ECS
From the ECS State Policy Database
2007 State Policies / Activities

Education Commission of the States • 700 Broadway, Suite 810 • Denver, CO 80203-3442 • 303.299.3600 • fax 303.296.8332 • www.ecs.org

The following summary includes policies enacted in 2007. This database is made possible by your state's fiscal support of the Education Commission of the States (ECS). Most entries are legislative, although rules/regulations and executive orders that make substantive changes are included. Every effort is made to collect the latest available version of policies; in some instances, recent changes might not be reflected. For expediency purposes minimal attention has been paid to style (capitalization, punctuation) and format. To view the documents, click on the blue triangle next to the topic of interest. To view all, press the button located at the top labeled "Expand All."

Please cite use of the database as: Education Commission of the States (ECS) State Policy Database, retrieved [date].

State Status/Date Level Summary
+ 21st Century Skills
+ Accountability
+ Accountability--Accreditation
+ Accountability--Measures/Indicators
+ Accountability--Reporting Results
+ Accountability--Rewards
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--No Pass No Drive
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--No Pass No Play
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--Takeovers
+ Accountability--School Improvement
+ Adult Basic Education
+ Assessment
+ Assessment--Accommodations
+ Assessment--Computer Based
+ Assessment--End-of-Course
+ Assessment--Formative/Interim
+ Assessment--High Stakes/Competency
+ Assessment--NAEP (NAEP Results and NAEP Organization)
+ Assessment--Value Added
+ At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)
+ At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)--Alternative Education
+ At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)--Drugs/Alcohol
+ Attendance
+ Attendance--Compulsory
+ Attendance--Statutory Ages (Upper and Lower)
+ Attendance--Truancy
+ Background Checks
+ Bilingual/ESL
+ Business Involvement
+ Career/Technical Education
+ Career/Technical Education--Career Academies/Apprenticeship
+ Cheating
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Charter Districts
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Closings
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Finance
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Research
+ Choice of Schools--Choice/Open Enrollment
+ Choice of Schools--Magnet or Specialized Schools
+ Choice of Schools--Tax Credits
+ Choice of Schools--Vouchers
+ Civic Education
+ Civic Education--Character Education
+ Class Size
+ Curriculum
+ Curriculum--Arts Education
+ Curriculum--Censorship
+ Curriculum--Core Curriculum
+ Curriculum--Drivers Education
+ Curriculum--Environmental Education
+ Curriculum--Excusal
+ Curriculum--Family Living Education
+ Curriculum--Financial Literacy/Economics Ed.
+ Curriculum--Foreign Language/Sign Language
+ Curriculum--Geography Education
+ Curriculum--Health/Nutrition Education
+ Curriculum--Language Arts
+ Curriculum--Language Arts--Writing/Spelling
+ Curriculum--Mathematics
+ Curriculum--Physical Education
+ Curriculum--Science
+ Curriculum--Sex Education
+ Curriculum--Social Studies/History
+ Curriculum--Speech Education
+ Data-Driven Improvement
+ Demographics
+ Desegregation
+ Economic/Workforce Development
+ Education Research
+ Equity
+ Federal
+ Finance
+ Finance--Adequacy/Core Cost
+ Finance--Aid to Private Schools
+ Finance--Bonds
+ Finance--District
+ Finance--Equity
+ Finance--Facilities
+ Finance--Funding Formulas
+ Finance--Local Foundations/Funds
+ Finance--Lotteries
+ Finance--Private Giving
+ Finance--Resource Efficiency
+ Finance--State Budgets/Expenditures
+ Finance--Student Fees
+ Finance--Taxes/Revenues
+ Finance--Taxes/Revenues--Alternative Revenues
+ Governance
+ Governance--Deregulation/Waivers/Home Rule
+ Governance--Ethics/Conflict of Interest
+ Governance--Mandates
+ Governance--School Boards
+ Governance--Site-Based Management
+ Governance--State Boards/Chiefs/Agencies
+ Health
+ Health--Child Abuse
+ Health--Mental Health
+ Health--Nutrition
+ Health--School Based Clinics or School Nurses
+ Health--Suicide Prevention
+ Health--Teen Pregnancy
+ High School
+ High School--Advanced Placement
+ High School--College Readiness
+ High School--Dropout Rates/Graduation Rates
+ High School--Dual/Concurrent Enrollment
+ High School--Early Colleges/Middle Colleges
+ High School--Exit Exams
+ High School--GED (General Education Development)
+ High School--Graduation Requirements
+ High School--International Baccalaureate
+ Instructional Approaches--Constructivism
+ Instructional Approaches--Grading Practices
+ Instructional Approaches--Homeschooling
+ Instructional Approaches--Official English
+ Instructional Approaches--Problem Based Learning
+ Integrated Services/Full-Service Schools
+ International Benchmarking
+ Leadership
+ Leadership--District Superintendent
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Certification and Licensure
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Compensation and Diversified Pay
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Evaluation and Effectiveness
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Preparation
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Recruitment and Retention
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Tenure
+ Middle School
+ Minority/Diversity Issues
+ Minority/Diversity Issues--African American
+ Minority/Diversity Issues--American Indian / Alaska Native / Native Hawaiian
+ No Child Left Behind
+ No Child Left Behind--Adequate Yearly Progress
+ No Child Left Behind--Assessment
+ No Child Left Behind--Choice/Transfer
+ No Child Left Behind--Consequences for Schools
+ No Child Left Behind--Finance
+ No Child Left Behind--Parent Involvement
+ No Child Left Behind--Reauthorization Issues/Waivers
+ No Child Left Behind--Report Cards
+ No Child Left Behind--School Support
+ No Child Left Behind--Special Populations
+ No Child Left Behind--Supplemental Services
+ Online Learning--Digital/Blended Learning
+ Online Learning--Virtual Schools/Courses
+ P-16 or P-20
- P-3
NYAdopted 12/2007P-12Universal Prekindergarten Programs
Title 8 NYCRR Subpart 151-1
Complies with 2007 S.B. 2107, Part B, section 19, which authorizes the board of regents and the commissioner to prescribe uniform quality st...

