ECS
From the ECS State Policy Database
2009 State Policies / Activities

Education Commission of the States • 700 Broadway, Suite 810 • Denver, CO 80203-3442 • 303.299.3600 • fax 303.296.8332 • www.ecs.org

The following summary includes policies enacted in 2009. This database is made possible by your state's fiscal support of the Education Commission of the States (ECS). Most entries are legislative, although rules/regulations and executive orders that make substantive changes are included. Every effort is made to collect the latest available version of policies; in some instances, recent changes might not be reflected. For expediency purposes minimal attention has been paid to style (capitalization, punctuation) and format. To view the documents, click on the blue triangle next to the topic of interest. To view all, press the button located at the top labeled "Expand All."

Please cite use of the database as: Education Commission of the States (ECS) State Policy Database, retrieved [date].

State Status/Date Level Summary
+ Accountability
+ Accountability--Accreditation
+ Accountability--Measures/Indicators
+ Accountability--Reporting Results
+ Accountability--Rewards
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--No Pass No Drive
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--No Pass No Play
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--Takeovers
+ Accountability--School Improvement
+ Adult Basic Education
+ Assessment
+ Assessment--Accommodations
+ Assessment--College Entrance Exams
+ Assessment--Computer Based
+ Assessment--End-of-Course
+ Assessment--Formative/Interim
+ Assessment--NAEP (NAEP Results and NAEP Organization)
+ Assessment--Performance Based/Portfolio
+ Assessment--Value Added
+ At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)
+ At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)--Alternative Education
+ At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)--Drugs/Alcohol
+ Attendance
+ Attendance--Compulsory
+ Attendance--Statutory Ages (Upper and Lower)
+ Attendance--Truancy
+ Background Checks
+ Bilingual/ESL
+ Business Involvement
+ Career/Technical Education
+ Career/Technical Education--Career Academies/Apprenticeship
+ Cheating
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Charter Districts
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Closings
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Cyber Charters
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Finance
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Research
+ Choice of Schools--Choice/Open Enrollment
+ Choice of Schools--Magnet or Specialized Schools
+ Choice of Schools--Vouchers
+ Civic Education
+ Civic Education--Character Education
+ Civic Education--Pledge of Allegiance
+ Class Size
+ Curriculum
+ Curriculum--Arts Education
+ Curriculum--Core Curriculum
+ Curriculum--Drivers Education
+ Curriculum--Environmental Education
+ Curriculum--Family Living Education
+ Curriculum--Financial Literacy/Economics Ed.
+ Curriculum--Foreign Language/Sign Language
+ Curriculum--Health/Nutrition Education
+ Curriculum--Home Economics
+ Curriculum--International Education
+ Curriculum--Language Arts
+ Curriculum--Language Arts--Writing/Spelling
+ Curriculum--Mathematics
+ Curriculum--Physical Education
+ Curriculum--Science
+ Curriculum--Sex Education
+ Curriculum--Social Studies/History
+ Demographics--Condition of Children/Adults
+ Desegregation
+ Economic/Workforce Development
+ Education Research
+ Equity
+ Federal
+ Finance
+ Finance--Adequacy/Core Cost
+ Finance--Bonds
+ Finance--District
+ Finance--Equity
+ Finance--Facilities
+ Finance--Federal
+ Finance--Funding Formulas
+ Finance--Litigation
+ Finance--Local Foundations/Funds
+ Finance--Lotteries
+ Finance--Resource Efficiency
+ Finance--State Budgets/Expenditures
+ Finance--Student Fees
+ Finance--Taxes/Revenues
+ Finance--Taxes/Revenues--Alternative Revenues
+ Governance
