ECS
From the ECS State Policy Database
2009 State Policies / Activities

Education Commission of the States • 700 Broadway, Suite 810 • Denver, CO 80203-3442 • 303.299.3600 • fax 303.296.8332 • www.ecs.org

The following summary includes policies enacted in 2009. This database is made possible by your state's fiscal support of the Education Commission of the States (ECS). Most entries are legislative, although rules/regulations and executive orders that make substantive changes are included. Every effort is made to collect the latest available version of policies; in some instances, recent changes might not be reflected. For expediency purposes minimal attention has been paid to style (capitalization, punctuation) and format. To view the documents, click on the blue triangle next to the topic of interest. To view all, press the button located at the top labeled "Expand All."

Please cite use of the database as: Education Commission of the States (ECS) State Policy Database, retrieved [date].

State Status/Date Level Summary
+ Accountability
+ Accountability--Accreditation
+ Accountability--Measures/Indicators
+ Accountability--Reporting Results
+ Accountability--Rewards
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--No Pass No Drive
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--No Pass No Play
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--Takeovers
+ Accountability--School Improvement
+ Adult Basic Education
+ Assessment
+ Assessment--Accommodations
+ Assessment--College Entrance Exams
+ Assessment--Computer Based
+ Assessment--End-of-Course
+ Assessment--Formative/Interim
+ Assessment--NAEP (NAEP Results and NAEP Organization)
+ Assessment--Performance Based/Portfolio
+ Assessment--Value Added
+ At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)
+ At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)--Alternative Education
+ At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)--Drugs/Alcohol
+ Attendance
+ Attendance--Compulsory
+ Attendance--Statutory Ages (Upper and Lower)
+ Attendance--Truancy
+ Background Checks
+ Bilingual/ESL
+ Business Involvement
+ Career/Technical Education
+ Career/Technical Education--Career Academies/Apprenticeship
+ Cheating
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Closings
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Cyber Charters
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Finance
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Research
+ Choice of Schools--Choice/Open Enrollment
+ Choice of Schools--Magnet or Specialized Schools
+ Choice of Schools--Vouchers
+ Civic Education
+ Civic Education--Character Education
+ Civic Education--Pledge of Allegiance
+ Class Size
+ Counseling/Guidance
+ Curriculum
+ Curriculum--Arts Education
+ Curriculum--Core Curriculum
+ Curriculum--Drivers Education
+ Curriculum--Environmental Education
+ Curriculum--Family Living Education
+ Curriculum--Financial Literacy/Economics Ed.
+ Curriculum--Foreign Language/Sign Language
+ Curriculum--Health/Nutrition Education
+ Curriculum--Home Economics
+ Curriculum--International Education
+ Curriculum--Language Arts
+ Curriculum--Language Arts--Writing/Spelling
+ Curriculum--Mathematics
+ Curriculum--Physical Education
+ Curriculum--Science
+ Curriculum--Sex Education
+ Curriculum--Social Studies/History
+ Demographics--Condition of Children/Adults
+ Desegregation