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IAAdopted 11/2007P-12Accreditation Standards Related to Discrimination and Prekindergarten
IAC 281, 12.1(1), 281-12.2(256), 12.3(6), 12.3(13), 12.8(1)
Reflects that education programs are not to discriminate on the basis of the added characteristics of sexual orientation and gender identity...

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MDAdopted 11/2007P-12Family Day Care Quality
COMAR 13A.14.04.02, .14
Increases the required preservice and continued training requirements for registered family child care providers to help improve the quality...

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MDAdopted 11/2007P-12Child Care Center Licensing and Staff Requirements
COMAR 13A.14.02.02, .18, .21-.23, .25-.27
Increases the required preservice and continued training requirements for child care center staff and change the nomenclature of child care ...

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MIIssued 11/2007P-12Coordinating Council for Infants and Toddlers With Developmental Disabilities
Executive Order 43
(EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 2007-43) Creates the Interagency Coordinating Council For Infants and Toddlers With Developmental Disabilities; include...

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CASigned into law 10/2007P-12Preschool
A.B. 1080
Relates to the Child Care and Development Service Act that includes funds for reimbursement of part- day and preschool appropriate program l...

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CAVetoed 10/2007P-12Child care
A.B. 1164
Authorizes family child care providers to choose to be represented by a single provider organization. Provides that the designated provider ...

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WVIssued 10/2007P-12Governor's "Early Care and Education" Council
Executive Order No. 11-07
Orders that The Partners in Implementing an Early Care and Education System is authorized to study the issues of governance as it relates to...

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GAAdopted 09/2007P-12Student Assessment Programs
GAC 160-3-1-.07
Adds language regarding the Assessing Comprehension and Communication in English State to State for English Language Learners (ACCESS for EL...

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IASigned into law 09/2007P-12Community Empowerment Initiative
H.F. 396
Expands the scope of services under an existing appropriation for the Community Empowerment Initiative involving preschool tuition services....

