ECS
From the ECS State Policy Database
2011 State Policies / Activities

Education Commission of the States • 700 Broadway, Suite 810 • Denver, CO 80203-3442 • 303.299.3600 • fax 303.296.8332 • www.ecs.org

The following summary includes policies enacted in 2011. This database is made possible by your state's fiscal support of the Education Commission of the States (ECS). Most entries are legislative, although rules/regulations and executive orders that make substantive changes are included. Every effort is made to collect the latest available version of policies; in some instances, recent changes might not be reflected. For expediency purposes minimal attention has been paid to style (capitalization, punctuation) and format. To view the documents, click on the blue triangle next to the topic of interest. To view all, press the button located at the top labeled "Expand All."

Please cite use of the database as: Education Commission of the States (ECS) State Policy Database, retrieved [date].

State Status/Date Level Summary
+ 21st Century Skills
+ Accountability
+ Accountability--Accreditation
+ Accountability--Measures/Indicators
+ Accountability--Reporting Results
+ Accountability--Rewards
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--No Pass No Play
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--Takeovers
+ Accountability--School Improvement
+ Adult Basic Education
+ Assessment
+ Assessment--Accommodations
+ Assessment--College Entrance Exams
+ Assessment--Computer Based
+ Assessment--End-of-Course
+ Assessment--Formative/Interim
+ At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)
+ At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)--Alternative Education
+ At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)--Drugs/Alcohol
+ Attendance
+ Attendance--Compulsory
+ Attendance--Truancy
+ Background Checks
+ Bilingual/ESL
+ Business Involvement
+ Career/Technical Education
+ Career/Technical Education--Career Academies/Apprenticeship
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Charter Districts
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Closings
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Cyber Charters
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Finance
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Research
+ Choice of Schools--Choice/Open Enrollment
+ Choice of Schools--Innovation Schools
+ Choice of Schools--Magnet or Specialized Schools
+ Choice of Schools--Tax Credits
+ Choice of Schools--Vouchers
+ Choice of Schools--Vouchers--Privately Funded
+ Civic Education
+ Civic Education--Character Education
+ Civic Education--Civic Knowledge and Literacy
+ Civic Education--Pledge of Allegiance
+ Class Size
+ Curriculum
+ Curriculum--Arts Education
+ Curriculum--Drivers Education
+ Curriculum--Financial Literacy/Economics Ed.
+ Curriculum--Foreign Language/Sign Language
+ Curriculum--Health/Nutrition Education
+ Curriculum--Language Arts
+ Curriculum--Mathematics
+ Curriculum--Physical Education
+ Curriculum--Science
+ Curriculum--Sex Education
+ Curriculum--Social Studies/History
+ Data-Driven Improvement
+ Demographics--Enrollments
+ Desegregation
+ Economic/Workforce Development
+ Equity
+ Federal
+ Finance
+ Finance--Adequacy/Core Cost
+ Finance--Aid to Private Schools
+ Finance--Bonds
+ Finance--District
+ Finance--Facilities
+ Finance--Federal
+ Finance--Funding Formulas
+ Finance--Local Foundations/Funds
+ Finance--Lotteries
+ Finance--Performance Funding
+ Finance--Private Giving
+ Finance--Resource Efficiency
+ Finance--State Budgets/Expenditures
+ Finance--Student Fees
+ Finance--Taxes/Revenues
+ Finance--Taxes/Revenues--Alternative Revenues
