ECS
From the ECS State Policy Database
2007 State Policies / Activities

Education Commission of the States • 700 Broadway, Suite 810 • Denver, CO 80203-3442 • 303.299.3600 • fax 303.296.8332 • www.ecs.org

The following summary includes policies enacted in 2007. This database is made possible by your state's fiscal support of the Education Commission of the States (ECS). Most entries are legislative, although rules/regulations and executive orders that make substantive changes are included. Every effort is made to collect the latest available version of policies; in some instances, recent changes might not be reflected. For expediency purposes minimal attention has been paid to style (capitalization, punctuation) and format. To view the documents, click on the blue triangle next to the topic of interest. To view all, press the button located at the top labeled "Expand All."

Please cite use of the database as: Education Commission of the States (ECS) State Policy Database, retrieved [date].

State Status/Date Level Summary
+ 21st Century Skills
+ Accountability
+ Accountability--Accreditation
+ Accountability--Measures/Indicators
+ Accountability--Reporting Results
+ Accountability--Rewards
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--No Pass No Drive
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--No Pass No Play
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--Takeovers
+ Accountability--School Improvement
+ Adult Basic Education
+ Assessment
+ Assessment--Accommodations
+ Assessment--Computer Based
+ Assessment--End-of-Course
+ Assessment--Formative/Interim
+ Assessment--High Stakes/Competency
+ Assessment--NAEP (NAEP Results and NAEP Organization)
+ Assessment--Value Added
+ At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)
+ At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)--Alternative Education
+ At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)--Drugs/Alcohol
+ Attendance
+ Attendance--Compulsory
+ Attendance--Statutory Ages (Upper and Lower)
+ Attendance--Truancy
+ Background Checks
+ Bilingual/ESL
+ Business Involvement
+ Career/Technical Education
+ Career/Technical Education--Career Academies/Apprenticeship
+ Cheating
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Charter Districts
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Closings
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Finance
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Research
+ Choice of Schools--Choice/Open Enrollment
+ Choice of Schools--Magnet or Specialized Schools
+ Choice of Schools--Tax Credits
+ Choice of Schools--Vouchers
+ Civic Education
+ Civic Education--Character Education
+ Class Size
+ Curriculum
+ Curriculum--Arts Education
+ Curriculum--Censorship
+ Curriculum--Core Curriculum
+ Curriculum--Drivers Education
+ Curriculum--Environmental Education
+ Curriculum--Excusal
+ Curriculum--Family Living Education
+ Curriculum--Financial Literacy/Economics Ed.
+ Curriculum--Foreign Language/Sign Language
+ Curriculum--Geography Education
+ Curriculum--Health/Nutrition Education
+ Curriculum--Language Arts
+ Curriculum--Language Arts--Writing/Spelling
+ Curriculum--Mathematics
+ Curriculum--Physical Education
+ Curriculum--Science
+ Curriculum--Sex Education
+ Curriculum--Social Studies/History
+ Curriculum--Speech Education
+ Data-Driven Improvement
+ Demographics
+ Desegregation
+ Economic/Workforce Development
+ Education Research
+ Equity
+ Federal
+ Finance
+ Finance--Adequacy/Core Cost
+ Finance--Aid to Private Schools
+ Finance--Bonds
+ Finance--District
+ Finance--Equity
+ Finance--Facilities
+ Finance--Funding Formulas
+ Finance--Local Foundations/Funds
+ Finance--Lotteries
+ Finance--Private Giving
+ Finance--Resource Efficiency
+ Finance--State Budgets/Expenditures
+ Finance--Student Fees
+ Finance--Taxes/Revenues
+ Finance--Taxes/Revenues--Alternative Revenues
+ Governance
+ Governance--Deregulation/Waivers/Home Rule
+ Governance--Ethics/Conflict of Interest
+ Governance--Mandates
+ Governance--School Boards
+ Governance--Site-Based Management
+ Governance--State Boards/Chiefs/Agencies
+ Health
+ Health--Child Abuse
+ Health--Mental Health
+ Health--Nutrition
+ Health--School Based Clinics or School Nurses
+ Health--Suicide Prevention
+ Health--Teen Pregnancy
+ High School
+ High School--Advanced Placement
+ High School--College Readiness
+ High School--Dropout Rates/Graduation Rates
+ High School--Dual/Concurrent Enrollment
+ High School--Early Colleges/Middle Colleges
+ High School--Exit Exams
+ High School--GED (General Education Development)
+ High School--Graduation Requirements
+ High School--International Baccalaureate
+ Instructional Approaches--Constructivism
+ Instructional Approaches--Grading Practices
+ Instructional Approaches--Homeschooling
+ Instructional Approaches--Official English
+ Instructional Approaches--Problem Based Learning
+ Integrated Services/Full-Service Schools
+ International Benchmarking
+ Leadership
+ Leadership--District Superintendent
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Certification and Licensure
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Compensation and Diversified Pay
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Evaluation and Effectiveness
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Preparation
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Recruitment and Retention
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Tenure
+ Middle School
+ Minority/Diversity Issues
+ Minority/Diversity Issues--African American
+ Minority/Diversity Issues--American Indian / Alaska Native / Native Hawaiian
+ No Child Left Behind
+ No Child Left Behind--Adequate Yearly Progress
+ No Child Left Behind--Assessment
+ No Child Left Behind--Choice/Transfer
+ No Child Left Behind--Consequences for Schools
+ No Child Left Behind--Finance
+ No Child Left Behind--Parent Involvement
+ No Child Left Behind--Reauthorization Issues/Waivers
+ No Child Left Behind--Report Cards
+ No Child Left Behind--School Support
+ No Child Left Behind--Special Populations
+ No Child Left Behind--Supplemental Services
+ Online Learning--Digital/Blended Learning
- Online Learning--Virtual Schools/Courses
LAAdopted 10/2007P-12Amends Bulletin 741 - Louisiana Handbook for School Administrators in order to update distance learning standards.
Title: LAC 28:CXV.2395
Source: Lexis-Nexis/StateNet