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NYAdopted 09/2007P-12Prekindergarten and Kindergarten Program Requirements
Title 8 NYCRR Section 100.3
Amends regulations regarding program requirements for students in prekindergarten and kindergarten. Directs each school operating a prekinde...

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ILSigned into law 08/2007P-12Missing Children Records
H.B. 250
Amends the Missing Children Records Act. Requires a preschool educational program, child care facility, or day care home or group day care h...

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MAIssued 08/2007P-12
Postsec.
Community College
The Readiness Project
Executive Order No. 489
Establishes the Readiness Project to develop a plan to implement fundamental and systemic reforms to public education in the Commonwealth ov...

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MDAdopted 08/2007P-12Child Care Credential Program - Incentives
COMAR 13A.14.09.02-.07, .08, .09
Provides an incentive for licensed child care program administrators to increase their program management knowledge and skills by establishi...

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HIVetoed 07/2007P-12Prekindergarten and Kindergarten
S.B. 613
Directs the department to encourage inclusionary prekindergarten and kindergarten classes of both special education eligible and general edu...

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HIBecame law without governor's signature 07/2007P-12Hawaii 3-5 Transition Task Force
H.B. 531
Establishes a "Hawaii 3-5 transition" task force to study the feasibility of expanding Hawaii's early intervention section to continue servi...

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LASigned into law 07/2007P-12School Readiness Tax Credits
S.B. 361
Grants school readiness tax credits to individuals for child care expenses of children five and under, to child care providers, to child car...

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OHIssued 07/2007P-12Help Me Grow Advisory Council
E.O. 19; (NEW BILL)
Establishes the Help Me Grow Advisory Council which will advise and assist the Ohio Department of Health in the implementation of the Help M...

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OHIssued 07/2007P-12Early Learning Initiative Program
E.O. 18; (NEW BILL)
Orders the immediate adoption of rules implementing the Early Learning Initiative Program which provides children, who are often at risk of ...

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OKIssued 07/2007P-12Governance Adjustment for Federal Funding
E.O. 32
(Amended Executive Order 2006-04) Makes the state department of education the lead agency for administration of Part C of the federal Indivi...

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WVAdopted 07/2007P-12Quality Early Education System
Policy 2525
The most recent updates to Policy 2525: West Virginia's Universal Access to a Quality Early Education System support quality in the classroo...

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DESigned into law 06/2007P-12Early Care and Education Council
H.B. 126
Extends the repeal of the Early Care and Education Council; provides for annual reports to the Interagency Resource Management Committee reg...

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LASigned into law 06/2007P-12The Cecil J. Picard LA 4 Early Childhood Program
H.B. 595
Provides that the name of the program for LA 4 classes is "The Cecil J. Picard LA 4 Early Childhood Program". http://www.legis.state.la.us/b...

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MESigned into law 06/2007P-12Early Childhood Special Education Study
S.B. 666
Implements the recommendations of the Subcommittee To Study Early Childhood Special Education; relates to early intervention and early child...

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MESigned into law 06/2007P-12Preschool Children with Disabilities
S.B. 99
Expands the opportunity of preschool children with disabilities to continue to have a free and appropriate public education provided through...

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MESigned into law 06/2007P-12Child Care Study Committee
H.B. 576
Provides a commission to study ways to increase the quality of child care services in the state by identifying and implementing best practic...

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NJSigned into law 06/2007P-12Early Intervention for Autism
A.B. 4056; S.B. 2568
Concerns Early Intervention Program services for children with autism. Requires Department of Health and Senior Services, in conjunction wit...

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RISigned into law 06/2007P-12Voluntary Quality Rating System for Child Care
H.B. 5862
Implements a voluntary quality rating system to increase the quality of early care and education of school-age child care.
http://www.rilin....

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COSigned into law 05/2007P-12Statewide Early Childhood Councils
H.B. 1062
Concerns the creation of a statewide system of early childhood councils to improve and sustain availability, accessibility, capacity and qua...