+ Governance
+ Governance--Deregulation/Waivers/Home Rule
+ Governance--Ethics/Conflict of Interest
+ Governance--Mandates
+ Governance--School Boards
+ Governance--School Boards--Training
+ Governance--Site-Based Management
+ Governance--State Boards/Chiefs/Agencies
+ Health
+ Health--Child Abuse
+ Health--Mental Health
+ Health--Nutrition
+ Health--School Based Clinics or School Nurses
+ Health--Suicide Prevention
+ High School
+ High School--Advanced Placement
+ High School--College Readiness
+ High School--Dropout Rates/Graduation Rates
+ High School--Dual/Concurrent Enrollment
+ High School--Early Colleges/Middle Colleges
+ High School--Exit Exams
+ High School--GED (General Education Development)
+ High School--Graduation Requirements
+ High School--International Baccalaureate
+ Instructional Approaches--Grading Practices
+ Instructional Approaches--Homeschooling
+ Integrated Services/Full-Service Schools
+ Leadership
+ Leadership--District Superintendent
+ Leadership--District Superintendent--Compensation and Diversified Pay
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Certification and Licensure
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Compensation and Diversified Pay
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Evaluation and Effectiveness
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Induction Programs and Mentoring
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Preparation
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Preparation--Alternative
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Professional Development
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Tenure
+ Middle School
+ Minority/Diversity Issues
+ Minority/Diversity Issues--African American
+ Minority/Diversity Issues--American Indian / Alaska Native / Native Hawaiian
+ No Child Left Behind--Adequate Yearly Progress
+ No Child Left Behind--Assessment
+ No Child Left Behind--Consequences for Schools
+ No Child Left Behind--Report Cards
+ No Child Left Behind--School Support
+ No Child Left Behind--Supplemental Services
+ Online Learning--Digital/Blended Learning
+ Online Learning--Virtual Schools/Courses
+ P-16 or P-20
+ P-3
+ P-3 Child Care
+ P-3 Content Standards and Assessment
+ P-3 Ensuring Quality
+ P-3 Finance
+ P-3 Governance
+ P-3 Grades 1-3
+ P-3 Health and Mental Health
+ P-3 Kindergarten
+ P-3 Kindergarten--Full-Day Kindergarten
+ P-3 Preschool
+ P-3 Special Ed./Inclusion
+ P-3 Teaching Quality/Professional Development
+ Parent/Family
+ Postsecondary
+ Postsecondary Accountability
+ Postsecondary Accountability--Accreditation
+ Postsecondary Accountability--Student Learning
+ Postsecondary Affordability
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Financial Aid
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Textbooks
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees--Prepd/College Savings Plans
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees--Undocumented Immigrants
+ Postsecondary Faculty
+ Postsecondary Faculty--Compensation
+ Postsecondary Faculty--Intellectual Property
+ Postsecondary Faculty--Tenure
+ Postsecondary Finance
+ Postsecondary Finance--Efficiency/Performance-Based Funding
- Postsecondary Finance--Facilities
NDSigned into law 11/2011Postsec.Amends and reenacts section 15 of chapter 3 of the 2011 Session Laws, relating to authorization of the state board of higher education to issue revenue bonds; to provide legislative intent; to provide an appropriation; and to provide an effective date.
http://legis.nd.gov/assembly/62-2011/special-session/documents/11-0853-03000.pdf
Title: H.B. 1477
Source: http://legis.nd.gov

