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From the ECS State Policy Database 2007 State Policies / Activities

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Education Commission of the States • 700 Broadway, Suite 810 • Denver, CO 80203-3442 • 303.299.3600 • fax 303.296.8332 • www.ecs.org

The following summary includes policies enacted in 2007. This database is made possible by your state's fiscal support of the Education Commission of the States (ECS). Most entries are legislative, although rules/regulations and executive orders that make substantive changes are included. Every effort is made to collect the latest available version of policies; in some instances, recent changes might not be reflected. For expediency purposes minimal attention has been paid to style (capitalization, punctuation) and format. To view the documents, click on the blue triangle next to the topic of interest. To view all, press the button located at the top labeled "Expand All." Please cite use of the database as: Education Commission of the States (ECS) State Policy Database, retrieved [date]. State Status/Date Level Summary 21st Century Skills Accountability Accountability--Accreditation Accountability--Measures/Indicators Accountability--Reporting Results Accountability--Rewards Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--No Pass No Drive Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--No Pass No Play Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--Takeovers Accountability--School Improvement Adult Basic Education Assessment Assessment--Accommodations Assessment--Computer Based Assessment--End-of-Course Assessment--Formative/Interim Assessment--High Stakes/Competency Assessment--NAEP (NAEP Results and NAEP Organization) Assessment--Value Added At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention) At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)--Alternative Education At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)--Drugs/Alcohol Attendance Attendance--Compulsory Attendance--Statutory Ages (Upper and Lower) Attendance--Truancy Background Checks Bilingual/ESL Business Involvement Career/Technical Education Career/Technical Education--Career Academies/Apprenticeship Cheating Choice of Schools--Charter Schools Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Charter Districts Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Closings Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Finance Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Research Choice of Schools--Choice/Open Enrollment Choice of Schools--Magnet or Specialized Schools Choice of Schools--Tax Credits Choice of Schools--Vouchers Civic Education Civic Education--Character Education Class Size Curriculum Curriculum--Arts Education Curriculum--Censorship Curriculum--Core Curriculum Curriculum--Drivers Education Curriculum--Environmental Education Curriculum--Excusal Curriculum--Family Living Education Curriculum--Financial Literacy/Economics Ed. Curriculum--Foreign Language/Sign Language Curriculum--Geography Education Curriculum--Health/Nutrition Education Curriculum--Language Arts Curriculum--Language Arts--Writing/Spelling Curriculum--Mathematics Curriculum--Physical Education Curriculum--Science Curriculum--Sex Education Curriculum--Social Studies/History Curriculum--Speech Education Data-Driven Improvement Demographics Desegregation Economic/Workforce Development Education Research Equity Federal Finance Finance--Adequacy/Core Cost Finance--Aid to Private Schools Finance--Bonds Finance--District Finance--Equity Finance--Facilities Finance--Funding Formulas Finance--Local Foundations/Funds Finance--Lotteries Finance--Private Giving Finance--Resource Efficiency Finance--State Budgets/Expenditures Finance--Student Fees Finance--Taxes/Revenues Finance--Taxes/Revenues--Alternative Revenues Governance Governance--Deregulation/Waivers/Home Rule Governance--Ethics/Conflict of Interest Governance--Mandates Governance--School Boards Governance--Site-Based Management Governance--State Boards/Chiefs/Agencies Health Health--Child Abuse Health--Mental Health Health--Nutrition Health--School Based Clinics or School Nurses Health--Suicide Prevention Health--Teen Pregnancy High School High School--Advanced Placement High School--College Readiness High School--Dropout Rates/Graduation Rates High School--Dual/Concurrent Enrollment High School--Early Colleges/Middle Colleges High School--Exit Exams High School--GED (General Education Development) High School--Graduation Requirements High School--International Baccalaureate Instructional Approaches--Constructivism Instructional Approaches--Grading Practices Instructional Approaches--Homeschooling Instructional Approaches--Official English Instructional Approaches--Problem Based Learning Integrated Services/Full-Service Schools International Benchmarking Leadership Leadership--District Superintendent Leadership--Principal/School Leadership Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Certification and