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IASigned into law 05/2007P-12Statewide Voluntary Preschool Program
H.F. 877
Creates a statewide voluntary preschool program for four-year-old children. Provides that preschool teachers in the program must be certifie...

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KSSigned into law 05/2007P-12Early Childhood System
H.B. 2310 (Section 1)
Directs the legislative educational planning committee, in collaboration with the 2010 commission, to:

(1) Develop a coordinated, comprehe...

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MNSigned into law 05/2007P-12Pre-K Readiness
H.B. 1078
Directs the commissioner to approve School Readiness Service Agreements for up to 50 providers that represent diverse parts of the state and...

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MNSigned into law 05/2007P-12Early Childhood Literacy Programs
H.F. 2245 [Early Childhood]
Establishes a research-based early childhood literacy program premised on actively involved parents, ongoing professional staff development,...

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MNSigned into law 05/2007P-12Head Start Full-Day Requirements
H.F. 2245 [Head Start]
Spells out requirements for the phase in of full-day services in Head Start programs or licensed child care.
http://www.revisor.leg.state.m...

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NESigned into law 05/2007P-12Educational Service Units and Early Childhood Education Grants
L.B. 603
Relates to educational service units and school funding, incuding distance education. Changes provisions relating to: election of board memb...

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OKSigned into law 05/2007P-12New Member for School Readiness Board
H.B. 1557
Amends membership of the Oklahoma Partnership for School Readiness Board to include one representative of a state association of federally f...

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WVAdopted 05/2007P-12Pre-K Education
Title 126, Series 28
Amends rules governing the standards for pre- kindergarten education....

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ARSigned into law 04/2007P-12Child care
H.B. 2211
Creates the Emergency Preparedness for Child Care Facilities Act; requires the Division of Child Care and Early Childhood Education of the D...

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HISigned into law 04/2007P-12Funds for Early Intervention Services
S.B. 1459
(Governor's Package Bill) Appropriates $5,299,809 from the general fund for early intervention services for infants and children from birth ...

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NDSigned into law 04/2007P-12Statewide System for Early Childhood Workforce Training
S.B. 2186
The bill provides for early childhood care transition assistance. This bill allows the department to establish a statewide system to build s...

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NYSigned into law 04/2007P-12Full-Day Kindergarten Planning Grants and Desegregation Grant
S.B. 2107 - Part B, Section 38
Authorizes the commissioner to award grants to districts that operated half-day kindergarten programs in the 2006-2007 school year, and that...

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NYSigned into law 04/2007P-12Universal Pre-Kindergarten
S.B. 2107 - Part B, Section 19
Eliminates references to district-level prekindergarten policy advisory boards and their authority to adopt prekindergarten programs.

Provi...

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NYSigned into law 04/2007P-12Temporary Task Force on Preschool Special Education
S.B. 2107 - Part B, Section 59
Establishes a temporary task force on preschool special education, to be chaired by the commissioner of education or his/her designated repr...

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WASigned into law 04/2007P-12Addresses Authority Issues
S.B. 5952
From final House Bill report: The Department of Early Learning (DEL) was established in 2006 as an executive branch agency whose primary dut...

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WASigned into law 04/2007P-12Integrated, Comprehensive System of Early Education
H.B. 2319
Supports early learning and parenting education opportunities at community colleges; requires the state board for community and technical co...

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WASigned into law 04/2007P-12Child Care Provider Information
S.B. 5317
Declares that the purpose of this act is to provide tools to promote the hiring of suitable providers of child care by: (1) Providing parent...

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WASigned into law 04/2007P-12Rules Inviting Mutual Respect
S.B. 5828
Finds that education is the single most effective investment that can be made in children, the state, the economy, and the future. A well-ed...

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ARSigned into law 03/2007P-12early learning
H.B. 1487
Relates to an act to increase the early literacy skills of children by creating a literacy skills component to the Arkansas Academic Challen...

