ECS
From the ECS State Policy Database
2006 State Policies / Activities

Education Commission of the States • 700 Broadway, Suite 810 • Denver, CO 80203-3442 • 303.299.3600 • fax 303.296.8332 • www.ecs.org

The following summary includes policies enacted in 2006. This database is made possible by your state's fiscal support of the Education Commission of the States (ECS). Most entries are legislative, although rules/regulations and executive orders that make substantive changes are included. Every effort is made to collect the latest available version of policies; in some instances, recent changes might not be reflected. For expediency purposes minimal attention has been paid to style (capitalization, punctuation) and format. To view the documents, click on the blue triangle next to the topic of interest. To view all, press the button located at the top labeled "Expand All."

Please cite use of the database as: Education Commission of the States (ECS) State Policy Database, retrieved [date].

State Status/Date Level Summary
+ Accountability
+ Accountability--Accreditation
+ Accountability--Measures/Indicators
+ Accountability--Reporting Results
+ Accountability--Rewards
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--No Pass No Drive
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--Takeovers
+ Accountability--School Improvement
+ Adult Basic Education
+ Assessment
+ Assessment--Accommodations
+ Assessment--Computer Based
+ Assessment--End-of-Course
+ Assessment--Formative/Interim
+ Assessment--High Stakes/Competency
+ Assessment--Legal Issues
+ Assessment--Value Added
+ At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)
+ At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)--Alternative Education
+ At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)--Drugs/Alcohol
+ Attendance
+ Attendance--Compulsory
+ Attendance--Statutory Ages (Upper and Lower)
+ Attendance--Truancy
+ Background Checks
+ Bilingual/ESL
+ Business Involvement
+ Career/Technical Education
+ Career/Technical Education--Career Academies/Apprenticeship
+ Cheating
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Closings
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Cyber Charters
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Finance
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Research
+ Choice of Schools--Choice/Open Enrollment
+ Choice of Schools--Magnet or Specialized Schools
+ Choice of Schools--Tax Credits
+ Choice of Schools--Vouchers
+ Civic Education
+ Civic Education--Character Education
+ Civic Education--Pledge of Allegiance
+ Class Size
+ Curriculum
+ Curriculum--Alignment
+ Curriculum--Arts Education
+ Curriculum--Core Curriculum
+ Curriculum--Drivers Education
+ Curriculum--Environmental Education
+ Curriculum--Family Living Education
+ Curriculum--Financial Literacy/Economics Ed.
+ Curriculum--Foreign Language/Sign Language
+ Curriculum--Geography Education
+ Curriculum--Health/Nutrition Education
+ Curriculum--International Education
+ Curriculum--Language Arts
+ Curriculum--Language Arts--Writing/Spelling
+ Curriculum--Mathematics
+ Curriculum--Physical Education
+ Curriculum--Science
+ Curriculum--Sex Education
+ Curriculum--Social Studies/History
+ Data-Driven Improvement
+ Demographics--Condition of Children/Adults
+ Demographics--Enrollments
+ Economic/Workforce Development
+ Education Research
+ Equity
+ Federal
+ Finance
+ Finance--Adequacy/Core Cost
+ Finance--Bonds
+ Finance--District
+ Finance--Equity
+ Finance--Facilities
+ Finance--Federal
+ Finance--Funding Formulas
+ Finance--Lotteries
+ Finance--Performance Funding
+ Finance--Private Giving
+ Finance--Resource Efficiency
+ Finance--State Budgets/Expenditures
+ Finance--Student Fees
+ Finance--Taxes/Revenues
+ Finance--Taxes/Revenues--Alternative Revenues
+ Governance
+ Governance--Deregulation/Waivers/Home Rule
+ Governance--Ethics/Conflict of Interest
+ Governance--School Boards
+ Governance--Site-Based Management
+ Governance--State Boards/Chiefs/Agencies
+ Health
+ Health--Child Abuse
+ Health--Mental Health
+ Health--Nutrition
+ Health--School Based Clinics or School Nurses
+ Health--Suicide Prevention
+ Health--Teen Pregnancy
+ High School
+ High School--Advanced Placement
+ High School--College Readiness
+ High School--Dropout Rates/Graduation Rates
+ High School--Dual/Concurrent Enrollment
+ High School--Early Colleges/Middle Colleges
+ High School--Exit Exams
+ High School--GED (General Education Development)
+ High School--Graduation Requirements
+ High School--International Baccalaureate
+ Instructional Approaches
+ Instructional Approaches--Constructivism
+ Instructional Approaches--Homeschooling
+ Instructional Approaches--Problem Based Learning
+ Instructional Approaches--Single-Sex Education
+ Integrated Services/Full-Service Schools
+ Leadership
+ Leadership--District Superintendent
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Certification and Licensure