+ Economic/Workforce Development
+ Education Research
+ Equity
+ Federal
+ Finance
+ Finance--Adequacy/Core Cost
+ Finance--Bonds
+ Finance--District
+ Finance--Equity
+ Finance--Facilities
+ Finance--Federal
+ Finance--Funding Formulas
+ Finance--Litigation
+ Finance--Local Foundations/Funds
+ Finance--Lotteries
+ Finance--Resource Efficiency
+ Finance--State Budgets/Expenditures
+ Finance--Student Fees
+ Finance--Taxes/Revenues
+ Finance--Taxes/Revenues--Alternative Revenues
+ Governance
+ Governance--Deregulation/Waivers/Home Rule
+ Governance--Ethics/Conflict of Interest
+ Governance--School Boards
+ Governance--School Boards--Training
+ Governance--Site-Based Management
+ Governance--State Boards/Chiefs/Agencies
+ Health
+ Health--Child Abuse
+ Health--Mental Health
+ Health--Nutrition
+ Health--School Based Clinics or School Nurses
+ Health--Suicide Prevention
+ Health--Teen Pregnancy
+ High School
+ High School--Advanced Placement
+ High School--College Readiness
+ High School--Dropout Rates/Graduation Rates
+ High School--Dual/Concurrent Enrollment
+ High School--Early Colleges/Middle Colleges
+ High School--Exit Exams
+ High School--GED (General Education Development)
+ High School--Graduation Requirements
+ Instructional Approaches
+ Instructional Approaches--Grading Practices
+ Instructional Approaches--Homeschooling
+ Instructional Approaches--Problem Based Learning
+ Instructional Approaches--Single-Sex Education
+ Instructional Approaches--Time/Time on Task
+ Integrated Services/Full-Service Schools
+ International Baccalaureate
+ International Benchmarking
+ Leadership
+ Leadership--District Superintendent
+ Leadership--District Superintendent--Compensation and Diversified Pay
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Certification and Licensure
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Compensation and Diversified Pay
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Evaluation and Effectiveness
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Preparation
+ Mentoring/Tutoring
+ Middle School
+ Minority/Diversity Issues
+ Minority/Diversity Issues--American Indian / Alaska Native / Native Hawaiian
+ Minority/Diversity Issues--Hispanic
+ No Child Left Behind
+ No Child Left Behind--Adequate Yearly Progress
+ No Child Left Behind--Assessment
+ No Child Left Behind--Choice/Transfer
+ No Child Left Behind--Consequences for Schools
+ No Child Left Behind--Finance
+ No Child Left Behind--Report Cards
+ No Child Left Behind--School Support
+ No Child Left Behind--Supplemental Services
+ Online Learning--Digital/Blended Learning
+ Online Learning--Virtual Schools/Courses
+ P-16 or P-20
+ P-3
+ P-3 Child Care
+ P-3 Content Standards and Assessment
+ P-3 Early Intervention (0-3)
+ P-3 Ensuring Quality
+ P-3 Evaluation/Economic Benefits
+ P-3 Finance
+ P-3 Governance
+ P-3 Grades 1-3
+ P-3 Kindergarten--Full Day Kindergarten
+ P-3 Preschool
+ P-3 Teaching Quality/Professional Development
+ Parent/Family
+ Parent/Family--Parent Rights
+ Partnerships--University/School
- Postsecondary
TXAdopted 11/2009Postsec.Undergraduate Academic Certificate
19 TAC 1.4.B.4.36
Encourages institutions of higher education to develop undergraduate certificate programs of less than degree length, to be awarded upon completion of the institution's higher education coordinating board (HECB)-approved core curriculum, a HECB-approved field ...