+ Governance--Deregulation/Waivers/Home Rule
+ Governance--Ethics/Conflict of Interest
+ Governance--School Boards
+ Governance--School Boards--Training
+ Governance--Site-Based Management
+ Governance--State Boards/Chiefs/Agencies
+ Health
+ Health--Child Abuse
+ Health--Mental Health
+ Health--Nutrition
+ Health--School Based Clinics or School Nurses
+ Health--Suicide Prevention
+ Health--Teen Pregnancy
+ High School
+ High School--Advanced Placement
+ High School--College Readiness
+ High School--Dropout Rates/Graduation Rates
+ High School--Dual/Concurrent Enrollment
+ High School--Early Colleges/Middle Colleges
+ High School--Exit Exams
+ High School--GED (General Education Development)
+ High School--Graduation Requirements
+ High School--International Baccalaureate
+ Instructional Approaches
+ Instructional Approaches--Grading Practices
+ Instructional Approaches--Homeschooling
+ Instructional Approaches--Problem Based Learning
+ Instructional Approaches--Single-Sex Education
+ Instructional Approaches--Time/Time on Task
+ Integrated Services/Full-Service Schools
+ International Benchmarking
+ Leadership
+ Leadership--District Superintendent
+ Leadership--District Superintendent--Compensation and Diversified Pay
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Certification and Licensure
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Compensation and Diversified Pay
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Evaluation and Effectiveness
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Preparation
+ Middle School
+ Minority/Diversity Issues
+ Minority/Diversity Issues--American Indian / Alaska Native / Native Hawaiian
+ Minority/Diversity Issues--Hispanic
+ No Child Left Behind
+ No Child Left Behind--Adequate Yearly Progress
+ No Child Left Behind--Assessment
+ No Child Left Behind--Choice/Transfer
+ No Child Left Behind--Consequences for Schools
+ No Child Left Behind--Finance
+ No Child Left Behind--Report Cards
+ No Child Left Behind--School Support
+ No Child Left Behind--Supplemental Services
+ Online Learning--Digital/Blended Learning
+ Online Learning--Virtual Schools/Courses
+ P-16 or P-20
+ P-3
+ P-3 Child Care
+ P-3 Content Standards and Assessment
+ P-3 Early Intervention (0-3)
+ P-3 Ensuring Quality
+ P-3 Evaluation/Economic Benefits
+ P-3 Finance
+ P-3 Governance
+ P-3 Grades 1-3
+ P-3 Kindergarten--Full Day Kindergarten
+ P-3 Preschool
+ P-3 Teaching Quality/Professional Development
+ Parent/Family
+ Parent/Family--Parent Rights
+ Partnerships--University/School
+ Postsecondary
+ Postsecondary Accountability
+ Postsecondary Accountability--Accreditation
+ Postsecondary Accountability--Diploma Mills
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Financial Aid
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Textbooks
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees--Prepd/College Savings Plans
+ Postsecondary Faculty
+ Postsecondary Faculty--Compensation
+ Postsecondary Faculty--Intellectual Property
+ Postsecondary Faculty--Teaching Assistants
+ Postsecondary Finance
+ Postsecondary Finance--Efficiency/Performance-Based Funding
+ Postsecondary Finance--Facilities
- Postsecondary Governance and Structures
WIVetoed 12/2009Postsec.Relates to composition of the Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System; provides for membership. Would have created a board of regents of the University of Wisconsin System consisting of the state superintendent of public instruction; the president, or by
his or her designation another member, of the technical college system board and; 14 citizen members appointed for staggered 7-year terms,; and 2 students enrolled at least half-time and in good academic standing at institutions within the University of Wisconsin System who are
residents of this state, for 2-year terms.
http://www.legis.state.wi.us/2009/data/acts/09enSB0223.pdf
Title: S.B. 223
Source: http://www.legis.state.wi.us