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Compensation and Diversified Pay
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Evaluation and Effectiveness
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Preparation
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Recruitment and Retention
+ Middle School
+ Minority/Diversity Issues
+ Minority/Diversity Issues--American Indian / Alaska Native / Native Hawaiian
+ Minority/Diversity Issues--Hispanic
+ No Child Left Behind
+ No Child Left Behind--Adequate Yearly Progress
+ No Child Left Behind--Assessment
+ No Child Left Behind--Choice/Transfer
+ No Child Left Behind--Consequences for Schools
+ No Child Left Behind--Reauthorization Issues/Waivers
+ No Child Left Behind--Report Cards
+ No Child Left Behind--School Support
+ No Child Left Behind--Special Populations
+ No Child Left Behind--Supplemental Services
+ Online Learning--Digital/Blended Learning
+ Online Learning--Virtual Schools/Courses
+ P-16 or P-20
+ P-3
+ P-3 Child Care
+ P-3 Early Intervention (0-3)
+ P-3 Ensuring Quality
+ P-3 Evaluation/Economic Benefits
+ P-3 Finance
+ P-3 Governance
+ P-3 Grades 1-3
+ P-3 Kindergarten--Full-Day Kindergarten
+ P-3 Preschool
+ P-3 Teaching Quality/Professional Development
+ Parent/Family
+ Parent/Family--Parent Rights
+ Parent/Family--Research
+ Postsecondary
+ Postsecondary Accountability
+ Postsecondary Accountability--Accreditation
+ Postsecondary Accountability--Diploma Mills
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Financial Aid
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees--Prepd/College Savings Plans
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees--Undocumented Immigrants
+ Postsecondary Faculty
+ Postsecondary Faculty--Compensation
+ Postsecondary Faculty--Intellectual Property
+ Postsecondary Faculty--Teaching Assistants
+ Postsecondary Finance
+ Postsecondary Governance and Structures
+ Postsecondary Institutions--Community/Technical Colleges
+ Postsecondary Institutions--For-Profit/Proprietary
+ Postsecondary Institutions--Private/Independent
+ Postsecondary Online Instruction
+ Postsecondary Participation--Access
+ Postsecondary Participation--Admissions Requirements
+ Postsecondary Participation--Affirmative Action
+ Postsecondary Participation--Outreach
+ Postsecondary Students--Disabled
+ Postsecondary Students--Foster Youth
+ Postsecondary Students--Military
+ Postsecondary Students--Minority
+ Postsecondary Success--Completion
+ Postsecondary Success--Developmental/Remediation
+ Postsecondary Success--Transfer/Articulation
+ Private Schools
+ Promising Practices
+ Promotion/Retention
+ Reading/Literacy
+ Religion
+ Religion--Scientific Creationism (Evolution)
+ Rural
+ Scheduling/School Calendar
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Day/Class Length
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Extended Day Programs
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Summer School
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Year
+ School Safety
+ School Safety--Bullying Prevention/Conflict Resolution
+ School Safety--Code of Conduct
+ School Safety--Disaster/Emergency Preparedness
+ School Safety--Expulsion/Suspension
+ School Safety--No Child Left Behind--Safe Schools
+ School Safety--Sexual Harassment and Assault
+ School Safety--Special Education
+ School Safety--Uniforms/Dress Codes
+ School/District Structure/Operations
+ School/District Structure/Operations--District Consolidation/Deconsolidation
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Facilities
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Food Service
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Libraries
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Personnel (Non-Teaching)
+ School/District Structure/Operations--School Size
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Shared Services
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Transportation
+ Service-Learning
+ Special Education
+ Special Education--Federal Law/Regulations
+ Special Education--Finance
+ Special Education--Inclusion (Mainstreaming)
+ Special Education--Placement
+ Special Education--Transition
+ Special Populations--Corrections Education
+ Special Populations--Foster Care
+ Special Populations--Gifted and Talented
+ Special Populations--Homeless Education
+ Standards
+ State Longitudinal Data Systems
+ State Policymaking
- State Policymaking--Ballot Questions
ALApproved by voters 11/2006P-12Proposes an amendment to the state constitution to require at least 10 mills of property tax are levied for every school district in the state.
http://www.sos.state.al.us/downloads/dl3.cfm?trgturl=election/2006/general/statecert-constitutionalamendments-2006-08-31.pdf&trgtfile=statecert-constitutionalamendments-2006-08-31.pdf
Title: Statewide Amendment Number Two
Source: http://www.sos.state.al.us