PASigned into law 11/2011P-12
Postsec.
Increases the maximum amount of a contract before it must be put out for bids. Under current law, a district must seek written or phone price quotes from at least three contractors or suppliers for contracts over $4,000 but not more than $10,000. This increases those limits to $10,000 and $18,500, respectively. Increases point at which a district must advertise for bidders in a newspaper to $18,500. For projects costing $10,000 or less, districts could use their own maintenance staff. Provides that all these limits in the future increase based on the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers, with an annual cap of 3 percent. Applies to all publc school entities, the Thaddeus Stevens College of Technology, and the universitites of the Pennsylvania State Sytstem of Higher Education.
http://www.legis.state.pa.us/CFDOCS/Legis/PN/Public/btCheck.cfm?txtType=PDF&sessYr=2011&sessInd=0&billBody=S&billTyp=B&billNbr=0296&pn=1597

Title: S.B. 296
Source: http://www.legis.state.pa.us

CASigned into law 10/2011Postsec.From bill summary: Expands the Best Value Construction Contract Pilot Program, which currently allows a University of California campus in San Francisco to award construction contracts based on the best
value procedures, to apply to all campuses of the University of California, including the medical centers, for projects over $1,000,000. Requires the Regents of the University of California to adopt and publish procedures and required guidelines for evaluating the qualifications of the bidders to ensure that best value selections by the university are conducted in a fair and impartial manner. Requires the Regents of the University of California to submit a report on the pilot program before January 1, 2016. Extends the pilot program until January 1, 2017. Makes conforming changes to related provisions. http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/11-12/bill/sen/sb_0801-0850/sb_835_bill_20111008_chaptered.pdf
Title: S.B. 835
Source: www.leginfo.ca.gov

CASigned into law 09/2011Postsec.Amends definition of a "private college" or "private participating college" for purposes of the California Educational Facilities Authority to mean a private college that does not restrict the admission of a student based on his/her race or ethnicity, provided that the financing does not violate specified constitutional provisions. http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/11-12/bill/asm/ab_1151-1200/ab_1163_bill_20110907_chaptered.pdf
Title: A.B. 1163
Source: www.leginfo.ca.gov

NYSigned into law 08/2011Postsec.Relates to the eligibility of certain independent not-for-profit institutions of higher education to receive assistance from the New York power authority in establishing energy efficiency and clean energy initiatives. http://assembly.state.ny.us/leg/?default_fld=%0D%0A&bn=S03755&term=2011&Summary=Y&Actions=Y&Text=Y
Title: S.B. 3755
Source: assembly.state.ny.us

SCSigned into law 08/2011Postsec.
Transparency and Efficiency
Requires each public institution of higher learning to maintain a transaction register that includes a complete record of all funds expended, from whatever source for whatever purpose. Provides that the register must be prominently posted on the institution's Internet website and made available for public viewing and downloading. Grants the State Board for Technical and Comprehensive Education the authority to employ and administer certain administrative efficiency provisions.

Comprehensive Human Resources System
Directs the State Budget and Control Board's State Office of Human Resources to participate with five representatives selected by the respective presidents of the public institutions of higher learning and technical colleges to represent all of the public institutions of higher learning and technical colleges to study, develop, and recommend a separate, comprehensive human resources system for the public institutions of higher learning and technical colleges. Provides that the recommendation must include, but not be limited to, prescription of a methodology to establish a uniform compensation and classification plan among the public institutions of higher learning and technical colleges.

Facility and Procurement
Defines "permanent improvement project" for institutions of higher learning and revises the procurement statutory provisions.

Public Vote for Tuition Change
When the governing board of a public institution of higher learning, excluding technical colleges, adopts a change to the tuition or fees imposed on students, the change may be implemented by the institution only after a public vote with the number of trustees voting for and against the change being counted. http://www.scstatehouse.gov/sess119_2011-2012/bills/172.htm
Title: S.B. 172
Source: http://www.scstatehouse.gov

OHSigned into law 06/2011P-12
Postsec.
Sections 9.33 to 9.335: Makes certain provisions related to a public authority's contracting for construction (that are already applicable to school districts) applicable to any state institution of higher education. Defines "construction manager at risk" as a person with substantial discretion and authority to plan, coordinate, manage, direct and construct all phases of a project for the construction, demolition, alteration, repair or reconstruction of any public building, structure or other improvement and who provides the public authority a guaranteed maximum price. Defines "open book pricing method" as a method in which a construction manager at risk provides the public authority, at the public authority's request, all books, records, documents, and other data in its possession pertaining to the bidding, pricing, or performance of a construction management contract awarded to the construction manager at risk.

In provisions related to negotiating with a construction manager or a construction manager at risk, specifies that nothing affects a public authority's right to accept or reject any or all proposals in whole or in part. Creates similar provisions for a public authority's selection of a construction manager at risk; requires among other provisions that the contract negotiations be directed toward agreeing upon a procedure and schedule for determining a guaranteed maximum price using an open book pricing method that must represent the total maximum amount to be paid by the public authority to the construction manager at risk for the project. Requires a construction manager at risk to provide a surety bond to the public authority before beginning construction.