ALAdopted 09/2007P-12Removes the existing restriction on the number of online courses that may be taken by students in grades 9-12, deletes the clock hour requirement, adds a section for homebound students, and clarifies the existing rule by adding additional details.
Title: AAC 290-3-1-.02(12)
Source: Lexis-Nexis/StateNet

IDIssued 09/2007P-12
Community College
Postsec.
(Executive Order 2007-12) Designates the Department of Labor as the entity responsible for developing and delivering comprehensive computer-based career information; repeals and replaces Executive Order 2006-04.
Title: Executive Order 19
Source: Lexis-Nexis/StateNet

IDAdopted 08/2007P-12
Postsec.
Provides certification to meet the special needs of virtual schools, distant education and public school/postsecondary partnerships. Promotes greater flexibility and increased content competency among teachers and valid certification for higher education faculty serving K-12 classrooms.
adm.idaho.gov/adminrules/rules/idapa08/0202.pdf
Title: IDAPA 08.02.02
Source: adm.idaho.gov

HIBecame law without governor's signature 07/2007P-12Creates an online learning task force to develop a systematic plan to expand opportunities for online learning, to enhance the learning experiences of students across the state.
http://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/sessioncurrent/Bills/HB598_CD1_.htm
Title: H.B. 598
Source: Lexis-Nexis/StateNet

TXSigned into law 06/2007P-12Establishes a state virtual school network (network) so students throughout the state can have access to course work which may not otherwise be provided or offered. The bill sets forth the operational, administrative, and funding requirements of the network.
http://www.capitol.state.tx.us/tlodocs/80R/billtext/pdf/SB01788F.pdf
Title: S.B. 1788
Source: http://www.capitol.state.tx.us

VTSigned into law 06/2007P-12Amends provisions regarding joint contract school districts, genders and dates of birth of pupils, base contract amounts, K-12 tuition agreement terms, transportation assistance for technical education, salaries, school budgets, property tax revenue and rates, district spending per pupil, special education costs, district membership counts, distance learning, professional development programs, pregnant and teen parenting programs, district consolidation and budget deficits. Requires the department of education to develop a system for determining the school district membership count based on samplings conducted on at least one day in the autumn and one day in the spring, which shall be ready for implementation in the autumn of 2008.  Long-term membership is to be determined by averaging the counts of the four most recent sample periods.  In developing the system, the department shall consult with the Vermont superintendents association, the Vermont school boards association, and the Vermont association for school business officials.   On or before January 15, 2008, the department shall report to the house and senate committees on education regarding the system it has developed and request any necessary legislative amendments, including transitional language.  Requires the department of education to examine, analyze, and make recommendations concerning a process by which the state could develop a statewide, managed network offering shared, high-quality distance-learning opportunities to all Vermont schools through accredited, online course offerings from nationally recognized distance learning schools and through Vermont‑based distance learning courses.  The department is also to consider ways in which such a network could be developed through collaboration within and among supervisory unions. Requires the department to present its analysis and recommendations in the form of a report to the general assembly on or before January 1, 2008.
http://www.leg.state.vt.us/docs/legdoc.cfm?URL=/docs/2008/acts/ACT066.HTM
Title: S.B. 93
Source: http://www.leg.state.vt.us/