TXAdopted 11/2009Postsec.Establishes new rules concerning degree-granting colleges and universities other than Texas public institutions. As stated in the August 7, 2009 Register, "The intent of the re-write is to provide greater transparency of the rules regarding the operation of out-of-state public institutions of higher education or private institutions of higher education in Texas, while leaving the manner in which these institutions are overseen unchanged. To that end, the re-write has incorporated sections of the previous version of Chapter 7 into revised sections of the new version." The August 7, 2009 Register also provides a comment from the higher education coordinating board's assistant commissioner for academic affairs and research that the rewritten sections "will provide greater transparency in the operation and oversight of private institutions of higher education while maintaining the necessary oversight and review of these institutions."
Sections §7.4 and §7.7 adopted as published in the November 27, 2009 Register (pp 33-38 of 62): http://www.sos.state.tx.us/texreg/pdf/backview/1127/1127adop.pdf
Sections 7.1 through 7.3, 7.5, 7.6, and 7.8 through 7.13 adopted as proposed in the August 7, 2009 Register (pp 26-43 of 100): http://www.sos.state.tx.us/texreg/pdf/backview/0807/0807prop.pdf
Title: 19 TAC 1.7.7.1 -.13
Source: www.sos.state.tx.us

CAVetoed 10/2009Postsec.Authorizes each ex officio trustee of the California State University, except the chancellor, to designate a person to attend a meeting or meetings of the trustees at the California State University in his or her absence. Prohibits an ex officio trustee from designating more than one person to attend meetings of the trustees in any calendar year. Bill: http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/09-10/bill/asm/ab_0651-0700/ab_690_bill_20090910_enrolled.pdf Veto message: http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/09-10/bill/asm/ab_0651-0700/ab_690_vt_20091012.html
Title: A.B. 690
Source: www.leginfo.ca.gov

CASigned into law 10/2009Postsec.Requires the department of general services to negotiate and establish a model contract with standard contract provisions with both the regents of the University of California (UC) and the trustees of the California State University (CSU) by July 2010. Requires the trustees, and urges the regents to negotiate and establish with the department of general services the model contract applicable to their university by July 1, 2010.
Defines "contract" to mean a research, training or service agreement between the state and the UC or CSU, or a grant from the state to the UC or CSU for research, training or service. Requires that, to the extent feasible, these standard contract provisions include, but are not necessarily limited to, provisions relating to specified legal issues. Requires that the standard provisions in a model contract agreed upon be used in contracts entered into between the UC or CSU and the state, unless both contracting parties mutually determine that a specific standard contract provision is inappropriate or inadequate for a specific contract. Authorizes the department of general services to use the services of any state agency, defined to include every state office, officer, department, division, bureau, board and commission, in implementing the bill. Makes the universities responsible for the department's costs related to this legislation. http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/09-10/bill/asm/ab_0001-0050/ab_20_bill_20091011_chaptered.pdf
Title: A.B. 20
Source: www.leginfo.ca.gov

WARule Adoption 10/2009Postsec.Amends certain rules on the governance of teacher preparation and certification.
http://apps.leg.wa.gov/WAC/default.aspx?cite=181-78A-325
Title: WAC 181-78A-325
Source: http://apps.leg.wa.gov/WAC

WARule Adoption 10/2009Postsec.Amends certain rules on the governance of teacher preparation and certification.
http://apps.leg.wa.gov/WAC/default.aspx?cite=181-78A-207
Title: WAC 181-78A-205, -207, -209, -250
Source: http://apps.leg.wa.gov/WAC

CAAdopted 08/2009Postsec.Allows the president of each California State University campus to preclude a student from enrolling in any additional state-supported courses when the student has met all conditions for a degree but has not taken the steps to be awarded the degree. Allows each president under such circumstances to take the actions necessary to confer the degree upon the student.
Title: Title 5 CCR Section 40411
Source: Lexis-Nexis/StateNet

TXAdopted 08/2009Postsec.Establishes rules concerning professional development through education and training for higher education coordinating board administrators and employees.
Title: 19 TAC 1.1.A.1.19
Source: Lexis-Nexis/StateNet

TXAdopted 08/2009Postsec.Amends the approval process for new bachelor's and master's programs. Makes the approval of new bachelor's and master's programs automatic if they meet the following criteria:
(1) The program has institutional and board of regents approval
(2) The institution certifies compliance with the Standards for New Bachelor's and Master's Programs developed by the higher education coordinating board
(3) The institution certifies that adequate funds are available to cover the costs of the program
(4) New costs during the first five years of the program would not exceed $2,000,000
(5) The program is a non-engineering program
(6) The program would be offered by a university or health-related institution
(7) No objections to the proposed program are received by the higher education coordinating board during the 30-day public comment period.

Also clarifies the approval process for new undergraduate and graduate certificate programs, and for administrative changes, making either automatic if certain criteria are met. Starting page 9 of 44 (adopted without change as published in May 8, 2009 Register): http://www.sos.state.tx.us/texreg/pdf/backview/0508/0508prop.pdf
Title: 19 TAC 1.5.C.5.44
Source: www.sos.state.tx.us

TXAdopted 08/2009Postsec.Changes the requirement of an off-campus educational unit on the Supply/Demand Pathway of attaining full- time equivalent enrollments of 3,500 from four fall semesters to one semester to become eligible to be a stand-alone institution. Adopted as published without change in May 8, 2009 Register, starting page 12: http://www.sos.state.tx.us/texreg/pdf/backview/0508/0508prop.pdf
Title: 19 TAC 1.5.D.5.78
Source: www.sos.state.tx.us