Section 153.01: Releases from specified requirements any construction management contract entered into with a construction manager at risk, or a design-build contract entered into with a design-build firm as described in section 153.693. Increases the minimum cost of a project that would trigger reporting requirements of 153.01 from $50,000 to $200,000, or the amount determined pursuant to 153.53.

Section 153.02: Specifies that the director of administrative services may debar a contractor on the director's own initiative or upon request of the Ohio school facilities commission. Permits a contractor to be debarred from contract awards for projects as defined in Section 3318.01 ("a project to construct or acquire classroom facilities, or to reconstruct or make additions to existing classroom facilities, to be used for housing the applicable school district and its functions").
Pages 38-43 and 306-307 of 1000: http://www.legislature.state.oh.us/BillText129/129_HB_153_EN_part1.pdf
Title: H.B. 153 - K-12 and Higher Education Construction Contracts
Source: www.legislature.state.oh.us

OHSigned into law 06/2011P-12
Postsec.
Directs public entities (including a state agency and a state institution of higher education), upon completion of a capital facilities project funded wholly or partially through state funds, to submit a report about the project to the director of administrative services. Requires that the report provide the total original contract bid, total cost of change orders, total actual cost of the project, total costs incurred for mediation and
litigation services, and any other data requested by the director. Provides that this reporting requirement applies to any capital facilities project completed on or after July 1, 2011, with the exception of facilities projects funded wholly or in part through appropriations made to the Ohio school facilities commission, the Ohio public works commission, or the Ohio cultural facilities commission, or for which a joint use agreement has been entered into with any public entity. Requires the attorney general to report annually, beginning by July 2012, on any mediation and litigation costs associated with capital facilities projects for which a judgment has been rendered. Pages 197-198 of 1000: http://www.legislature.state.oh.us/BillText129/129_HB_153_EN_part1.pdf
Title: H.B. 153 - Reporting on Costs of Capital Facilities Projects
Source: www.legislature.state.oh.us

OHSigned into law 06/2011Community College
Postsec.
Creates new section to outline the capital bonding requirements for community colleges. Pages 336-339 of 1000: http://www.legislature.state.oh.us/BillText129/129_HB_153_EN_part1.pdf
Title: H.B. 153 - Capital Bonding Requirements for Community Colleges
Source: www.legislature.state.oh.us

OHSigned into law 06/2011P-12
Postsec.
Permits a district board to rent or lease facilities under its control to any public or nonpublic institution of higher education for the institution's use in providing evening and summer classes. Page 160 of 1000: http://www.legislature.state.oh.us/BillText129/129_HB_153_EN_part2.pdf
Title: H.B. 153 - Renting Facilities to Postsecondary Institutions
Source: www.legislature.state.oh.us

OHSigned into law 06/2011P-12
Postsec.
Authorizes the the board of trustees of a state institution, with the approval of the chancellor of the Ohio board of regents and the controlling board, to enter into a financing agreement with a conduit entity (i.e., 501(c)(3)) and an independent funding source selected either through a competitive selection process or by direct negotiations, and to convey to the conduit entity title to any auxiliary facilities (as defined in 3345.12 http://codes.ohio.gov/orc/3345.12) owned by the state institution pursuant to the terms of a financing agreement. Establishes the parameters for such a financing agreement. Permits the state institution and the conduit entity to enter into such other management agreements or other contracts regarding the conveyed property the parties deem appropriate, including agreements allowing the state institution to maintain or administer the conveyed property and collect and disburse revenues from the conveyed property on behalf of the conduit entity. Requires that the conveyed property retain its exemption from property taxes and assessments as though title to the conveyed property were held by the state institution during any part of a tax year that title is held by the conduit entity. Pages 455-456 of 1000: http://www.legislature.state.oh.us/BillText129/129_HB_153_EN_part2.pdf
Title: H.B. 153 - Auxiliary Facilities May Be Transferred to 501(c)(3)
Source: www.legislature.state.oh.us