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CASigned into law 10/2009Postsec.
Community College
Honorary Degrees for Japanese Forced to Leave Studies
A.B. 37
Requires the Trustees of the California State University and the Board of Governors of the California Community Colleges, and requests the Regents of the University of California, to work with their respective colleges and universities to confer an honorary de...

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CAVetoed 10/2009Postsec.State Whistleblower Protection Law
S.B. 219
Relates to State Whistleblower Protection Law law which authorizes a University of California employee or applicant for employment to recover damages caused by acts of reprisal, retaliation, threats or coercion only if the university failed to reach a decision...

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CAVetoed 10/2009Postsec.Designees of Ex Officio CSU Trustees
A.B. 690
Authorizes each ex officio trustee of the California State University, except the chancellor, to designate a person to attend a meeting or meetings of the trustees at the California State University in his or her absence. Prohibits an ex officio trustee from d...

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CASigned into law 10/2009P-12
Postsec.
Community College
Postsecondary Finance, Governance and Reporting
A.B. 1182
Expresses legislative intent to refine higher education reporting requirements to provide for more effective, manageable and transparent reporting by the higher education segments.

Requests that the University of California notify each high school's governing...

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NYVetoed 10/2009Postsec.Academic Research Information Access Program
A.B. 7229
Creates the Academic Research Information Access (ARIA) Program. Directs the department of economic development, in cooperation with the state university of New York and the state board of regents, to establish contracts and licenses for the provision of propr...

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CAAdopted 08/2009Postsec.Conferral of Degree upon Completion of Requirements
Title 5 CCR Section 40411
Allows the president of each California State University campus to preclude a student from enrolling in any additional state-supported courses when the student has met all conditions for a degree but has not taken the steps to be awarded the degree. Allows eac...

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IDAdopted 08/2009Postsec.Registration of Postsecondary and Proprietary Schools
IDAPA 08.01.11
Provides that a proprietary school must hold a valid certificate of registration issued by the Board. The Board delegates authority to its executive director, or his designee, and the Office of the State Board of Education to administer the registration of pro...

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ILSigned into law 08/2009Postsec.
Community College
Collaborative Baccalaureate Degree Development Grant Program
S.B. 1883
Requires the board of higher education to implement the Collaborative Baccalaureate Degree Development Grant Program to help deliver upper-division courses and bachelor's degree programs offered by colleges and universities at a location geographically conveni...

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NDSigned into law 08/2009Postsec.
Community College
Interplay Between State University System and Tribally Controlled Community Colleges
H.B. 1566
Requires that the Commissioner of Higher Education study the interplay between the State University System and tribally controlled community colleges. Specifically, requires the commissioner to address ways in which the North Dakota university system as a whol...

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ORSigned into law 08/2009Postsec.Program review
S.B. 5545
Approves certain fees adopted by the Oregon Student Assistance Commission for program reviews. Chapter 738
http://www.leg.state.or.us/09reg/measpdf/sb5500.dir/sb5545.en.pdf...

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TXAdopted 08/2009Postsec.Professional Development for HECB Staff
19 TAC 1.1.A.1.19
Establishes rules concerning professional development through education and training for higher education coordinating board administrators and employees....

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TXAdopted 08/2009Postsec.Approval Process for new Bachelor's and Master's Programs, Certificate Programs
19 TAC 1.5.C.5.44
Amends the approval process for new bachelor's and master's programs. Makes the approval of new bachelor's and master's programs automatic if they meet the following criteria:
(1) The program has institutional and board of regents approval
(2) The institution...

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TXAdopted 08/2009Postsec.Preliminary Degree Program Approval
19 TAC 1.5.B.5.24
Provides that preliminary authority to add a degree program is not necessary for a program that meets the following criteria: (a) the program has institutional and Board of Regents approval, (b) the program is a non-doctoral program, (c) the program is a non-e...

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DESigned into law 07/2009Postsec.
Community College
National Guard Educational Benefits Program
H.B. 73
Makes several changes to the Delaware National Guard Educational Benefits program; requires State- supported institutions to charge members the in- state rate for tuition and fees regardless of the members' state of residence; makes changes to allow members to...

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LASigned into law 07/2009Postsec.
Community College
Higher Education System Review
H.B. 794
Creates the Postsecondary Education Review Commission; provides for a comprehensive review of all aspects of the postsecondary education system in the state, including governance, facilities, programs, funding, and any other issues that impact postsecondary in...

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NHSigned into law 07/2009Postsec.
Community College
Residency Requirements, Use of Scholarship Funds
H.B. 317
Clarifies residency requirements for the New Hampshire incentive grant program. Expands the number of institutions of higher education at which scholarship funds for natural and adopted children of veterans may be used.
http://www.gencourt.state.nh.us/legislat...

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OHSigned into law 07/2009Postsec.Faculty Members and Instruction; Exercise of Authority by Boards of Trustees
H.B. 1 - Section 371.30.10(C) and (D)
Requires boards of trustees of state-assisted institutions of higher education to ensure that faculty members devote a proper and judicious part of their work week to the actual instruction of students. Specifies that total class credit hours of production per...

