charter schools can appeal to the state board of education if the school believes the chartering district improperly withheld funds. Requires specified reports to the governor and the legislature.
http://www.leg.state.co.us/clics2004a/csl.nsf/fsbillcont3/070DD2229CD69D4587256D78006373FB?Open&file=1141_enr.pdf
Title: H.B. 1141
Source: Colorado Legislative Web site

COSigned into law 06/2004P-12Concerns the authorization of institute charter schools, particularly schools for at-risk students, by the state Charter School Institute; deems institute charter schools to be part of the free public schools in the state, thereby adjusts the funding for free lunches provided to the students within the school district; creates a graduated reimbursement to school districts, and allows a school district to retain exclusive authority to authorize charter schools within the school districts boundaries. Intent of the Legislature is for the Institute to model best practices in authorizing charter schools and to make these practices available to school districts. Includes establishment of accountability requirements for student performance and school improvement at institute charter schools. http://www.leg.state.co.us/clics2004a/csl.nsf/fsbillcont3/012657ADB873A05C87256DB0004CFCFF?Open&file=1362_enr.pdf
Title: H.B. 1362
Source: Colorado Legislative web site

FLSigned into law 06/2004P-12Relates to charter schools; revises qualifications for sponsoring charter school; revises requirements regarding which provisions of building code and fire safety code said school facilities must comply with; allows certain educational impact fees to be allocated to construction of said facilities; requires written agreement between party responsible for paying for impact fees and local zoning authority that levies fee. http://www.flsenate.gov/cgi-bin/view_page.pl?Tab=session&Submenu=1&FT=D&File=sb3000er.html&Directory=session/2004/Senate/bills/billtext/html/
Title: S.B. 3000
Source: Florida Legislative Web site

FLSigned by Governor 06/2004P-12Relates to career, workforce and technical education; requires said education programs within the comprehensive high school program of study to be industry certified; provides academic requirements for students enrolled in said education programs; allows charter technical career center sponsors to submit full-time enrollment membership data as defined in the charter agreement; provides for career education certification on high school diploma; allows incentive funding to school districts for students receiving certifications; redesignates adult technical education programs as workforce education programs; provides certain responsibilities for district school boards and superintendents.
http://www.flsenate.gov/cgi-bin/view_page.pl?Tab=session&Submenu=1&FT=D&File=hb0769er.html&Directory=session/2004/House/bills/billtext/html/
Title: H.B. 769
Source: Florida Legislative Web site

HISigned into law 06/2004P-12Allows the legislature to adjust the most recent consolidated annual financial report of the department of education and make additional appropriations for fringe or other employee benefits, and facility costs; requires the charter school administrative office to provide the initial 50% of a new century charter school's per pupil allocation no later than July 20 of each year, 40% no later than November 15 of each year, and provides the remaining 10% no later than January 1 of each year; appropriates funding. http://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/sessioncurrent/bills/sb2425_cd1_.htm
Title: S.B. 2425
Source: Hawaii Legislative Web site

NHSigned into law 06/2004P-12Establishes a committee to study the issue of school choice in New Hampshire any issue relating to school choice which it deems relevant. Requires the committee to report its findings and recommendations by November 30, 2004. http://gencourt.state.nh.us/legislation/2004/HB0727.html
Title: H.B. 727
Source: gencourt.state.nh.us

AZSigned into law 05/2004P-12Amends the membership of the State Board for Charter Schools to include at least one resident of an Indian reservation, a charter school teacher, and an operator of a charter school. http://www.azleg.state.az.us/FormatDocument.asp?inDoc=/legtext/46leg/2r/laws/0257.htm.
Title: H.B. 2580
Source: Arizona Legislative Web site

COSigned into law 05/2004P-12Concerns the financing of public schools; relates to calculations of pupil enrollment; relates to charter school contracts. http://www.leg.state.co.us/clics2004a/csl.nsf/fsbillcont3/28517E5E9054E56887256E0400738CE5?Open&file=1397_enr.pdf
Title: H.B. 1397
Source: Colorado Legislative Web site

HISigned into law 05/2004P-12Continues existing civil service rights, privileges, and benefits to applicable personnel in new century conversion charter schools. Requires employees hired subsequent to conversion to have civil service status. Authorizes employees of new century conversion charter schools to retain civil service status upon transfer to another civil service position. http://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/sessioncurrent/bills/sb2424_cd1_.htm
Title: S.B. 2424
Source: Hawaii Legislative Web site