OHSigned into law 06/2011P-12
Postsec.
Permits each university to enter into a lease agreement with a nonpublic vendor to provide housing services in campus housing facilities to students of the university. Permits the lease agreement to require the vendor to construct new campus housing facilities to serve students. Provides that such leases must be for at least 20 years but no longer than 30 years.
Pages 456-457 of 1000: http://www.legislature.state.oh.us/BillText129/129_HB_153_EN_part2.pdf
Title: H.B. 153 - Leasing Campus Housing Facilities to Nonpublic Vendors
Source: www.legislature.state.oh.us

TXSigned into law 06/2011Postsec.From fiscal analysis: Establishes high-performance sustainable-design standards for the construction or renovation of state buildings, including those of institutions of higher education. Makes the State Energy Conservation Office (SECO) responsible for setting, with the assistance of an advisory commission, applicable design and construction standards. Provides minimum standards must achieve a 15% reduction in water use compared to relevant plumbing fixtures identified in the Energy Policy Act of 1992. Exempts institutions of higher education that take certain actions.
Bill text: http://www.capitol.state.tx.us/tlodocs/82R/billtext/pdf/HB00051F.pdf#navpanes=0
Fiscal analysis: http://www.capitol.state.tx.us/tlodocs/82R/fiscalnotes/pdf/HB00051F.pdf#navpanes=0

PERFORMANCE, SUSTAINABLE DESIGN,
CONSTRUCTION, AND RENOVATION STANDARDS FOR CERTAIN FACILITIES
Title: H.B. 51
Source: www.capitol.state.tx.us

TXSigned into law 06/2011Community College
Postsec.
Adds junior colleges to provisions in property code relating to property presumed to be abandoned and valued at $100 or less. http://www.capitol.state.tx.us/tlodocs/82R/billtext/pdf/HB00650F.pdf#navpanes=0
Title: H.B. 650
Source: www.capitol.state.tx.us

TXSigned into law 06/2011P-12
Postsec.
Requires each political subdivision, institution of higher education or state agency to establish a goal to reduce electric consumption by at least 5% each state fiscal year for 10 years, starting September 1, 2011. Requires each such entity that does not meet its goal to include in its report justification that the entity has already implemented all available cost-effective measures. Provides for an exemption. Provides for the calculation of the amount of energy savings and estimated reduction in pollution achieved as a result of the implementation of programs. Requires this information to be shared with the Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and the Electric Reliability Council of Texas to help with long-term forecasting and in estimating pollution reduction. http://www.legis.state.tx.us/tlodocs/82R/billtext/pdf/SB00898F.pdf#navpanes=0
Title: S.B. 898
Source: www.legis.state.tx.us

TXSigned into law 06/2011Postsec.Establishes an expedited process for a project (i.e., aquisition, construction, repair or rehabilitation of a building or other facility). Provides that board approval of a project at an institutuion of higher education if the
institution notifies the board of the project and certifies certain elements to the board. Requires board staff to promptly review such a certification and notify the institution whether the certification is sufficient, in which event the project is considered approved by the board. Specifies these provisions do not apply to a project that is a new branch campus, a new off-campus educational unit, or a new higher education center. Pages 16-17 of 38: http://www.legis.state.tx.us/tlodocs/82R/billtext/pdf/SB00005F.pdf#navpanes=0
Title: S.B. 5 - Expedited Process for Certain Projects
Source: www.legis.state.tx.us

TXSigned into law 06/2011Postsec.Requires a university system or institution of higher education to account for all personal property as defined by the comptroller. Requires the property records of a university system or institution of higher education to accurately reflect at all times the personal property possessed by the system or institution. Requires each university system or institution of higher education's chief executive officer to designate one or more property managers, to maintain the records required and be the custodian of all personal property possessed by the system or institution. Pages 28-29 of 38: http://www.legis.state.tx.us/tlodocs/82R/billtext/pdf/SB00005F.pdf#navpanes=0
Title: S.B. 5 - Property Management
Source: www.legis.state.tx.us

FLSigned into law 05/2011Postsec.From Legislative Budget Committee Summary:

Coenrollment in Public Schools and Adult Education Programs
Prohibits funding for coenrollment in public schools and adult general education programs, except that for the 2011-2012 fiscal year students may enroll in core courses for credit recovery or dropout prevention for up to two courses. Provides that high school students are exempt from the payment of block tuition for general adult education programs.