Licensure Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Compensation and Diversified Pay Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Evaluation and Effectiveness Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Preparation Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Recruitment and Retention Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Tenure Middle School Minority/Diversity Issues Minority/Diversity Issues--African American Minority/Diversity Issues--American Indian / Alaska Native / Native Hawaiian No Child Left Behind No Child Left Behind--Adequate Yearly Progress No Child Left Behind--Assessment No Child Left Behind--Choice/Transfer No Child Left Behind--Consequences for Schools No Child Left Behind--Finance No Child Left Behind--Parent Involvement No Child Left Behind--Reauthorization Issues/Waivers No Child Left Behind--Report Cards No Child Left Behind--School Support No Child Left Behind--Special Populations No Child Left Behind--Supplemental Services Online Learning--Digital/Blended Learning Online Learning--Virtual Schools/Courses P-16 or P-20 P-3 P-3 Child Care P-3 Content Standards and Assessment P-3 Early Intervention (0-3) P-3 Ensuring Quality P-3 Evaluation/Economic Benefits P-3 Family Involvement P-3 Finance P-3 Governance P-3 Grades 1-3 P-3 Health and Mental Health P-3 Kindergarten P-3 Kindergarten--Full-Day Kindergarten P-3 Preschool P-3 Teaching Quality/Professional Development Parent/Family Parent/Family--Parent Rights Partnerships--University/School Postsecondary Postsecondary Accountability Postsecondary Accountability--Accreditation Postsecondary Accountability--Diploma Mills Postsecondary Affordability--Financial Aid AL Adopted 12/2007 Postsec. Community College Alabama Student Assistance Program AAC 300-4-2-.06 Increases the maximum award amount for Alabama Student Assistance Program from $2,500 to $5,000.... More... MI Signed into law 12/2007 Postsec. College Savings Program H.B. 5138 Amends the Education Savings Program Act; adds as an authorized withdrawal from such an account a withdrawal made because a beneficiary atte... More... NJ Signed into law 12/2007 Postsec. Community College NJ STARS/NJ STARS II Military Service Exemption A.B. 3253 Provides a military service exemption to the requirement of continuous enrollment under the NJ STARS and NJ STARS II Programs. http://www.st... More... TX Unofficially approved by Voters. 11/2007 Postsec. Community College Bonds to Finance Student Loans V. 2 (PROPOSITION 2; SJR 57 2007)Proposes a constitutional amendment to provide for the issuance of a specified amount of general obligation bond... More... CA Signed into law 10/2007 P-12 Postsec. Cash for College Program A.B. 1540 Expresses the intent of the Legislature that resident students with financial need be made aware of the opportunities afforded to them throu... More... ID Adopted 10/2007 Postsec. PROMISE SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM IDAPA 08.01.05 Rewrites rules of both the Promise A and Promise B scholarships in the Promise Scholarship Program to modify the selection criteria and the ... More... CA Vetoed 09/2007 Postsec. Financial aid S.B. 1 Amends the Donahoe Higher Education Act to require the Trustees of the California State University and the Board of Governors of the Califor... More... CA Signed into law 08/2007 Postsec. Student Financial Aid S.B. 91 Repeals provisions of existing law relating to the establishment and operation of the auxiliary organization and the state's participation i... More... IL Signed into law 08/2007 Postsec. Scholarships for Children of Veterans H.B. 486 Concerns scholarships for children of veterans. Adds Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom to the list of periods of hostil... More... IL Signed into law 08/2007 Postsec. Community College Scholarship Funds from License Plates S.B. 169 Specifies that scholarship awards from moneys deposited into the state college and university trust fund are to support Illinois residents. ... More... LA Signed into law 07/2007 P-12 Postsec. Minimum Scores on Specified Tests H.B. 634 Provides relative to minimum scores on specified tests that are required of certain home study students to be eligible for Tuition Opportuni... More... ME Signed into law 07/2007 Postsec. Community College Incentives for Graduates to Work and Live in State I. 2; LD 948; LR 124 Provides a tax credit to reimburse educational loan payments for any resident who earns an associate or bachelor's degree and lives, works a... More... MI Signed into law 07/2007 P-12 Postsec. Community College Expands Michigan Promise Award Eligibility H.B. 4595 Expands eligibility for Michigan promise award to include certain residents who graduated from out-of- state high schools. http://www.legisl... More... NH Signed into law 07/2007 Postsec. Tuition Waivers for Foster Children S.B. 168 Establishes tuition waivers for foster children at any public postsecondary institution. http://www.gencourt.state.nh.us/legislation/2007/SB... More... OR Signed