TXAdopted 08/2009Postsec.Provides that preliminary authority to add a degree program is not necessary for a program that meets the following criteria: (a) the program has institutional and Board of Regents approval, (b) the program is a non-doctoral program, (c) the program is a non-engineering program, and (d) the program would be offered by a university or health-related institution. Allows the Commissioner of Higher Education to approve doctoral-level preliminary authority requests.
Title: 19 TAC 1.5.B.5.24
Source: www.lexis.com

AZSigned into law 07/2009Postsec.Concerns continuation of the Commission for Postsecondary Education. Chapter 58
http://www.azleg.gov/FormatDocument.asp?inDoc=/legtext/49leg/1r/summary/s.1134ed.doc.htm
Title: S.B. 1134
Source: http://www.azleg.gov

OHSigned into law 07/2009Postsec.Establishes "University System of Ohio" as the collective group of all of the state institutions of higher education (as defined in division (A)(1) of section 3345.12, community college, state community college, university branch established under Chapter 3355, or technical college).
Page 1476 of 3120: http://www.legislature.state.oh.us/BillText128/128_HB_1_EN_N.pdf
Title: H.B. 1 - Section 3345.011
Source: www.legislature.state.oh.us

OHSigned into law 07/2009Postsec.Requires boards of trustees of state-assisted institutions of higher education to ensure that faculty members devote a proper and judicious part of their work week to the actual instruction of students. Specifies that total class credit hours of production per quarter per full-time faculty member is expected to meet the standards set forth in the budget data submitted by the chancellor of the board of regents.

Also specifies that the authority of government vested by law in the boards of trustees of state-assisted institutions of higher education must in fact be exercised by those boards. Specifies that administrative decisions about (1) the use of available resources, (2) organizational structure, (3) disciplinary procedure, (4) the operation and staffing of all auxiliary facilities, and (5) adminstrative personnel are the exclusive prerogative of boards of trustees. Requires any delegation of authority in other areas of responsibility to be accompanied by (1) appropriate standards of guidance concerning expected objectives in the exercise of of such delegated authority and (2) periodic review of the exercise of this delegated authority, to the end that public interest, as opposed to any institutional or special interest, is served.
Page 2957 of 3120: http://www.legislature.state.oh.us/BillText128/128_HB_1_EN_N.pdf
Title: H.B. 1 - Section 371.30.10(C) and (D)
Source: www.legislature.state.oh.us

NHSigned into law 06/2009Postsec.
Community College
Changes the effective date for the transition of certain functions within the community college system of New Hampshire from July 1, 2009 to July 1, 2011. Provides that the commissioner of the department of education and the chancellor of the community college system of New Hampshire will annually issue a joint report on the proposed use and distribution of federal vocational funds. Extends the report date of the community college system legislative oversight committee to November 1, 2011. V. Requires the chancellor and the board of trustees of the community college system of New Hampshire to submit a report by September 1, 2009 on the centralization and implementation of its business functions. http://www.gencourt.state.nh.us/legislation/2010/sb0149.html
Title: S.B. 149
Source: http://www.gencourt.state.nh.us

ORSigned into law 06/2009Postsec.Allows the State Board of Higher Education to delegate any of the board's powers, duties or functions, except the power to prescribe enrollment fees, to a committee of the board. Chapter 391
http://www.leg.state.or.us/09reg/measpdf/hb3400.dir/hb3487.en.pdf
Title: S.B. 118
Source: http://www.leg.state.or.us

TXSigned into law 06/2009Postsec.Provides that the term of a student representative on a higher education coordinating board advisory committee may not be less than two years. http://www.legis.state.tx.us/tlodocs/81R/billtext/pdf/SB01729F.pdf
Title: S.B. 1729
Source: www.legis.state.tx.us

TXSigned into law 06/2009Postsec.Creates new Section 61.0904. Directs the higher education coordinating board to conduct a review at least once every 10 years of the institutional groupings under the board's accountability system,
including a review of the criteria for and definitions assigned to those groupings. http://www.legis.state.tx.us/tlodocs/81R/billtext/pdf/HB00051F.pdf
Title: H.B. 51 - Section 7
Source: www.legis.state.tx.us

TXSigned into law 06/2009Postsec.Directs each research university and emerging research university to submit to the coordinating board a strategic plan documenting the institution's strategy to achieve recognition as a research university or enhance the university's reputation as a research university. http://www.legis.state.tx.us/tlodocs/81R/billtext/pdf/HB00051F.pdf
Title: H.B. 51 - Section 1
Source: www.legis.state.tx.us