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ILAdopted 03/2007P-12Early Childhood Teacher Preparation Assistance Grant
23 IAC 70.10, .20, .30, .40, .50, .60, .70, .80.
Goal of the grant program is to address the shortages experienced by all state-funded preschool education programs of teachers holding Type ...

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MSSigned into law 03/2007P-12K-3 Literacy and Numeracy Screening
H.B. 1058
Relates to dyslexia screening and remediation pilot programs. Requires state department of education to select a literacy and numeracy scree...

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MSSigned into law 03/2007P-12Voluntary Early Learning Grant Program
S.B. 2667
Authorizes and directs the department of human services to implement a voluntary early care and education grant program by sub-contracting w...

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NESigned into law 03/2007P-12Early Childhood Training Center
L.B. 231
Transfers operation of the Early Childhood Training Center from the educational service unit currently operating the center to the departmen...

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NMSigned into law 03/2007P-12K-3 Plus Pilot Project
H.B. 198
Creates the K-3 Plus Pilot project as a six-year pilot. The program would provide extended time for students in K-3rd grades in high-poverty...

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VASigned into law 03/2007P-12Pregnant Women Support Act
H.B. 3183, S.B. 1088
Chapter No. 822: Creates the Pregnant Women Support Act. Provisions include several related to education: Providing support services for stu...

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WYSigned into law 03/2007P-12Child Care Facilities Improvement
H.B. 95
Requires the state to provide staff development grants to child caring facilities to assist the owners or staff of those facilities to obtai...

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WYSigned into law 03/2007P-12Preschool Mental Health Services
S.B. 34
Allows funds to be appropriated for developmental preschool mental health or social-emotional development services and training. http://leg...

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AKAdopted 02/2007P-12PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
4 AAC 04.150
Amends rules to the Department of Education and Early Development.Adopts Grade Level Expectations (GPE) for Kindergarten through Grade 2. AL...

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COSigned into law 02/2007P-12Funding for Full-day Kindergarten
S.B. 26
Authorizes a school district, upon voter approval, to impose an additional mill levy for purposes of funding the school district's excess fu...

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UTSigned into law 02/2007P-12Early Childhood Reading Readiness
H.C.R. 5
This concurrent resolution of the legislature and governor encourages reading with a child 20 minutes a day to help prepare children for suc...

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VAPassed 02/2007P-12Virginia Preschool Initiative Study
H.J. 729
This joint resolution of the legislature directs the Joint Legislative Audit and Review Commission to study the Virginia Preschool Initiativ...

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WYSigned into law 02/2007P-12Local Matching Funds for Preschool
H.B. 177
Requires 3% local matching funds for contracts with developmental preschool service providers. http://legisweb.state.wy.us/2007/Enroll/HB01...

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WYSigned into law 02/2007P-12Developmental Preschool Service Providers Reimbursement
H.B. 42
Increases the state's per child reimbursement amount for developmental preschool service providers. http://legisweb.state.wy.us/2007/Enroll...

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NJSigned into law 01/2007P-12Early Education Intervention Week
S.J.R. 14; A.J.R 113
Designates third week of May New Jersey Early Intervention Week to focus public attention on the needs of young children, to recognize the e...