into law 07/2007 Postsec. Community College Oregon Opportunity Grant S.B. 334 Expands the Oregon Opportunity Grant and helps more students afford the cost of attending an Oregon University or Community College. Under t... More... OR Signed into law 07/2007 Postsec. Community College Financial Aid for Veterans Studying Part Time H.B. 2208 Makes veterans enrolled part-time in course of study or professional training eligible for state financial aid. http://www.leg.state.or.us/0... More... ME Signed into law 06/2007 Postsec. Community College Financial Aid for College Students Who Remain in State L.D. 1856; LR 2619 Provides a tax credit to reimburse educational loan payments for any resident who earns an associate degree or a bachelor's degree and lives... More... OK Signed into law 06/2007 Postsec. Education Reform Revolving Fund, Access S.B. 820 Relates to the Education Lottery Trust Fund and higher education. On or after July 1, 2008, twelve percent (12%) of the revenue derived purs... More... TX Signed into law 06/2007 Postsec. Scholarship Prohibitions for Relatives of Board Members S.B. 1325 Prohibits relatives of public college and university board members from receiving certain scholarships from the institution or system whose ... More... AZ Vetoed 05/2007 P-12 Postsec. tuition/fees S.B. 1183 Establishes the Early Graduation Scholarship Program under which eligible students who graduate from a public high school or charter school ... More... FL Signed into law 05/2007 Postsec. Student Financial Assistance H.B. 343 Relates to public postsecondary need-based student financial assistance; requires state residency for such assistance grant; revises eligibi... More... GA Signed into law 05/2007 Postsec. Community College Georgia HERO Scholarship H.B. 131 Relates to definitions relative to the Georgia HERO (Helping Educate Reservists and their Offspring) Scholarship, so as to provide that surv... More... GA Vetoed 05/2007 Postsec. HOPE Eligibility for Georgia Military College Students H.B. 363 Relates to eligibility requirements for a Helping Outstanding Pupils Educationally (HOPE) grant. Provides that students at Georgia Military ... More... HI Signed into law 05/2007 Postsec. Scholarship Programs H.B. 1529 Establishes the Senator Hiram L. Fong scholarship program and the Senator Oren E. Long scholarship program. http://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/s... More... IA Signed into law 05/2007 Postsec. Community College All Iowa Opportunity Scholarship Program S.F. 588 (Sec. 28) Creates the All Iowa Opportunity Scholarship program for students with a minimum 2.5 high school grade point average and who demonstrate fin... More... IN Signed into law 05/2007 P-12 Postsec. Community College Recodification of Higher Education Code S.B. 526 (omnibus) - Recodification of Higher Education Code Recodifies the law governing higher education. Changes references in provisions that cross reference to the law being recodified. Makes rela... More... IN Signed into law 05/2007 P-12 Postsec. Eligibility for 21st Century Scholars Program H.B. 1266 Provides that a student who is in foster care or placed in the home of a relative or other unlicensed caretaker may enroll in the 21st Centu... More... IN Signed into law 05/2007 P-12 Postsec. 21st Century Scholars Program Expansion, Graduation H.B. 1647 Expands eligibility for the 21st Century Scholars program to grade 7 students, and beginning with the 2008-09 school year, to grade 6 studen... More... MO Signed into law 05/2007 Postsec. Community College Higher Education Finance S.B. 389 [Postsecondary Finance] Increases the amount of the Bright Flight scholarships from $2,000 to $3,000 beginning with fiscal year 2011. Beginning with fiscal year 201... More... MT Signed into law 05/2007 Postsec. Community College Governor's Postsecondary Scholarship Program S.B. 2A (Postsecondary) Revises portions of the governor's postsecondary scholarship program. Revises: (1) duties of the council and board; (2) criteria of types an... More... NV Signed into law 05/2007 Postsec. Community College Student Loans S.B. 357 Revises provisions relating to student loans administered by the Western Interstate Commission for Higher Education for students enrolled in... More... NY Signed into law 05/2007 Postsec. Conflicts of Interest -- Financial Aid A.B. 7950 Protects students and parents from being steered by lenders and institutions of higher learning into student loans laden with conflicts of i... More... TX Signed into law 05/2007 P-12 Postsec. Tuition Vouchers for Playing "Taps" H.B. 1187 Requires the Texas Veterans Commission (commission) to establish a program to issue vouchers to be exchanged for an exemption from the payme... More... TX Signed into law 05/2007 Postsec. Eligibility for Financial Aid H.B. 1250 Allow graduates of unaccredited high schools (including home school programs) to compete for loans through the B-On-Time Student Loan Progra... More... TX Signed into law 05/2007 P-12 Postsec. Exemption from Tuition/Fees for