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FLSigned into law 06/2009Postsec.Jurisdiction of Campus Police
S.B. 554
Relates to the legal jurisdiction of campus police; redefines the term mutual aid agreement to authorize state university police officers to enforce laws within a specified jurisdictional area as agreed upon in a mutual aid agreement; authorizes university pol...

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IDAdopted 06/2009Postsec.Registration of Postsecondary Institutions
IDAPA 08.01.11
Clarifies that postsecondary institutions need to register to ensure they are legitimate degree granting institutions and that proprietary schools are legitimate.
adm.idaho.gov/adminrules/rules/idapa08/0111.pdf ...

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ORSigned into law 06/2009Postsec.University Consolidation
S.B. 442
Directs the Joint Boards of Education and the State Board of Higher Education to conduct studies relating to higher education; directs certain institutions of higher education to develop and implement processes and programs for the purpose of cost efficiency. ...

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ORSigned into law 06/2009Postsec.Applied Learning
H.B. 3093
Directs Joint Boards of Education to report to Legislative Assembly on development of applied baccalaureate degree programs at state institutions of higher education and community colleges. Chapter 779
http://www.leg.state.or.us/09reg/measpdf/hb3000.dir/hb3093...

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TXSigned into law 06/2009Postsec.
Community College
College Syllabi, Faculty CVs and Work-Study Opportunities
H.B. 2504 - Section 1 and 2
Relates to requiring a public institution of higher education to make available to the public on the institution's Internet Web site the syllabus for each undergraduate course, each instructor's curriculum vitae, and, if available, the most recent departmental...

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TXSigned into law 06/2009Postsec.Environmental Service Fees
H.B. 3353 and S.B. 2182
These identical companion bills authorize institutions of higher education to charge students an environmental service fee, if approved by a majority vote of students in a general student election. Specify amounts a fee may not exceed. Provide fee may be used ...

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TXSigned into law 06/2009Postsec.Developing Programs of the Highest National Rank or Recognition
H.B. 51 - Section 5 and 6
Section 5: Directs the higher education coordinating board biennially to determine the appropriate amount for funding the program in Section 61.0596 (see below, "University Funding for Excellence in Specific Programs and Fields; Incentive Grants") in the next ...

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TXSigned into law 06/2009Postsec.Enhancing Research Universities and Emerging Research Universities
H.B. 51 - Section 1
Directs each research university and emerging research university to submit to the coordinating board a strategic plan documenting the institution's strategy to achieve recognition as a research university or enhance the university's reputation as a research u...

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TXSigned into law 06/2009Postsec.Interim Study Regarding Technology Research Data Collection
H.B. 51 - Section 18
Creates a select interim committee to study the feasibility of maintaining a searchable electronic database or other data collection regarding specialized technology research projects at Texas public universities or other facilities operated by a state agency,...

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TXSigned into law 06/2009Postsec.Definitions and Categories of Research Expenditures
H.B. 51 - Section 19
Directs the higher education coordinating board to study and make recommendations on the appropriate definitions and categories of research expenditures to be applied in determining an institution's eligibility for and distributions from the Research Universit...

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IDSigned into law 05/2009Postsec.Retirement Programs
H.B. 199
Adds to existing law to provide that the State Board of Education and the Board of Regents of the University of Idaho may establish additional retirement plans for members of the teaching staff and officers of the University of Idaho, Idaho State University, B...

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MDAdopted 05/2009Postsec.
Community College
Requirements for Degree-granting HE Institutions
COMAR 13B.02.02.01 to .22
Establishes minimum requirements for issuing certificates, diplomas, and degrees by in-state public and private institutions of postsecondary education.
http://www.dsd.state.md.us/comar/subtitle_chapters/13B_Chapters.htm...

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MNSigned into law 05/2009Postsec.
Community College
Course Equivalency Information Requirement.
S.B. 2083
Under current law, the UMN and MnSCU are required to develop and maintain course equivalency guides, for use in considering transferring between higher educational institutions.  This section requires the guides to include information on course equivalency and...