COSigned into law 05/2007P-12Concerns reimbursement for supplemental on-line education courses. Designates one of the education service districts to contract with a provider to offer supplemental online education courses to districts, charter schools and other service districts. The legislature will annually appropriate funds for these contracts.
http://www.leg.state.co.us/clics/clics2007a/csl.nsf/fsbillcont3/F9696758891E5C2B87257251007B2A8F?open&file=1066_enr.pdf
Title: H.B. 1066
Source: Colorado Legislature

COSigned into law 05/2007P-12Creates a division in the department of education a division of on-line learning. The purposes of the division are: to support online programs, students, parents, authorizers and others by providing information and access to data, and to facilitate certification of multi-district programs.
http://www.leg.state.co.us/clics/clics2007a/csl.nsf/fsbillcont3/E4DFB9DF18308CC487257251007C783E?open&file=215_enr.pdf
Title: S.B. 215
Source: Colorado Legislature

MESigned into law 05/2007P-12(Resolve) Directs the Department of Education to review and assess distance learning opportunities for public high school students and report to the Joint Standing Committee on Education and Cultural Affairs by January 15, 2008.
http://www.mainelegislature.org/legis/bills/billpdfs/LD048101.pdf
Title: H.B. 365
Source: Maine Legislature

MNSigned into law 05/2007P-12Pertains to student eligibility for enrollment in online learning and online learning course standards. (Sections 20-24)
http://www.revisor.leg.state.mn.us/bin/bldbill.php?bill=H2245.2.html&session=ls85
Title: H.F. 2245 [Online Learning]
Source: http://www.revisor.leg.state.mn.us

NESigned into law 05/2007P-12Relates to educational service units and school funding, incuding distance education. Changes provisions relating to: election of board members for educational service units; distance education, unit boundaries and board membership; and the Early Childhood Education Grant Program. Provides: a formula and changes provisions relating to core services and technology infrastructure funding; for election districts; a duty for the Auditor of Public Accounts.
http://uniweb.legislature.ne.gov/FloorDocs/Current/PDF/Slip/LB603.pdf
Title: L.B. 603
Source: http://uniweb.legislature.ne.gov/

NESigned into law 05/2007P-12Distance education provisions of this larger appropriations bill pertain to the qualifications of school districts and educational service units (ESUs) for lottery funds allocated for distance education equipment reimbursement and incentives. The bill allows ESU's to count each office within the ESU that has a distance education classroom serving 4,000 square miles to qualify for equipment reimbursement for such classroom. School districts may also count high school buildings for purposes of reimbursement that are no longer being used as such due to a school district merger, if the buildings had distance education classrooms at the time of application. Elementary distance education courses offered by school districts and ESU's may qualify for incentives if funds remain after equipment reimbursements and incentives for other courses are paid.
http://uniweb.legislature.ne.gov/FloorDocs/Current/PDF/Slip/LB603.pdf
Title: L.A. 603
Source: http://uniweb.legislature.ne.gov

NVSigned into law 05/2007P-12Authorizes school districts to operate an alternative program for all grade levels of pupils who are at risk of dropping out of school, subject to the approval of the state superintendent. Eliminates the restriction on the eligibility of a provider of the distance education to receive payment for a pupil if an agreement is not filed with the superintendent. Expands the eligibility for independent study to include all pupils who are enrolled in public schools, pupils who are enrolled in an alternative program and pupils who are enrolled in a program designed to meet the requirements for an adult standard diploma. Provides that if a pupil enrolled in a program designed to meet the requirements for an adult standard diploma successfully completes a college course, the pupil must be granted credit towards that diploma. Eliminates the requirement that a provider of a program of distance education submit to the department of education and the legislative bureau of educational accountability and program evaluation an annual report of the program.
http://www.leg.state.nv.us/74th/Bills/SB/SB535_EN.pdf
Title: S.B. 535
Source: http://www.leg.state.nv.us