MSSigned into law 05/2004P-12Deletes repealer on authorization of charter schools.

http://billstatus.ls.state.ms.us/documents/2004/pdf/HB/0600-0699/HB0664SG.pdf
Title: H.B. 664
Source: StateNet

OKSigned into law 05/2004P-12Authorizes the state department to allocate funds on a per-pupil basis for purposes of providing matching funds for the federal State Charter School Facilities Incentive Grants Program created by the No Child Left Behind Act. Changes the notice necessary to deny a charter school renewal from 60 days to 8 months. http://www2.lsb.state.ok.us/2003-04SB/sb713_enr.rtf
Title: S.B. 713
Source: http://www2.lsb.state.ok.us

TNSigned into law 05/2004P-12From the fiscal note: Requires charter schools to administer state value-added testing for their students. Current law, T.C.A. 49-13-111(a)(2), provides that a public charter school shall meet the same performance standards and requirements adopted by the state board for public schools. T.C.A. 49-13-122 provides that a public charter school agreement may be revoked or denied renewal by the final chartering authority if such chartering authority determines that the school failed to meet or make adequate yearly progress toward achievement of the state's accountability system. This bill requires charter schools to participate in the state assessment program. http://www.legislature.state.tn.us/bills/currentga/BILL/SB2416.pdf
Title: S.B. 2416
Source: http://www.legislature.state.tn.us

AZSigned into law 04/2004P-12Concerns school district and charter school procurement; concerns contracts for materials and services the governing board may authorize for purchase which do not comply with requirements of procurement rules adopted by the State Board of Education; specifies criteria; applies to General Services Administration contracts. http://www.azleg.state.az.us/FormatDocument.asp?inDoc=/legtext/46leg/2r/laws/0050.htm
Title: H.B. 2105
Source: Arizona Legislative Web site

AZSigned into law 04/2004P-12Allows the sponsor of a charter school to direct the Arizona Department of Education (ADE) to withhold a portion of state aid if the charter school is out of compliance with federal law, state law or with the charter; amends provisions regarding daily membership and daily enrollment for pupils for apportionment of funds; provides for students who attend both schools. http://www.azleg.state.az.us/FormatDocument.asp?inDoc=/legtext/46leg/2r/laws/0120.htm
Title: H.B. 2255
Source: Arizona Legislative Web site

IDSigned into law 04/2004P-12Adds to and amends existing law relating to the public charter schools to provide transportation reimbursement for public virtual schools; clarifies computation of support units for charter schools formed by conversion of an existing traditional public school; provides funding for public virtual schools; provides proper terminology. http://www3.state.id.us/oasis/S1443.html#billtext
Title: S.B. 1443
Source: Idaho Legislative Web site

IDSigned into law 04/2004P-12Amends existing law to require that employment of charter school teachers and administrators shall be on written contract in a form as approved by the State Superintendent of Public Instruction conditioned upon a valid certificate being held by such professional personnel at the time of entering upon the duties thereunder. http://www3.state.id.us/oasis/S1363.html#billtext
Title: S.B. 1363
Source: Idaho Legislative Web site

IDSigned into law 04/2004P-12Relates to public charter schools; revises limits on the number of public charter schools; governs methods of forming a public charter school; provides additional limitations on authorizing a charter; provides rules to be adopted by the State Board of Education; designates certain local educational agencies; clarifies liability for public charter schools; requires certain financial reporting; creates an independent public charter school commission. http://www3.state.id.us/oasis/S1444.html#engr
Title: S.B. 1444
Source: Idaho Legislative Web site

IDSigned into law 04/2004P-12Amends existing law relating to charter schools to authorize advance payment of a portion of estimated transportation costs. http://www3.state.id.us/oasis/S1347.html#billtext
Title: S.B. 1347
Source: Idaho Legislative Web site

IDSigned into law 04/2004P-12Amends existing law to require that each petition submitted to convert an existing school or to establish a new charter school shall contain a copy of the articles of incorporation and bylaws of the nonprofit corporation. http://www3.state.id.us/oasis/S1361.html#billtext
Title: S.B. 1361
Source: Idaho Legislative Web site

KSSigned into law 04/2004P-12Changes from April 1 to April 15 the date by which the state board must notify local boards and charter school petitioners of the approval or disapproval of an application. http://www.kslegislature.org/bills/2004/2558.pdf
Title: H.B. 2558
Source: StateNet