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MNSigned into law 05/2009P-12
Postsec.
Community College
High School-to-College Developmental Transition Programs
S.B. 2083
Establishes a program to offer research-based high school-to-college programs to prepare students for college. Requires an evaluation for participating programs with a working group to develop methods and timelines for data collection and analysis of program e...

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MNSigned into law 05/2009Postsec.
Community College
Notice to Students Regarding Possible Impact of Criminal Records
S.B. 2083
Requires all postsecondary institutions in Minnesota to notify students that criminal arrests, charges or convictions may limit their educational choices and access to financial aid.  The notice must be given at the time the student is accepted and when the st...

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MNSigned into law 05/2009P-12
Postsec.
High School-to-College Developmental Transition Programs
S.F. 2083
Encourages all public higher education systems and other higher education institutions in Minnesota to offer research-based high school-to-college developmental transition programs to prepare students for college-level academic coursework. Defines program requ...

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NHSigned into law 05/2009P-12
Postsec.
Community College
Utilizing Federal Benefits before State Assistance
S.B. 204
This bill requires national guard members seeking New Hampshire postsecondary educational assistance to first utilize certain federal educational benefits and entitlements.
http://www.gencourt.state.nh.us/legislation/2010/sb0204.html...

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NVSigned into law 05/2009Postsec.Energy
S.B. 298
Authorizes the Board of Regents of the University of Nevada to plan for and establish programs for the study of renewable energy resources within the Nevada System of Higher Education. Chapter 217
http://leg.state.nv.us/75th2009/Bills/SB/SB298_EN.pdf...

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ARSigned into law 04/2009Postsec.
Community College
Measurable Exit Standards for Remedial Courses
H.B. 1990
Requires the Higher Education Coordinating Board, in collaboration with state-supported institutions of higher education, to develop by institution uniform measurable exit standards for remedial courses that are comparable to the ACT or SAT equivalent required...

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ARSigned into law 04/2009Postsec.
Community College
Reporting of Postsecondary Remediation
H.B. 1764
Requires the Department of Higher Education to collect information necessary to prepare reports of college achievement of high school graduates from each state institution of higher education; requires the Department and it's Office of Accountability to develo...

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ARSigned into law 04/2009Postsec.
Community College
Repeals Faculty/Administrator Development Fellows Program
S.B. 857
Repeals the faculty/administrator development fellows program that assists state institutions of higher education in increasing the academic qualifications of minority faculty, administrative, and other employees and alumni.
http://www.arkleg.state.ar.us/assem...

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ARSigned into law 04/2009Postsec.
Community College
Campus Security Enhancement Act
H.B. 2135
Enacts the Campus Security Enhancement Act to create a multidisciplinary advisory task force composed of leaders in education, mental health, and law enforcement which shall provide support for designing effective campus security policies and proactive measure...

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WASigned into law 04/2009Postsec.Engineering Courses
S.B. 5276
Eliminates the exclusive authority of the University of Washington and Washington State University to offer civil engineering, mechanical engineering, chemical engineering and aeronautic and astronautic engineering courses. Allows for engineering courses at ot...

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WASigned into law 04/2009Postsec.
Community College
Medical Faculty Work Group
H.B. 1808
Creates a work group with faculty from a paramedic training program and an associate degree nursing program; requires the state board for community and technical colleges to identify a community or technical college offering both a paramedic training program a...

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ARSigned into law 03/2009P-12
Postsec.
Salary Transparency
S.B. 55
Increases salary transparency for administrators in state-supported institutions of higher education.
http://www.arkleg.state.ar.us/assembly/2009/R/Bills/SB55.pdf...

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ARSigned into law 03/2009Postsec.
Community College
Limits on Academic and Performance Scholarships
S.B. 316
Limits the amount of unrestricted educational and general tuition and fee income a state-supported institution of higher education can spend on academic and performance scholarships.
http://www.arkleg.state.ar.us/assembly/2009/R/Bills/SB316.pdf...