SCSigned into law 05/2007P-12Authorizes the state department to establish the South Carolina Virtual School Program to provide South Carolina students access to distance, online, or virtual learning courses offered for an initial unit of credit. Requires the South Carolina Virtual School Program to offer access to credit recovery programs for students who have been identified by a school district as not having received credit for a course previously taken or for students who have been identified by a school district as not likely to receive credit for a course in which the student is currently enrolled. Students may enroll in courses for credit recovery based on policies established by the state board. Prohibits the program from awarding a South Carolina High School diploma. Provides requirements such as: Students may be awarded a maximum of three online initial credits in a school year, and no more than twelve online initial credits throughout high school. However, the state board is required to establish an appeals process whereby the governing body of the student's school district may grant a waiver to exceed the established limit.
Requires local school districts to accurately transcribe a student's final numeric grade to the student's permanent record and transcript. Home school students and private school students are to receive a certified grade report indicating date, course, and final numeric grade from the South Carolina Virtual School Program or an entity approved by the state board. Students enrolled in an online course for a unit of credit must be administered final exams and appropriate state assessments in a proctored environment; provides for a study to determine the feasibility of providing the Virtual School Program to students enrolled in adult education programs; provides for an on-line program in a charter school.
http://www.scstatehouse.net/html-pages/house2.html
Title: H.B. 3097
Source: http://www.scstatehouse.net

ARSigned into law 04/2007P-12Ensures a rigorous and efficient curriculum for high school students; assist small, rural public schools in providing students access to the most rigorous courses available if it is the desire of students to take Advanced Placement courses in the place of regular courses and, in doing so, to meet the requirements of the Standards for Accreditation of Arkansas Public Schools and School Districts. (Act No. 1015)
http://www.arkleg.state.ar.us/ftproot/bills/2007/public/HB2734.pdf
Title: H.B. 2734
Source: http://www.arkleg.state.ar.us

IDSigned into law 04/2007P-12
Postsec.
Community College
Strikes existing provision that funding for the Idaho Digital Learning Academy be provided from an annual budget request to the legislature from the superintendent of public instruction. Creates new section providing that a portion of the annual legislative appropriation be distributed to support the Idaho Digital Learning Academy. Provides that "enrollment" for purposes of the academy be counted each time an Idaho student enrolls in an academy class, and that an individual student enrolled in multiple classes must count as multiple enrollments.

Directs the Idaho Digital Learning Academy (IDLA) to use state funds to achieve the following:
(1) No increase in tuition charged by IDLA to Idaho students.
(2) Provide remedial coursework for students failing to achieve proficiency in one or more areas of the Idaho Standards Achievement Test.
(3) Pursuant to state board rule, IDAPA 08.02.03.106 http://adm.idaho.gov/adminrules/rules/idapa08/0203.pdf, provide advanced opportunities for students (defined as Advanced Placement courses, dual credit courses, tech prep, or International Baccalaureate programs.
(4) Pursuant to state board rule, IDAPA 08.02.03.106, work with institutions of higher education to provide dual credit coursework.

Provides that the preceding list must not be construed as excluding other instruction and training that may be provided by the Idaho Digital Learning Academy.
Session Law Chapter 352
http://www3.state.id.us/oasis/S1237.html
Title: S.B. 1237 (Sections 12-14)
Source: www3.state.id.us

NDSigned into law 04/2007P-12Requires an approval process related to electronic course delivery.
1. Before a person may provide elementary or high school courses electronically to a student, school, or school district in this state, the person must obtain annual approval from the
superintendent of public instruction. The electronic delivery of a course includes online and technological delivery methods.
2. Before the superintendent of public instruction may grant approval to a person, the superintendent shall verify that:
a. All courses offered by the person in this state are aligned with the state content and performance standards and if standards do not exist for a particular course, the criteria must ensure that the course content is sufficiently challenging for students, given the grade level at which it is offered;
b. All teachers involved in the electronic delivery of a course meet or exceed the qualifications and licensure requirements placed on the teachers by the state in which the course originates; and
c. All students receiving a course electronically have ongoing contact time with the teachers of the course.
3. The approval process provided for in this section does not apply to a course provided electronically between approved schools in this state.
http://www.legis.nd.gov/assembly/60-2007/bill-text/HBIR0400.pdf
Title: H.B. 1491
Source: http://www.legis.nd.gov