ALApproved by voters 11/2006P-12Proposes an amendment to the state constitution to provide for the election of the Macon County Board of Education from four single-member districts and the county at large, and to provide for staggered six-year terms of office.
http://www.sos.state.al.us/downloads/dl3.cfm?trgturl=election/2006/general/statecert-constitutionalamendments-2006-08-31.pdf&trgtfile=statecert-constitutionalamendments-2006-08-31.pdf
Title: Statewide Amendment Number Three
Source: http://www.sos.state.al.us

CORejected by voters 11/2006P-12(REFERENDUM J; HB 06-1283) Creates the State Public School Expenditures Accountability Act. If approved, would amend state statutes to require districts to spend at least 65% of their operational expenditures on classroom instruction beginning in the 2007-08 school year. Districts spending less than 65% would be required to increase spending on the specified items by two percentage points each year until the threshold is met. Districts would be authorized to request a one-year waiver from the spending requirement. The legislature would be authorized to sanction any school district that failing to comply with the spending requirement. Districts would be required to adopt an annual budget report, in a standard format, for public inspection, and would be allowed to hold elections to exempt them from these requirements.

Requires school districts to adopt an annual budget report, in a standard format, for public inspection, and to spend a percentage of operational budgets on direct classroom expenditures; concerns capital construction, charter school transfers, mill levies, local bonds and bond redemption funds; allows a district to hold an election to determine voter preference to exempt the district from requirements.
Title: Referendum J
Source:

IDRejected by voters 11/2006P-12Relates to K-12 public school funding. Adds 1% sales tax rate, revenue stream for this component of K-12 local public school funding; creates the Local Public Schools Investment Fund which must be used for supporting students in the classroom and improving local schools; requires annual accountability reports from local school boards on use of increased revenues. http://www.idsos.state.id.us/elect/inits/06init00.htm
Title: Proposition 1
Source: Lexis-Nexis/StateNet

IDApproved by voters 11/2006P-12Submits an advisory vote to the electors regarding whether the state keep the property tax relief adopted in August 2006, reducing property taxes by approximately $260 million, and protecting funding for public schools by keeping the sales tax at 6%. http://www.vote-smart.org/election_ballot_measures_detail.php?ballot_id=M000001537
Title: Advisory Vote
Source: Lexis-Nexis/StateNet

NVApproved by voters 11/2006P-12Proposes an amendment to the state constitution to require the legislature to fund the operation of the public schools for K-12th grades before any other part of the state budget for the next biennium.
http://www.sos.state.nv.us/nvelection/2004_bq/bq1.htm
Title: Ballot Question # 1
Source: http://www.sos.state.nv.us/

LAApproved by voters 09/2006P-12Proposes a Constitutional amendment to grant to the Central Community School System in East Baton Rouge Parish the same authority granted parishes, including funds for the minimum foundation fund, school books, instructional materials and the raising of local revenues for the support of elementary and secondary schools; provides for equal educational opportunities; prohibits use of state dollars to discriminate in providing educational opportunity for all students.
Title: Amendment 8
Source: Lexis-Nexis/StateNet