Adopted Students H.B. 2702 Provides exemption from tuition and fees at a public institution of higher education for adopted students. http://www.legis.state.tx.us/tlod... More... ID Signed into law 04/2007 Postsec. Community College Idaho Opportunity Scholarship H.B. 329 (see assoc. H.B. 217) Makes an appropriation to the state board of education, including $1,925,000 for the Idaho Opportunity Scholarship. Directs the state board ... More... MD Signed into law 04/2007 P-12 Postsec. Community College Dual Enrollment Grant Program S.B. 525 Requires the Maryland Higher Education Commission to establish and administer a grant program for dually enrolled students; requires a recip... More... MT Signed into law 04/2007 Postsec. Community College Educational Loans for Physicians S.B. 553 Expands the repayment of educational loans to include physicians practicing in medically underserved areas or for underserved populations. I... More... NE Signed into law 04/2007 P-12 Postsec. Community College Access College Early Scholarship Program L.B. 192 Creates the Access College Early Scholarship Program, and eliminates the Community Scholarship Foundation Program. The purpose of the progra... More... NY Signed into law 04/2007 Postsec. Community College Financial Aid S.B. 2107, Part E-1 Amends eligibility requirements for all general awards, academic performance awards and student loans. Requires all such aid recipients to h... More... VA Signed into law 04/2007 Postsec. Community College Two-Year College Transfer Grant Program H.B. 1681 Chapter 850. The measure provides higher education grants to Virginia residents, who have successfully completed an acceptable associate deg... More... WA Signed into law 04/2007 Postsec. Loans and Revenue Bonds S.B. 5385 Authorizes the Washington Higher Education Facilities Authority is authorized to originate and purchase educational loans and to issue stude... More... WA Signed into law 04/2007 Postsec. Community College Meeting the Demand for Higher and Differently Skilled Workers H.B. 1096 Finds that: (1) The economic trends of globalization and technological change are increasing the demand for higher and differently skilled w... More... WA Signed into law 04/2007 P-12 Postsec. GET Ready for Math and Science Scholarship Program H.B. 1779 Establishes the GET ready for math and science scholarship program. The purpose of the program is to provide scholarships to students who ac... More... WA Signed into law 04/2007 P-12 Postsec. College Board Scholarship Program S.B. 5098 Declares an intent to inspire and encourage all Washington students to dream big by creating a guaranteed four-year tuition scholarship prog... More... WA Signed into law 04/2007 P-12 Postsec. Passport to College Promise Program Pilot H.B. 1131 Declares an intent to create the passport to college promise pilot program that will have two primary components, as follows: (1) Significan... More... WA Signed into law 04/2007 Postsec. Wiaver, Tuition/Fees S.B. 5002 Changes tuition waivers for families of fallen veterans and national guard members.... More... WA Signed into law 04/2007 Postsec. Community College Need-Based Aid for Part-Time Students H.B. 1179 Authorizes part-time students at postsecondary institutions to qualify for a state need grant. Encourages institutions of higher education t... More... WA Signed into law 04/2007 Postsec. Investment of Scholarship Endowment Funds S.B. 5039 Management of the investments of funds for all scholarship endowment programs administered by HECB is vested in the State Investment Board. ... More... WV Vetoed 04/2007 P-12 Postsec. Technology Donation Program; Higher Ed. Councils; Health Education Loan Program H.B. 2558 Requires the state's Chief Technology Officer (CTO) to create and implement a program to refurbish and donate state surplus computers which ... More... CO Signed into law 03/2007 Postsec. Loan Repayments for Public Servants H.B. 1242 Concerns Higher Education Loan Repayment Assistance Programs for students from institutions of higher education who enter public service car... More... ID Signed into law 03/2007 Postsec. Community College Scholarships to Dependents/Members of the Armed Forces S.B. 1095 Provides additional scholarship eligibility to dependents or certain members of the armed forces. Session Law Chapter 95 http://www3.state.... More... ID Signed into law 03/2007 Postsec. Community College Idaho Opportunity Scholarship H.B. 217 (see assoc. H.B. 329) Creates the Idaho Opportunity Scholarship for financially disadvantaged students. Covers the costs of tuition, fees, room and board, and boo... More... KY Signed into law 03/2007 P-12 Postsec. Tuition Waiver to Spouse or Child of Certain Veterans H.B. 128 Waives the public higher education or vocational tuition of a spouse or child of a deceased or permanently and totally disabled veteran and ... More... LA Adopted 03/2007 P-12 Postsec. Scholarship/Grant Programs--Natural Disaster LAC 28:IV.703, 705, 803, and 805 Amends to incorporate Acts 64 and 65 of the First