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+ P-3 Child Care
+ P-3 Content Standards and Assessment
+ P-3 Early Intervention (0-3)
+ P-3 Ensuring Quality
+ P-3 Evaluation/Economic Benefits
+ P-3 Family Involvement
+ P-3 Finance
+ P-3 Governance
+ P-3 Grades 1-3
+ P-3 Health and Mental Health
+ P-3 Kindergarten
+ P-3 Kindergarten--Full-Day Kindergarten
+ P-3 Preschool
+ P-3 Teaching Quality/Professional Development
+ Parent/Family
+ Parent/Family--Parent Rights
+ Partnerships--University/School
+ Postsecondary
+ Postsecondary Accountability
+ Postsecondary Accountability--Accreditation
+ Postsecondary Accountability--Diploma Mills
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Financial Aid
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees--Prepd/College Savings Plans
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees--Undocumented Immigrants
+ Postsecondary Faculty
+ Postsecondary Faculty--Compensation
+ Postsecondary Faculty--Intellectual Property
+ Postsecondary Finance
+ Postsecondary Governance and Structures
+ Postsecondary Institutions--Community/Technical Colleges
+ Postsecondary Institutions--For-Profit/Proprietary
+ Postsecondary Institutions--Private/Independent
+ Postsecondary Online Instruction
+ Postsecondary Participation--Access
+ Postsecondary Participation--Admissions Requirements
+ Postsecondary Students--Disabled
+ Postsecondary Students--Foster Youth
+ Postsecondary Students--Graduate/Professional
+ Postsecondary Students--Military
+ Postsecondary Students--Minority
+ Postsecondary Success--Completion--Completion Rates (Statistics)
+ Postsecondary Success--Developmental/Remediation
+ Postsecondary Success--Retention/Persistence
+ Postsecondary Success--Transfer/Articulation
+ Private Schools
+ Privatization
+ Public Involvement
+ Reading/Literacy
+ Religion
+ Religion--Prayer/Meditation
+ Rural
+ Scheduling/School Calendar
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Extended Day Programs
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Summer School
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Year
+ School Safety
+ School Safety--Bullying Prevention/Conflict Resolution
+ School Safety--Code of Conduct
+ School Safety--Disaster/Emergency Preparedness
+ School Safety--Expulsion/Suspension
+ School Safety--No Child Left Behind--Safe Schools
+ School Safety--Sexual Harassment and Assault
+ School Safety--Special Education
+ School Safety--Uniforms/Dress Codes
+ School/District Structure/Operations
+ School/District Structure/Operations--District Consolidation/Deconsolidation
+ School/District Structure/Operations--District Size
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Facilities
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Food Service
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Libraries
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Personnel (Non-Teaching)
+ School/District Structure/Operations--School Size
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Shared Services
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Transportation
+ Service-Learning
+ Special Education
+ Special Education--Federal Law/Regulations
+ Special Education--Finance
+ Special Education--Inclusion (Mainstreaming)
+ Special Education--Placement
+ Special Education--Transition
+ Special Populations--Corrections Education
+ Special Populations--Foster Care
+ Special Populations--Gifted and Talented
+ Special Populations--Homeless Education
+ Special Populations--Migrant Education
+ Special Populations--Military
+ Standards
+ State Longitudinal Data Systems
+ State Policymaking
+ State Policymaking--Ballot Questions
+ State Policymaking--Task Forces/Commissions
+ STEM
+ Student Achievement
+ Student Achievement--Closing the Achievement Gap
+ Student Supports--Counseling/Guidance
+ Student Supports--Mentoring/Tutoring
+ Student Supports--Remediation
+ Students
+ Students--Athletics/Extracurricular Activities
+ Students--Incentives
+ Students--Mobility
+ Students--Records/Rights
+ Teaching Quality
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Alternative
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Assignment
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Highly Qualified Teachers
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Natl. Bd. for Prof. Teach. Stds.
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Special Education
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--State Prof. Standards Bds.
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Substitute Teachers
+ Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay
+ Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay--Pay-for-Performance
+ Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay--Retirement/Benefits
+ Teaching Quality--Evaluation and Effectiveness
+ Teaching Quality--Induction Programs and Mentoring
+ Teaching Quality--Paraprofessionals
+ Teaching Quality--Preparation
+ Teaching Quality--Professional Development
+ Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention
+ Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention--At-Risk Schools
+ Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention--High-Needs Subjects
+ Teaching Quality--Reduction in Force
+ Teaching Quality--Teacher Rights
+ Teaching Quality--Tenure or Continuing Contract
+ Teaching Quality--Unions/Collective Bargaining
+ Teaching Quality--Working Conditions
+ Technology
+ Technology--Computer Skills
+ Technology--Devices/Software/Hardware
+ Technology--Equitable Access
+ Technology--Funding Issues
+ Technology--Internet Safety
+ Technology--Teacher/Faculty Training
+ Textbooks and Open Source
+ Urban
+ Whole Child