ALPocket veto by governor 05/2009P-12
Postsec.
Community College
Requires notice of a vacancy in the positions of state superintendent of education and chancellor to be posted by the state board of education. Establishes procedures for the state board to follow in posting such vacancies. Provides the position may not be filled during the required posting period, except in accordance with state law, and must be filled within a certain number of days after the vacancy occurs, although the position may be filled on an interim basis for up to six months. Adds similar provisions for local boards of education filling appointed county and city superintendent vacancies. Adds provisions defining the "board" and "executive officer" of certain specialized state schools such as the Alabama Institute for Deaf and Blind, and the state board in reference to/president of any two-year state college under the auspices of the state board of education. Establishes procedures for the filling of vacancies in the position of executive officer by such boards.
Title: H.B. 64
Source: www.lexis.com

ALSigned into law 05/2009Postsec.Allows the board of trustees of the University of Alabama, the executive committee of the board, or any other committee established by the board to participate in meetings by conference telephone or video conferences if the notice of the meetings is given pursuant to the Open Meetings Act and members of the public are given the opportunity to simultaneously listen to or observe such meetings.
Title: S.B. 138
Source: Lexis-Nexis/StateNet

TXSigned into law 05/2009Postsec.Requires the Texas Workforce Commission and the Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board to enter into a memorandum of understanding for the coordination and administration of the Texas Career Opportunity Grant Program, which reduces the financial barriers to postsecondary career education and training for economically disadvantaged Texans. Authorizes functions assigned to the commission in grant program statute to be assigned to the coordinating board pursuant to the memorandum of understanding. http://www.legis.state.tx.us/tlodocs/81R/billtext/pdf/HB03519F.pdf
Title: H.B. 3519
Source: www.legis.state.tx.us

RIDied 04/2009Postsec.Dissolves the Board of Governors for Higher Education effective January 1, 2010; transfers powers and oversight duties to a new entity, the Board of Trustees for Higher Education, with oversight by the General Assembly. Adds new duties to include include: (1)The establishment and leading the search process for new presidential candidates and providing final approval of the hiring of new presidents at any state institution. (2) Approval of the hiring of new provosts and vice presidents at the institutions. (3) Annual performance reviews of the three institution presidents and deciding whether they should be awarded new employment contracts. (4) Hearing complaints against the colleges, university or their presidents. (5) Coordination with the department of elementary and secondary education and the Rhode Island board of regents for elementary and secondary education in system wide K-16 8 issues. (6) Approval of academic programs and prevention of unnecessary program duplication in the public higher education system. (7) Coordinate curricular credit transfer and other inter-institutional agreements. Sets membership. Effective January 1, 2010, this Board is required to employ a commissioner for higher education who shall serve as an ex-officio member of the board of trustees and secretary of the body. The board of trustees may further employ two (2) clerical employees to assist the commissioner in carrying out his or her charge.
Provides that colleges and universities would become more autonomous in regard to their day-to-day operations, collective bargaining and tuition rate determination.
Title: H.B. 5729
Source: http://www.rilin.state.ri.us/

ILSigned into law 03/2009Community College
Postsec.
Revises provisions of the Public Community College Act regarding violations by members of related boards. Provides that fees to cover the cost of an application under the Private College Act must be deposited into the Private College Academic Quality Assurance Fund. Provides that fees to cover the cost of reviewing application under the Academic Degree Act must be deposited into the Academic Quality Assurance Fund.
Title: S.B. 2603
Source: Lexis-Nexis/StateNet

IDSigned into law 02/2009Postsec.Provides the Administrator of Veterans Services additional power and authority to administer programs offered by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs for the certification and supervision of educational and training opportunities for veterans. Chapter 10
http://www.legislature.idaho.gov/legislation/2009/S1009Bookmark.htm
Title: S.B. 1009
Source: http://www.legislature.idaho.gov

ILAdopted 01/2009Postsec.
Community College
Clarifies requirements for program approval, procedures for obtaining approval, and requirements for reviews of existing programs at public two- and four-year institutions. Requires the following information to be included in the institution's catalog of programs:
--A statement regarding the transferability of college credits, including the fact that the decision to accept transfer credits is determined by the receiving institutions
--A statement as to how the institution will advise students on the nature of the transfer process, including the importance of consulting with institutions to which the
student may seek to transfer
--Evidence of arrangements for the transfer of courses or credits or both to institutional counterparts, when these arrangements exist; these arrangements are also known as articulation agreements
--A statement of the institution's most recent graduation rates as provided by the institution to the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS).