VASigned into law 04/2004P-12Requires charter school applications to disclose any ownership or financial interest in the public charter school, by the charter applicant and the governing body, administrators, and other personnel of the proposed public charter school, and requires that the successful applicant and the governing body, administrators, and other personnel of the public charter school have a continuing duty to disclose such interests during the term of any charter. The charter applicant must include in the proposed agreement the results of any Board of Education review of the public charter school application that may have been conducted. http://leg1.state.va.us/cgi-bin/legp504.exe?041+ful+HB380ER
Title: H.B. 380
Source: http://leg1.state.va.us

WIVetoed 04/2004P-12From Legislative Reference Bureau analysis: Under current law, school boards may enter into contracts with individuals,
groups, businesses, or governmental bodies to establish charter schools, which operate with fewer constraints than traditional public schools. Current law also permits the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, the University of Wisconsin–Parkside, the Milwaukee Area Technical College, and the city of Milwaukee to operate charter schools (independent charter schools) directly or to contract for the operation of charter schools. Only pupils who reside in the school district in which an independent charter school is located may attend the charter school.
This bill allows any 4–year institution or 2–year college campus within the University of Wisconsin System to operate or to contract for the operation of a charter school with the approval of the Board of Regents.http://www.legis.state.wi.us/2003/data/SB-253.pdf
Title: S.B. 253
Source: http://www.legis.state.wi.us

IDSigned into law 03/2004P-12Amends existing law to provide criteria governing the attendance area of a charter school. The attendance area of a charter
school shall be composed of compact and contiguous area. For the purposes of this section, if services are available to students
throughout the state, the state of Idaho is considered a compact and contiguous area. http://www3.state.id.us/oasis/S1346.html#engr
Title: S.B. 1346
Source: Idaho Legislative web site

UTRule Adoption 03/2004P-12Provides Comprehensive Guidance funding for charter schools and adjusts the funding base slightly for all schools. UTAH REG 26850 (SN)
Title: R244-462
Source: StateNet

UTSigned into law 03/2004P-12Modifies the State System of Public Education Code and the Utah State Retirement and Insurance Benefit Act to amend employee benefit provisions for charter schools; allows a charter school applying for sponsorship to make an election of nonparticipation in the state retirement systems for its employees at the time of the application as a charter school; allows a charter school discretion to select and offer employee benefit plans.
Title: H.B. 108
Source: StateNet

UTSigned into law 03/2004P-12This bill creates the State Charter School Board consisting of seven members appointed by the governor; specifies the powers and duties of the State Charter School Board, including the power to: authorize and promote the establishment of charter schools, subject to approval of the state board; and • hold charter schools accountable for their performance; < provides for a staff director for the State Charter School Board appointed by the superintendent of public instruction, with the consent of the State Charter School Board; provides for the dissolution of charters with the state board and directs the State Charter School Board to grant charters to schools previously chartered by the state board; expands the purposes of charter schools; expands the provisions to be addressed in a school's charter; exempts charter schools from various state laws and rules of the state board; requires the State Charter School Board to study existing state law and administrative rules for the purpose of determining from which laws and rules charter schools should be exempt, and submit recommendations to the state board and the Education Interim Committee; and clarifies the duties of local school boards in authorizing charter schools. http://www.le.state.ut.us/~2004/bills/hbillenr/hb0152.pdf
Title: H.B. 152
Source: http://www.le.state.ut.us

WASigned into law 03/2004P-12Provides for the procedures, rules and responsibilities for the development of a charter school within the State. http://www.leg.wa.gov/pub/billinfo/2003-04/House/2275-2299/2295-s2_sl.pdf
Title: H.B. 2295
Source: Washington Legislative Web site

WIVetoed 03/2004P-12Relates to eligibility to attend an independent charter school and payments made to independent charter schools.
Title: A.B. 746
Source: StateNet

CARule Adoption 02/2004P-12Amends rule to provide that a pupil over the age of 19 years may generate attendance for apportionment purposes in a charter school only if the pupil was enrolled in public school in pursuit of a high school diploma or in keeping with an individualized education plan while 19 years of ages, is enrolled in a charter school without a break in public school enrollment since that time, and is not over the age of 22. http://ccr.oal.ca.gov/cgi-bin/om_isapi.dll?clientID=81458&E22=Title%205&E23=11960&E24=&infobase=ccr&querytemplate=%261.%20Go%20to%20a%20Specific%20Section&record={102D2}&softpage=Document42
Title: Title 5 CCR 11960
Source: California State Web site