LAApproved by voters 09/2006P-12Proposes a constitutional amendment to provide that no law, unless enacted by two-thirds of the elected members of each house of the legislature, requiring increased expenditures for any purpose shall be applicable to a city, parish, or other local public school board except under certain circumstances; provides for exceptions to such prohibition; specifies an election for submission of the proposition to electors and provide a ballot proposition. http://www.sos.louisiana.gov:8090/cgibin/?rqstyp=elcms4&rqsdta=093006
Title: Amendment 9
Source: Lexis-Nexis/StateNet

LAApproved by voters 09/2006Postsec.Proposes an amendment to the constitution to authorize the investment in stocks of up to 35% of the state-funded permanently endowed funds of a public or private college or university. http://www.sos.louisiana.gov:8090/cgibin/?rqstyp=elcms4&rqsdta=093006
Title: Amendment 10
Source: Lexis-Nexis/StateNet

MIRejected by voters 08/2006P-12
Postsec.
Community College
Would require the state to provide annual funding increases equal to the rate of inflation for public schools, intermediate school districts, community colleges and higher education. Would require state to fund any deficiencies in the school aid fund from the general fund. Relates to base funding for school districts with declining enrollment. Reduces and caps retirement fund contributions (Ballot Number 06-5) .
http://www.michigan.gov/documents/Statewide_Bal_Prop_Status_145801_7.pdf
Title: V. 6 (Prop. 5)
Source: http://www.michigan.gov/

AZOn 11/07/2006 Ballot. 07/2006P-12(PROPOSITION I-16-2006) Increases funding for early childhood development and health programs; provides that local councils would distribute the majority of the funding, with oversight by a statewide board; dedicates funding from an increase on the sales price of tobacco products.
Title: V. 18; (NEW BILL)
Source: Lexis-Nexis/StateNet

AZApproved by voters 07/2006P-12(PROPOSITION 203 I-16-2006) Increases funding for early childhood development and health programs. Purpose is to improve quality and increase access to early childhood development activities. Also will increase access to preventative health care programs and screenings. Provides that local councils would distribute the majority of the funding, with oversight by a statewide board; dedicates funding from an increase on the sales price of tobacco products.
http://www.azsos.gov/election/2006/General/BallotMeasureText/PROP203(I-16-2006).pdf
Title: V. 18 (Prop. 203)
Source: Arizona Secretary of State

MIApproved by voters 07/2006P-12
Postsec.
Community College
Amends the state Constitution through a ballot proposal to prohibit the University of Michigan and other state universities, the state, and all other state entities from discriminating against or granting preferential treatment based on race, sex, color, ethnicity, or national origin (Ballot Number 06-2). http://www.michigan.gov/documents/Statewide_Bal_Prop_Status_145801_7.pdf
Title: V. 3 (Prop. 2)
Source: http://www.michigan.gov/sos/

AZOn 11/07/2006 Ballot. 06/2006Community College
Postsec.
(PROPOSITION HCR 2056-2006) Amends the State Constitution; relates to local property tax levies and community college districts; provides a limitation on annual increases in local ad valorem tax levies; relates to the 2006 Taxpayer Protection Act; provides that the limitation shall be computed from the actual tax levy of the county, city, town or community college district in 2005.
http://www.azleg.gov/legtext/47leg/2r/bills/hcr2056h.pdf
Title: V. 2 (Prop. 2056)
Source: AZ Secretary of State

AZApproved by voters 06/2006Postsec.(PROPOSITION SCR 1031-2006) Submits to the people of the State a measure relating to family literacy public program eligibility; prohibits eligibility to persons not legally in the United States or not citizens; requires reporting of the number of students classified as an in-state student and those not entitled; prohibits tuition waivers, fee waivers, financial aid or any financial assistance to persons not citizens and without lawful immigration status; relates to eligibility for child care assistance.
http://www.azleg.gov/legtext/47leg/2r/bills/scr1031h.pdf
See also http://www.azleg.state.az.us/2006_Ballot_Proposition_Analyses/final%20SCR%201031%20public%20programs;%20citizens.pdf
Title: V. 7 (Prop. 300)
Source: AZ Secretary of State

CARejected by Voters. 06/2006P-12Proposes an amendment to the California Constitution to establish a right to voluntary public preschool for all four-year old children, administered by the State Superintendent of Public Instruction and county school superintendents, funded by a tax on individuals
and couples with specified incomes. Establishes voluntary preschool education for all four-year olds. Funded by 1.7% tax on individual income over $400,000; couples' income over $800,000.