NMSigned into law 04/2007P-12
Postsec.
Community College
Enacts the Cyber Academy Act, provides powers and duties and makes an appropriation. The cyber academy is a collaborative program among the department, the higher education department, telecommunications networks and representatives of other state agencies engaged in providing distance education. The cyber academy will provide distance learning courses for grades six through twelve and professional development for teachers, instructional support providers and school administrators.
http://legis.state.nm.us/Sessions/07%20Regular/final/HB0201.pdf
http://legis.state.nm.us/Sessions/07%20Regular/final/SB0209.pdf
Title: H.B. 201/S.B. 209
Source: http://legis.state.nm.us

SDSigned into law 03/2007P-12Adds a new section. Prohibits school districts from granting credit for distance learning courses offered through entities other than the South Dakota Virtual High School unless any of the following conditions apply:
(1) The course is provided through an agreement among accredited school districts;
(2) The course is a university course taken by a student who is dually enrolled pursuant to the
provisions of § 13-28-37;
(3) The course was previously taken through an accredited high school or other accredited
provider by a student who subsequently transferred into the school district; or
(4) The course is not available through the South Dakota Virtual High School and is preapproved
by the secretary of education.
http://www.legis.state.sd.us/sessions/2007/bills/HB1113enr.pdf
Title: H.B. 1113
Source: http://www.legis.state.sd.us/

VASigned into law 03/2007P-12Allows the Board of Correctional Education to develop programs to provide restricted Internet access to online secondary education or adult education and literacy programs leading to a diploma or the General Education Development (GED) program and testing. http://leg1.state.va.us/cgi-bin/legp504.exe?071+ful+HB3191ER
Title: H.B. 3191
Source: http://legis.state.va.us/

WVSigned into law 03/2007P-12Establishes the 21st Century Tools for 21st Century Schools Technology Initiative to replace, enhance and fund current technology programs in schools; requires the development of a 21st Century Strategic Technology Learning Plan under the initiative and sets forth specific areas it should address; requires that the provision of technologies and services to students and teachers by schools be based on the goals of the 21st Century Strategic Technology Learning Plan; requires funds for the initiative/plan to be allocated equitably to county school systems following peer review of their technology plans that includes providing necessary technical assistance prior to submission and allowing for timely review and approval by the West Virginia Department of Education; outlines the use of technology and technology infrastructure under the initiative/plan.
http://www.legis.state.wv.us/Bill_Text_HTML/2007_SESSIONS/RS/BILLS/SB603%20SUB1%20enr.htm
Title: S.B. 603
Source: http://www.legis.state.wv.us/

WYSigned into law 02/2007P-12Requires the state superintendent of public instruction to review at-risk program strategies funded under the block grant model, specifically including alternative schools and imposes a moratorium on new alternative schools recognized under the model during the review period; continues the summer school & extended day programs during school year 2007-2008; also requires the state superintendent to study and develop recommendations on distance education programs and to establish a task force for this purpose. http://legisweb.state.wy.us/2007/Enroll/HB0115.pdf
Title: H.B. 115
Source: http://legisweb.state.wy.us/2007/bills.htm