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ARSigned into law 03/2009P-12
Postsec.
Comprehensive Higher Education Annual Report
H.B. 1589
Creates the comprehensive higher education annual report; consolidates all current legislatively required reports pertaining to higher education submitted by the department of higher education, colleges and universities, agencies, boards, commissions and all o...

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COSigned into law 03/2009P-12
Postsec.
Education Innovation Institute
S.B. 32
Creates the Education Innovation Institute within the University of Northern Colorado to collaborate with institutions to leverage research, funding, expertise, and other resources, discover and study innovations in teaching and learning, create, pilot, and ad...

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IDSigned into law 03/2009Postsec.Sick Leave
H.B. 18
Amends existing law relating to the Board of Education and employee sick leave to provide that employees of Boise State University who have accrued sick leave and who are transferred or otherwise become eligible employees of the College of Western Idaho shall ...

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VASigned into law 03/2009Postsec.
Community College
Students Called to Active Military Duty
H.B. 1810
Provides that in certain circumstances a student called to active military duty during a course at an institution of higher education may still receive full course
Directs governing boards of each public institution of higher education to implement policies t...

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WASigned into law 03/2009Postsec.Postesecondary information
S.B. 5043
Requires the Higher Education Coordination Board to convene a work group to develop a plan to create a single, coordinated, collaboratively supported, one- stop college information web-based portal for students and families planning, preparing, and applying fo...

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ARSigned into law 02/2009Postsec.
Community College
Tax-Deferred Tuition Savings
S.B. 49
Allows taxpayers to divert all or part of their state income tax refund to a tax-deferred tuition savings program account by designating the contribution on their income tax form; provides that the account must be in existence.
http://www.arkleg.state.ar.us/as...

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OHAdopted 02/2009Postsec.Co-Op/Internship Program
OAC 3333-1-63
Establishes the Co-op/internship program. Defines "Cooperative education program" as a partnership between students, institutions of higher education and employers that formally integrates students' academic study with work experience in cooperating employer o...

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VASigned into law 02/2009Postsec.
Community College
Brown v. Board of Education Scholarship Program
H.B. 1893
Provides that scholarships awarded through the Brown v. Board of Education Scholarship Program may be used to cover the costs of required academic fees, in addition to tuition and textbooks already provided by state law, and graduate study at the masters and d...

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VASigned into law 02/2009Postsec.
Community College
Tuition Assistance for National Guard Members
H.B. 2342
Provides that notwithstanding the eligibility requirement that a member of the National Guard have a minimum of two years remaining on his service requirement in order to receive a grant, if a member is activated or deployed for federal military service or sta...

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VASigned into law 02/2009Postsec.
Community College
Student Advisory Committee Membership
H.B. 1663
Permits the State Council of Higher Education to appoint students enrolled in private, accredited and nonprofit institutions of higher education in the Commonwealth to the student advisory committee whose primary purpose is to provide collegiate or graduate ed...

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ILAdopted 01/2009Postsec.
Community College
Approval of New Units
23 IAC 1050.10, 1050.20, 1050.30, 1050.40, 1050.50, 1050.ILLUSTRATIONA
Clarifies requirements for program approval, procedures for obtaining approval, and requirements for reviews of existing programs at public two- and four-year institutions. Requires the following information to be included in the institution's catalog of progr...

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ILAdopted 01/2009Postsec.Program Approval
23 IAC 1030.10, 1030.20, 1030.30, 1030.60, 1030.70, 1030.80,1030.ILLUSTRATION A
Provides exemptions from program approval requirements. Requires any institution offering online instruction where the core academic support services, including admission, evaluation, assessment, registration, financial aid, academic scheduling, and faculty hi...