Facilities
Expands the class size reduction lottery bond program to include other educational facilities. Suspends temporarily the state match for facilities and operating challenge grant programs for colleges and universities, effective July 1, 2011. Provides that existing eligible donations will remain eligible for future match and that the suspension may be removed once $200 million of the grant backlog has been matched. Allows a university board of trustees to expend carry-forward balances from prior year operational appropriations on legislatively approved fixed capital outlay projects authorized for the establishment of a new campus.

Finance
Streamlines library operations through consolidation and joint purchasing. Requires creation of a union catalog for higher education. Requires the Florida College System Council of Presidents to develop and recommend an equitable funding formula for the distribution of certain state funds to the college system institutions. Provides for the use of a funding formula to ensure equitable distribution of district workforce funds. Provides a $200,000 limit on the amount of state funds that may be paid for salaries of college and university presidents and administrative employees. Terminates the University Concurrency Trust Fund.

Finanical Aid/Scholarships
Increases the Florida Medallion Scholarship test scores in 2013-2014, from 1050 to 1170 for SAT, including the applicable home school test scores. Increases or establishes required community service hours for Bright Futures applicants. Requires applicants for Bright Futures, and certain other programs to submit the Free Application for Federal Student Aid prior to disbursement of funds. Prioritizes state student financial aid to the neediest (Pell eligible) students for the Florida Work Experience Program and the First Generation in College Program.

Northwest Regional Data Center
Designates the Northwest Regional Data Center as a primary data center.

Student Enrollment Pilot Program
Authorizes a spring and summer term student enrollment pilot program at the University of Florida for the purpose of aligning student enrollment and the availability of instructional facilities. Authorizes Bright Futures scholarships in the summer for these students.

Transient Student Admission
Authorizes the implementation of a transient student admission application process through the Florida Academic Counseling Tracking for Students system to include admissions, readmissions, financial aid, and transfer of credit functions. Authorizes a fee of $5 to support the system.

Tuition
Provides an exemption from the 30 percent need-based expenditure requirement from the tuition differential fee if the university has covered the entire tuition and fee costs of all resident students who are eligible for need-based aid. Authorizes alternative documentation for tuition fee waivers for Purple Heart veterans. Increases the tuition surcharge for excess hours to 100 percent in excess of 115 percent of the credit hours required for a degree. Requires a block tuition and corresponding out-of-state fee for students enrolled in adult general education courses. Removes fee exemptions for certain students and requires residency of students to be documented. http://laws.flrules.org/files/Ch_2011-063.pdf
Title: S.B. 2150
Source: http://laws.flrules.org

NYSigned into law 03/2011Postsec.Provides that the state university trustees may acquire property by the acceptance of conditional gifts, grants, devises or bequests. Provides that fund procurement by state and city university trustees is not subject to the prior approval of any state officer or agency. Repeals provision that requires the attorney general and comptroller to review any state university construction contract awarded. Adds provision that for state university health care facilities, the trustees may authorize contracts for services up to $75,000 without the prior approval of any other state officer or agency