+ P-16 or P-20
+ P-3
+ P-3 Child Care
+ P-3 Content Standards and Assessment
+ P-3 Early Intervention (0-3)
+ P-3 Ensuring Quality
+ P-3 Evaluation/Economic Benefits
+ P-3 Family Involvement
+ P-3 Finance
+ P-3 Governance
+ P-3 Grades 1-3
+ P-3 Health and Mental Health
+ P-3 Kindergarten
+ P-3 Kindergarten--Full-Day Kindergarten
+ P-3 Preschool
+ P-3 Teaching Quality/Professional Development
+ Parent/Family
+ Parent/Family--Parent Rights
+ Partnerships--University/School
+ Postsecondary
+ Postsecondary Accountability
+ Postsecondary Accountability--Accreditation
+ Postsecondary Accountability--Diploma Mills
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Financial Aid
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees--Prepd/College Savings Plans
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees--Undocumented Immigrants
+ Postsecondary Faculty
+ Postsecondary Faculty--Compensation
+ Postsecondary Faculty--Intellectual Property
+ Postsecondary Finance
+ Postsecondary Governance and Structures
+ Postsecondary Institutions--Community/Technical Colleges
+ Postsecondary Institutions--For-Profit/Proprietary
+ Postsecondary Institutions--Private/Independent
+ Postsecondary Online Instruction
+ Postsecondary Participation--Access
+ Postsecondary Participation--Admissions Requirements
+ Postsecondary Students--Disabled
+ Postsecondary Students--Foster Youth
+ Postsecondary Students--Graduate/Professional
+ Postsecondary Students--Military
+ Postsecondary Students--Minority
+ Postsecondary Success--Completion--Completion Rates (Statistics)
+ Postsecondary Success--Developmental/Remediation
+ Postsecondary Success--Retention/Persistence
+ Postsecondary Success--Transfer/Articulation
+ Private Schools
+ Privatization
+ Public Involvement
+ Reading/Literacy
+ Religion
+ Religion--Prayer/Meditation
+ Rural
+ Scheduling/School Calendar
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Extended Day Programs
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Summer School
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Year
+ School Safety
+ School Safety--Bullying Prevention/Conflict Resolution
+ School Safety--Code of Conduct
+ School Safety--Disaster/Emergency Preparedness
+ School Safety--Expulsion/Suspension
+ School Safety--No Child Left Behind--Safe Schools
+ School Safety--Sexual Harassment and Assault
+ School Safety--Special Education
+ School Safety--Uniforms/Dress Codes
+ School/District Structure/Operations
+ School/District Structure/Operations--District Consolidation/Deconsolidation
+ School/District Structure/Operations--District Size
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Facilities
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Food Service
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Libraries
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Personnel (Non-Teaching)
+ School/District Structure/Operations--School Size
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Shared Services
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Transportation
+ Service-Learning
+ Special Education
+ Special Education--Federal Law/Regulations
+ Special Education--Finance
+ Special Education--Inclusion (Mainstreaming)
+ Special Education--Placement
+ Special Education--Transition
+ Special Populations--Corrections Education
+ Special Populations--Foster Care
+ Special Populations--Gifted and Talented
+ Special Populations--Homeless Education
+ Special Populations--Migrant Education
+ Special Populations--Military
+ Standards
+ State Longitudinal Data Systems
+ State Policymaking
+ State Policymaking--Ballot Questions
+ State Policymaking--Task Forces/Commissions
+ STEM
+ Student Achievement
+ Student Achievement--Closing the Achievement Gap
+ Student Supports--Counseling/Guidance
+ Student Supports--Mentoring/Tutoring
+ Student Supports--Remediation
+ Students
+ Students--Athletics/Extracurricular Activities
+ Students--Incentives
+ Students--Mobility
+ Students--Records/Rights
+ Teaching Quality
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Alternative
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Assignment
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Highly Qualified Teachers
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Natl. Bd. for Prof. Teach. Stds.
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Special Education
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--State Prof. Standards Bds.
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Substitute Teachers
+ Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay
+ Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay--Pay-for-Performance
+ Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay--Retirement/Benefits
+ Teaching Quality--Evaluation and Effectiveness
+ Teaching Quality--Induction Programs and Mentoring
+ Teaching Quality--Paraprofessionals
+ Teaching Quality--Preparation
+ Teaching Quality--Professional Development
+ Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention
+ Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention--At-Risk Schools
+ Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention--High-Needs Subjects
+ Teaching Quality--Reduction in Force
+ Teaching Quality--Teacher Rights
+ Teaching Quality--Tenure or Continuing Contract
+ Teaching Quality--Unions/Collective Bargaining
+ Teaching Quality--Working Conditions
+ Technology
+ Technology--Computer Skills
+ Technology--Devices/Software/Hardware
+ Technology--Equitable Access
+ Technology--Funding Issues
+ Technology--Internet Safety
+ Technology--Teacher/Faculty Training
+ Textbooks and Open Source
+ Urban
+ Whole Child