Pages 84-101 of 209: http://www.cyberdriveillinois.com/departments/index/register/register_volume33_issue1.pdf
Title: 23 IAC 1050.10, 1050.20, 1050.30, 1050.40, 1050.50, 1050.ILLUSTRATIONA
Source: www.cyberdriveillinois.com

+ Postsecondary Institutions--Community/Technical Colleges
+ Postsecondary Institutions--For-Profit/Proprietary
+ Postsecondary Institutions--Private/Independent
+ Postsecondary Online Instruction
+ Postsecondary Participation
+ Postsecondary Participation--Access
+ Postsecondary Participation--Admissions Requirements
+ Postsecondary Participation--Affirmative Action
+ Postsecondary Participation--Outreach
+ Postsecondary Students
+ Postsecondary Students--Foster Youth
+ Postsecondary Students--Graduate/Professional
+ Postsecondary Students--Military
+ Postsecondary Students--Minority
+ Postsecondary Success--Completion
+ Postsecondary Success--Completion--Completion Rates (Statistics)
+ Postsecondary Success--Developmental/Remediation
+ Postsecondary Success--Retention/Persistence
+ Postsecondary Success--Transfer/Articulation
+ Private Schools
+ Privatization
+ Promising Practices
+ Promotion/Retention
+ Public Involvement
+ Reading/Literacy
+ Reading/Literacy--Adult Literacy
+ Religion
+ Religion--Prayer/Meditation
+ Rural
+ Scheduling/School Calendar
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Day/Class Length
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Extended Day Programs
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Summer School
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Week
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Year
+ School Safety
+ School Safety--Bullying Prevention/Conflict Resolution
+ School Safety--Code of Conduct
+ School Safety--Corporal Punishment
+ School Safety--Disaster/Emergency Preparedness
+ School Safety--Expulsion/Suspension
+ School Safety--No Child Left Behind--Safe Schools
+ School Safety--Sexual Harassment and Assault
+ School Safety--Special Education
+ School/District Structure/Operations
+ School/District Structure/Operations--District Consolidation/Deconsolidation
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Facilities
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Food Service
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Libraries
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Personnel (Non-Teaching)
+ School/District Structure/Operations--School Size
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Shared Services
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Transportation
+ Service-Learning
+ Special Education
+ Special Education--Finance
+ Special Education--Placement
+ Special Education--Transition
+ Special Populations--Corrections Education
+ Special Populations--Foster Care
+ Special Populations--Gifted and Talented
+ Special Populations--Homeless Education
+ Special Populations--Immigrant Education
+ Special Populations--Military
+ Standards
+ State Longitudinal Data Systems
+ State Policymaking
+ State Policymaking--Task Forces/Commissions
+ STEM
+ Student Achievement
+ Student Achievement--Closing the Achievement Gap
+ Student Supports--Counseling/Guidance
+ Student Supports--Mentoring/Tutoring
+ Student Supports--Remediation
+ Students
+ Students--Athletics/Extracurricular Activities
+ Students--Employment
+ Students--Mobility
+ Students--Records/Rights
+ Teaching Quality
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Alternative
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Assignment
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Highly Qualified Teachers
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Natl. Bd. for Prof. Teach. Stds.
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Special Education
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--State Prof. Standards Bds.
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Substitute Teachers
+ Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay
+ Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay--Pay-for-Performance
+ Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay--Retirement/Benefits
+ Teaching Quality--Evaluation and Effectiveness
+ Teaching Quality--Induction Programs and Mentoring
+ Teaching Quality--Paraprofessionals
+ Teaching Quality--Preparation
+ Teaching Quality--Professional Development
+ Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention
+ Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention--At-Risk Schools
+ Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention--High-Needs Subjects
+ Teaching Quality--Reduction in Force
+ Teaching Quality--Teacher Attitudes
+ Teaching Quality--Teacher Rights
+ Teaching Quality--Tenure or Continuing Contract
+ Teaching Quality--Unions/Collective Bargaining
+ Teaching Quality--Working Conditions
+ Technology
+ Technology--Computer Skills
+ Technology--Devices/Software/Hardware
+ Technology--Equitable Access
+ Technology--Funding Issues
+ Technology--Teacher/Faculty Training
+ Textbooks and Open Source
+ Urban
+ Urban--Governance