GAAdopted 02/2004P-12Submits rules regarding charter school planning grants, implementation grants and dissemination grants. http://rules.sos.state.ga.us/cgi-bin/page.cgi?g=GEORGIA_DEPARTMENT_OF_EDUCATION%2Findex.html&d=1
Title: GAC 160-1-4-.155, .255, .267
Source: Georgia State Web site

+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Charter Districts
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Cyber Charters
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Finance
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Research
+ Choice of Schools--Choice/Open Enrollment
+ Choice of Schools--Magnet or Specialized Schools
+ Choice of Schools--Vouchers
+ Civic Education
+ Civic Education--Character Education
+ Civic Education--Pledge of Allegiance
+ Class Size
+ Curriculum
+ Curriculum--Alignment
+ Curriculum--Arts Education
+ Curriculum--Drivers Education
+ Curriculum--Environmental Education
+ Curriculum--Excusal
+ Curriculum--Family Living Education
+ Curriculum--Financial Literacy/Economics Ed.
+ Curriculum--Foreign Language/Sign Language
+ Curriculum--Health/Nutrition Education
+ Curriculum--International Education
+ Curriculum--Language Arts
+ Curriculum--Language Arts--Writing/Spelling
+ Curriculum--Mathematics
+ Curriculum--Multicultural
+ Curriculum--Physical Education
+ Curriculum--Science
+ Curriculum--Sex Education
+ Curriculum--Social Studies/History
+ Data-Driven Improvement
+ Demographics--Enrollments
+ Desegregation
+ Economic/Workforce Development
+ Education Research
+ Equity
+ Finance
+ Finance--Adequacy/Core Cost
+ Finance--Aid to Private Schools
+ Finance--Bonds
+ Finance--District
+ Finance--Equity
+ Finance--Facilities
+ Finance--Funding Formulas
+ Finance--Local Foundations/Funds
+ Finance--Lotteries
+ Finance--Private Giving
+ Finance--Resource Efficiency
+ Finance--State Budgets/Expenditures
+ Finance--Student Fees
+ Finance--Taxes/Revenues
+ Finance--Taxes/Revenues--Alternative Revenues
+ Governance
+ Governance--Deregulation/Waivers/Home Rule
+ Governance--Ethics/Conflict of Interest
+ Governance--School Boards
+ Governance--School Boards--Training
+ Governance--Site-Based Management
+ Governance--State Boards/Chiefs/Agencies
+ Health
+ Health--Child Abuse
+ Health--Nutrition
+ Health--School Based Clinics or School Nurses
+ Health--Suicide Prevention
+ Health--Teen Pregnancy
+ High School
+ High School--Advanced Placement
+ High School--Dual/Concurrent Enrollment
+ High School--Exit Exams
+ High School--GED (General Education Development)
+ High School--Graduation Requirements
+ High School--International Baccalaureate
+ Instructional Approaches--Grading Practices
+ Instructional Approaches--Homeschooling
+ Instructional Approaches--Problem Based Learning
+ Instructional Approaches--Tracking/Ability Grouping
+ Integrated Services/Full-Service Schools
+ Leadership
+ Leadership--District Superintendent
+ Leadership--District Superintendent--Compensation and Diversified Pay
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Certification and Licensure
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Compensation and Diversified Pay
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Evaluation and Effectiveness
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Preparation
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Recruitment and Retention
+ Middle School
+ Minority/Diversity Issues
+ Minority/Diversity Issues--African American
+ Minority/Diversity Issues--American Indian / Alaska Native / Native Hawaiian
+ Minority/Diversity Issues--Hispanic
+ No Child Left Behind
+ No Child Left Behind--Adequate Yearly Progress
+ No Child Left Behind--Assessment
+ No Child Left Behind--Choice/Transfer
+ No Child Left Behind--Consequences for Schools
+ No Child Left Behind--Finance
+ No Child Left Behind--Parent Involvement
+ No Child Left Behind--Reauthorization Issues/Waivers
+ No Child Left Behind--Report Cards
+ No Child Left Behind--School Support
+ No Child Left Behind--Supplemental Services
+ Online Learning--Digital/Blended Learning
+ Online Learning--Virtual Schools/Courses
+ P-16 or P-20
+ P-3
+ P-3 Brain Development
+ P-3 Child Care
+ P-3 Content Standards and Assessment
+ P-3 Early Intervention (0-3)
+ P-3 Ensuring Quality
+ P-3 Family Involvement
+ P-3 Finance
+ P-3 Governance
+ P-3 Grades 1-3
+ P-3 Kindergarten
+ P-3 Kindergarten--Full-Day Kindergarten
+ P-3 Preschool
+ P-3 Teaching Quality/Professional Development
+ Parent/Family
+ Parent/Family--Parent Rights
+ Postsecondary
+ Postsecondary Accountability
+ Postsecondary Accountability--Accreditation