Directs Counties to prepare five- year assessments and annual reports regarding preschool curriculum, facilities and childcare coordination, teacher recruitment/ pay and budgeting. Requires state Superintendent to develop preschool teaching credential with financial aid for teachers. Summary of estimate by Legislative Analyst and Director of Finance of fiscal impact on state and local governments: Increased personal income taxes on high-income earners beginning in 2007, with revenues reaching approximately $2.4 billion annually in 2010-11. Revenues would support an entitlement to one year of preschool for four-year olds beginning in 2010-11. Revenues in the early years of the program could be used for facilities, teacher training, student financial aid, and early implementation of preschool services.
http://www.ss.ca.gov/elections/elections_j.htm#2006Primary
Title: V. 3 (Prop. 82)
Source: CA Secretary of State

CORejected by voters 06/2006P-12Proposes a constitutional amendment to require that in each state fiscal year a school district spend at least 65% of its operational expenditures on classroom instruction.

Creates the State Public School Expenditures Accountability Act; requires school districts to adopt an annual budget report, in a standard format, for public inspection, and to spend a percentage of operational budgets on direct classroom expenditures; concerns capital construction, charter school transfers, mill levies, local bonds and bond redemption funds; allows a district to hold an election to determine voter preference to exempt the district from requirements.

http://www.leg.state.co.us/lcs/0506initrefr.nsf/89fb842d0401c52087256cbc00650696/d35caec1adcb56ae8725713e0058cb10/$FILE/ATTSVQLD/Amendment%2039.pdf

H.B. 1283
http://www.leg.state.co.us/clics2006a/csl.nsf/fsbillcont3/627AF3E860CE5FE1872570DE007CBF64?Open&file=1283_rer.pdf
Title: Amendment 39 (H.B. 1283)
Source: CO Secretary of State

NVDied 03/2006P-12The Truth in Science Initiative (Initiative) proposes to add a new section to the Constitution regarding
how evolution is to be taught in the state's schools. Under the Initiative, students must be informed that
although most scientists agree that Darwin's theory of evolution is well supported, a small minority of
scientists do not agree. The Initiative specifies several areas of disagreement about the theory of evolution. The Initiative
requires that all students must be taught the strengths and weaknesses of the theory of evolution with
regard to these specified areas of disagreement before the end of the 10th grade.
http://secretaryofstate.biz/nvelection/int_ref/TruthInScience.pdf
Title: Initiative Petition
Source: http://secretaryofstate.biz

+ State Policymaking--Politics
+ State Policymaking--Task Forces/Commissions
+ STEM
+ Student Achievement
+ Student Achievement--Closing the Achievement Gap
+ Student Achievement--State Trends
+ Student Supports--Counseling/Guidance
+ Student Supports--Mentoring/Tutoring
+ Student Supports--Remediation
+ Students
+ Students--Athletics/Extracurricular Activities
+ Students--Records/Rights
+ Teaching Quality
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Alternative
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Assignment
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Highly Qualified Teachers
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Natl. Bd. for Prof. Teach. Stds.
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Special Education
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--State Prof. Standards Bds.
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Substitute Teachers
+ Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay
+ Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay--Pay-for-Performance
+ Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay--Retirement/Benefits
+ Teaching Quality--Evaluation and Effectiveness
+ Teaching Quality--Induction Programs and Mentoring
+ Teaching Quality--Paraprofessionals
+ Teaching Quality--Preparation
+ Teaching Quality--Professional Development
+ Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention
+ Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention--At-Risk Schools
+ Teaching Quality--Teacher Rights
+ Teaching Quality--Tenure or Continuing Contract
+ Teaching Quality--Unions/Collective Bargaining
+ Technology
+ Technology--Computer Skills
+ Technology--Devices/Software/Hardware
+ Technology--Equitable Access
+ Technology--Funding Issues
+ Technology--Internet Safety
+ Technology--Teacher/Faculty Training
+ Textbooks and Open Source