Extraordinary Session of 2005 concerning the TOPS initial and continuing eligibility requi... More... NM Signed into law 03/2007 Postsec. Community College Student with Disabilities Scholarship Act H.B. 518/S.B. 537 Creates the students with disabilities scholarship act; defines a student with disabilities as a student who has a record of a physical or m... More... NM Signed into law 03/2007 Postsec. Community College College Assistance Migrant Program S.B. 858 Creates the college assistance migrant program at New Mexico State University to serve educational needs of migrants and seasonal farm worke... More... NM Signed into law 03/2007 Postsec. Community College Full-Time Status for Students With Disabilities S.B. 689 Extends time that students with disabilities can be defined as full time for purposes of eligibility for state lottery scholarship program. ... More... NM Signed into law 03/2007 Postsec. Community College College Affordability Scholarships at Tribal Colleges S.B. 355 Enables students at tribal colleges to receive scholarships under the College Affordability Act. Defines student eligibility and terms of sc... More... TX Adopted 03/2007 P-12 Postsec. Financial Assistance Opportunities 1 TAC 10.210.210.3 -.5 Requires all state agencies, except institutions of higher education,state agencies defined in ?531.001(4), Government Code, and state agenc... More... UT Signed into law 03/2007 Postsec. Community College Military Member Surviving Dependent Tuition Waiver H.B. 309 Waives the undergraduate tuition at state institutions of higher education for surviving dependents of Utah resident military members, inclu... More... UT Signed into law 03/2007 Postsec. Community College Higher Education Tuition Assistance Program Changes H.B. 195 Changes requirements for the Utah Higher Education Tuition Assistance Program to allow money appropriated for the program to be available on... More... VA Signed into law 03/2007 Postsec. Community College Two-Year College Transfer Grant Program H.B. 1681, S.B. 749 Establishes the Two-Year College Transfer Grant Program for the purpose of providing higher education grants of up to $2,000 per year to dom... More... VA Signed into law 03/2007 P-12 Postsec. Community College Tuition Waiver for Children & Spouses of Certain Public Safety Personnel S.B. 1187 Includes the surviving spouses and children between the ages of 16 and 25 of members of the Virginia National Guard or members of the Virgin... More... WV Signed into law 03/2007 Postsec. Community College National Guard & Military Financial Aid S.B. 667 Extends tuition and fees waiver for members of the West Virginia Army National Guard and West Virginia Air National Guard enrolled in Master... More... WV Signed into law 03/2007 P-12 Postsec. Certificate & Endorsement Tuition Reimbursement H.B. 2588 Allows tuition and fees for courses taken for the renewal of a teaching certificate or to gain an additional endorsement in a shortage area ... More... WV Signed into law 03/2007 Postsec. Community College National Guard & Deceased Military Family Member Tuition Benefit H.B. 2931, S.B. 487 Provides for payment of tuition and fees for any member of the Army National Guard or Air National Guard during the period of his or her ser... More... WV Signed into law 03/2007 Postsec. Community College Emergency Medical Services Personnel Dependents Scholarships H.B. 2717 Establishes a retirement system for emergency medical services personnel, which includes scholarships for dependent children of deceased per... More... WY Signed into law 03/2007 Postsec. Community College Hathaway Scholarship Program Revisions H.B. 97 Revises the Hathaway scholarship program by increasing curriculum requirements necessary to qualify for scholarships; establishes specific c... More... WY Signed into law 03/2007 Postsec. Physician, Dentist & Health Care Provider Loan Repayment Program H.B. 164 Provides that loans resulting from undergraduate and postgraduate education for physicians, dentists and health care providers who provide t... More... WY Signed into law 02/2007 Postsec. Community College Free Tuition for Specified Deceased Public Servants' Dependents H.B. 112 Provides up to 10 semesters of free tuition and fees at the University of Wyoming and/or any Wyoming community college for surviving depende... More... WY Signed into law 02/2007 Postsec. Community College Free Tuition for Disabled Peace Officer Dependents S.B. 121 Provides that dependents of peace officers who are totally disabled while in the scope of duty shall receive free tuition and fees up to a t... More... WY Signed into law 02/2007 Postsec. Community College Hathaway Scholarship Program Expansion H.B. 99 Expands the Hathaway scholarship program to graduate and professional degrees; clarifies provisions regarding students attending multiple in... More... WY Signed into law 02/2007 Postsec. Community College Foreign Language Teacher Loan Repayment Program H.B. 182 Amends the teacher shortage loan repayment program to include students pursuing degrees to become foreign language teachers; transfers admin... More... WY Signed into law 02/2007 Postsec. Dental Student Loan Repayment Program S.B. 45 Establishes a dental student loan repayment program and allows for loan forgiveness if certain requirements are met. http://legisweb.state.w... More... NJ Signed into law 01/2007 Postsec. Financial Aid for Military Personnel A.B. 2542; S.B. 1550 Extends eligibility for higher education tuition assistance to certain former members of New Jersey National Guard and increases number of t... More... Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees--Prepd/College Savings Plans Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees--Undocumented Immigrants Postsecondary Faculty Postsecondary Faculty--Compensation Postsecondary Faculty--Intellectual Property Postsecondary Finance Postsecondary Governance and Structures Postsecondary Institutions--Community/Technical Colleges Postsecondary Institutions--For-Profit/Proprietary Postsecondary Institutions--Private/Independent Postsecondary Online Instruction Postsecondary Participation--Access Postsecondary Participation--Admissions Requirements Postsecondary Students--Disabled Postsecondary Students--Foster Youth Postsecondary Students--Graduate/Professional Postsecondary Students--Military Postsecondary Students--Minority Postsecondary Success--Completion--Completion Rates (Statistics) Postsecondary Success--Developmental/Remediation Postsecondary Success--Retention/Persistence Postsecondary Success--Transfer/Articulation Private Schools Privatization Public Involvement Reading/Literacy Religion Religion--Prayer/Meditation Rural Scheduling/School Calendar Scheduling/School Calendar--Extended Day Programs Scheduling/School Calendar--Summer School Scheduling/School Calendar--Year School Safety School Safety--Bullying Prevention/Conflict Resolution School Safety--Code of Conduct School Safety--Disaster/Emergency Preparedness School Safety--Expulsion/Suspension School Safety--No Child Left Behind--Safe Schools School Safety--Sexual Harassment and Assault School Safety--Special Education School Safety--Uniforms/Dress Codes School/District Structure/Operations School/District Structure/Operations--District Consolidation/Deconsolidation School/District Structure/Operations--District Size School/District Structure/Operations--Facilities School/District Structure/Operations--Food Service School/District Structure/Operations--Libraries School/District Structure/Operations--Personnel (Non-Teaching) School/District Structure/Operations--School Size School/District Structure/Operations--Shared Services School/District Structure/Operations--Transportation Service-Learning Special Education Special Education--Federal Law/Regulations Special Education--Finance Special Education--Inclusion (Mainstreaming) Special Education--Placement Special Education--Transition Special Populations--Corrections Education Special Populations--Foster Care Special Populations--Gifted and Talented Special Populations--Homeless Education Special Populations--Migrant Education Special Populations--Military Standards State Longitudinal Data Systems State Policymaking State Policymaking--Ballot Questions State Policymaking--Task Forces/Commissions STEM Student Achievement Student Achievement--Closing the Achievement Gap Student Supports--Counseling/Guidance Student Supports--Mentoring/Tutoring Student Supports--Remediation Students Students--Athletics/Extracurricular Activities Students--Incentives Students--Mobility Students--Records/Rights Teaching Quality Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Alternative Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Assignment Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Highly Qualified Teachers Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Natl. Bd. for Prof. Teach. Stds. Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Special Education Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--State Prof. Standards Bds. Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Substitute Teachers Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay--Pay-for-Performance Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay--Retirement/Benefits Teaching Quality--Evaluation and Effectiveness Teaching Quality--Induction Programs and Mentoring Teaching Quality--Paraprofessionals Teaching Quality--Preparation Teaching Quality--Professional Development Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention--At-Risk Schools Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention--High-Needs Subjects Teaching Quality--Reduction in Force Teaching Quality--Teacher Rights Teaching Quality--Tenure or Continuing Contract Teaching Quality--Unions/Collective Bargaining Teaching Quality--Working Conditions Technology Technology--Computer Skills Technology--Devices/Software/Hardware Technology--Equitable Access Technology--Funding Issues Technology--Internet Safety Technology--Teacher/Faculty Training Textbooks and Open Source Urban Whole Child