+ Postsecondary Accountability--Diploma Mills
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Financial Aid
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees--Prepd/College Savings Plans
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees--Undocumented Immigrants
+ Postsecondary Faculty
+ Postsecondary Faculty--Compensation
+ Postsecondary Faculty--Intellectual Property
+ Postsecondary Faculty--Teaching Assistants
+ Postsecondary Faculty--Tenure
+ Postsecondary Finance
+ Postsecondary Governance and Structures
+ Postsecondary Institutions--Community/Technical Colleges
+ Postsecondary Institutions--For-Profit/Proprietary
+ Postsecondary Institutions--Private/Independent
+ Postsecondary Online Instruction
+ Postsecondary Participation--Access
+ Postsecondary Participation--Admissions Requirements
+ Postsecondary Participation--Affirmative Action
+ Postsecondary Students--Disabled
+ Postsecondary Students--Graduate/Professional
+ Postsecondary Success--Developmental/Remediation
+ Postsecondary Success--Transfer/Articulation
+ Private Schools
+ Promotion/Retention
+ Public Involvement
+ Reading/Literacy
+ Religion
+ Rural
+ Scheduling/School Calendar
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Extended Day Programs
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Summer School
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Year
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Year Round
+ School Safety
+ School Safety--Bullying Prevention/Conflict Resolution
+ School Safety--Code of Conduct
+ School Safety--Expulsion/Suspension
+ School Safety--No Child Left Behind--Safe Schools
+ School Safety--Sexual Harassment and Assault
+ School/District Structure/Operations
+ School/District Structure/Operations--District Consolidation/Deconsolidation
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Facilities
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Food Service
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Libraries
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Personnel (Non-Teaching)
+ School/District Structure/Operations--School Size
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Shared Services
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Transportation
+ Service-Learning
+ Special Education
+ Special Education--Federal Law/Regulations
+ Special Education--Finance
+ Special Education--Inclusion (Mainstreaming)
+ Special Education--Placement
+ Special Education--Transition
+ Special Populations--Corrections Education
+ Special Populations--Homeless Education
+ Special Populations--Military
+ Standards
+ Standards--Implementation
+ State Comparisons/Statistics
+ State Longitudinal Data Systems
+ State Policymaking
+ State Policymaking--Ballot Questions
+ State Policymaking--Constitutional Clauses
+ State Policymaking--Task Forces/Commissions
+ Student Achievement
+ Student Achievement--Closing the Achievement Gap
+ Student Supports--Counseling/Guidance
+ Student Supports--Mentoring/Tutoring
+ Student Supports--Remediation
+ Students
+ Students--Athletics/Extracurricular Activities
+ Students--Employment
+ Students--Mobility
+ Students--Records/Rights
+ Teaching Quality
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Alternative
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Assignment
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Highly Qualified Teachers
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Natl. Bd. for Prof. Teach. Stds.
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Special Education
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--State Prof. Standards Bds.
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Substitute Teachers
+ Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay
+ Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay--Pay-for-Performance
+ Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay--Retirement/Benefits
+ Teaching Quality--Evaluation and Effectiveness
+ Teaching Quality--Induction Programs and Mentoring
+ Teaching Quality--Paraprofessionals
+ Teaching Quality--Preparation
+ Teaching Quality--Professional Development
+ Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention
+ Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention--At-Risk Schools
+ Teaching Quality--Teacher Rights
+ Teaching Quality--Tenure or Continuing Contract
+ Technology
+ Technology--Devices/Software/Hardware
+ Technology--Equitable Access
+ Technology--Funding Issues
+ Technology--Teacher/Faculty Training
+ Textbooks and Open Source
+ Urban