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+ Postsecondary Accountability
+ Postsecondary Accountability--Accreditation
+ Postsecondary Accountability--Diploma Mills
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Financial Aid
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Textbooks
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees--Prepd/College Savings Plans
+ Postsecondary Faculty
+ Postsecondary Faculty--Compensation
+ Postsecondary Faculty--Intellectual Property
+ Postsecondary Faculty--Teaching Assistants
+ Postsecondary Finance
+ Postsecondary Finance--Efficiency/Performance-Based Funding
+ Postsecondary Finance--Facilities
+ Postsecondary Governance and Structures
+ Postsecondary Institutions--Community/Technical Colleges
+ Postsecondary Institutions--For-Profit/Proprietary
+ Postsecondary Institutions--Private/Independent
+ Postsecondary Online Instruction
+ Postsecondary Participation
+ Postsecondary Participation--Access
+ Postsecondary Participation--Admissions Requirements
+ Postsecondary Participation--Affirmative Action
+ Postsecondary Participation--Outreach
+ Postsecondary Students
+ Postsecondary Students--Foster Youth
+ Postsecondary Students--Graduate/Professional
+ Postsecondary Students--Military
+ Postsecondary Students--Minority
+ Postsecondary Success--Completion
+ Postsecondary Success--Developmental/Remediation
+ Postsecondary Success--Retention/Persistence
+ Postsecondary Success--Transfer/Articulation
+ Private Schools
+ Privatization
+ Promising Practices
+ Promotion/Retention
+ Public Involvement
+ Reading/Literacy
+ Reading/Literacy--Adult Literacy
+ Religion
+ Religion--Prayer/Meditation
+ Remediation (K-12)
+ Rural
+ Scheduling/School Calendar
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Day/Class Length
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Extended Day Programs
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Summer School
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Week
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Year
+ School Safety
+ School Safety--Bullying Prevention/Conflict Resolution
+ School Safety--Code of Conduct
+ School Safety--Corporal Punishment
+ School Safety--Disaster/Emergency Preparedness
+ School Safety--Expulsion/Suspension
+ School Safety--No Child Left Behind--Safe Schools
+ School Safety--Sexual Harassment and Assault
+ School Safety--Special Education
+ School/District Structure/Operations
+ School/District Structure/Operations--District Consolidation/Deconsolidation
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Facilities
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Food Service
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Libraries
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Personnel (Non-Teaching)
+ School/District Structure/Operations--School Size
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Shared Services
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Transportation
+ Service-Learning
+ Special Education
+ Special Education--Finance
+ Special Education--Placement
+ Special Education--Transition
+ Special Populations--Corrections Education
+ Special Populations--Foster Care
+ Special Populations--Gifted and Talented
+ Special Populations--Homeless Education
+ Special Populations--Immigrant Education
+ Special Populations--Military
+ Standards
+ State Longitudinal Data Systems
+ State Policymaking
+ State Policymaking--Task Forces/Commissions
+ STEM
+ Student Achievement
+ Student Achievement--Closing the Achievement Gap
+ Students
+ Students--Athletics/Extracurricular Activities
+ Students--Employment
+ Students--Mobility
+ Students--Records/Rights
+ Teaching Quality
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Alternative
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Assignment
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Highly Qualified Teachers
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Natl. Bd. for Prof. Teach. Stds.
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Special Education
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--State Prof. Standards Bds.
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Substitute Teachers
+ Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay
+ Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay--Pay-for-Performance
+ Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay--Retirement/Benefits
+ Teaching Quality--Evaluation and Effectiveness
+ Teaching Quality--Induction Programs and Mentoring
+ Teaching Quality--Paraprofessionals
+ Teaching Quality--Preparation
+ Teaching Quality--Professional Development
+ Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention
+ Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention--At-Risk Schools
+ Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention--High-Needs Subjects
+ Teaching Quality--Reduction in Force
+ Teaching Quality--Teacher Attitudes
+ Teaching Quality--Teacher Rights
+ Teaching Quality--Tenure or Continuing Contract
+ Teaching Quality--Unions/Collective Bargaining
+ Teaching Quality--Working Conditions
+ Technology
+ Technology--Computer Skills
+ Technology--Devices/Software/Hardware
+ Technology--Equitable Access
+ Technology--Funding Issues
+ Technology--Teacher/Faculty Training
+ Textbooks and Open Source
+ Urban
+ Urban--Governance