Repeals dollar amount limits related to state university and city university trustees' purchase of (1) materials, equipment and supplies, including computer equipment and motor vehicles; (2) construction; and (3) printing contracts, and provides that any contract made by or for the state university for these, and construction-related services, is not subject to prior approval by any other state officer or agency. Adds new language authorizing state and city university trustees to execute contracts for up to $20,000 without prior approval by any state officer or agency, but subject to specified state policies, and to negotiate increases in such dollar amounts with the state comptroller. Adds new language that guidelines promulgated by the state and city university boards of trustees must require that competitive proposals be solicited for purchases, and must include requirements that purchases and contracts be at the lowest available price.
Chapter 58 http://assembly.state.ny.us/leg/?default_fld=&bn=S02808&Summary=Y&Memo=Y&Text=Y
Title: S.B. 2808 - Part D, Subparts A and B
Source: assembly.state.ny.us

SDSigned into law 03/2011Postsec.Authorize the Board of Regents to expend higher education facilities funds to maintain and repair certain facilities occupied under capital leases.
http://legis.state.sd.us/sessions/2011/Bill.aspx?File=HB1008ENR.htm
Title: H.B. 1008
Source: http://legis.state.sd.us

+ Postsecondary Finance--Revenue and Expenditures
+ Postsecondary Governance and Structures
+ Postsecondary Governance and Structures--Administrative/Leadership Issues
+ Postsecondary Governance and Structures--State Executives/State Agencies
+ Postsecondary Institutions
+ Postsecondary Institutions--Community/Technical Colleges
+ Postsecondary Institutions--For-Profit/Proprietary
+ Postsecondary Institutions--Four-Year Baccalaureate
+ Postsecondary Institutions--HBCUs/Minority-Serving Institutions
+ Postsecondary Institutions--Private/Independent
+ Postsecondary Online Instruction
+ Postsecondary Participation--Access
+ Postsecondary Participation--Admissions Requirements
+ Postsecondary Participation--Affirmative Action
+ Postsecondary Participation--Enrollments (Statistics)
+ Postsecondary Students
+ Postsecondary Students--Adults
+ Postsecondary Students--Disabled
+ Postsecondary Students--Foster Youth
+ Postsecondary Students--Graduate/Professional
+ Postsecondary Students--International
+ Postsecondary Students--Low-Income
+ Postsecondary Students--Military
+ Postsecondary Students--Minority
+ Postsecondary Success
+ Postsecondary Success--Completion
+ Postsecondary Success--Completion--Completion Rates (Statistics)
+ Postsecondary Success--Developmental/Remediation
+ Postsecondary Success--Retention/Persistence
+ Postsecondary Success--Transfer/Articulation
+ Private Schools
+ Privatization
+ Promising Practices
+ Promotion/Retention
+ Public Involvement
+ Reading/Literacy
+ Reading/Literacy--Adult Literacy
+ Religion
+ Rural
+ Scheduling/School Calendar
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Day/Class Length
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Extended Day Programs
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Summer School
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Week
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Year
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Year Round
+ School Climate/Culture
+ School Safety
+ School Safety--Bullying Prevention/Conflict Resolution
+ School Safety--Code of Conduct
+ School Safety--Corporal Punishment
+ School Safety--Disaster/Emergency Preparedness
+ School Safety--Expulsion/Suspension
+ School Safety--Sexual Harassment and Assault
+ School Safety--Special Education
+ School Safety--Uniforms/Dress Codes
+ School/District Structure/Operations
+ School/District Structure/Operations--District Consolidation/Deconsolidation
+ School/District Structure/Operations--District Size
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Facilities
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Food Service
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Libraries
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Personnel (Non-Teaching)
+ School/District Structure/Operations--School Size
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Shared Services
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Staffing Ratios
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Transportation
+ Service-Learning
+ Special Education
+ Special Education--Federal Law/Regulations
+ Special Education--Finance
+ Special Education--Placement
+ Special Education--Transition
+ Special Populations--Corrections Education
+ Special Populations--Foster Care
+ Special Populations--Gifted and Talented
+ Special Populations--Homeless Education
+ Special Populations--Immigrant Education
+ Special Populations--Migrant Education
+ Special Populations--Military
+ Standards
+ Standards--Common Core State Standards
+ State Longitudinal Data Systems
+ State Policymaking
+ State Policymaking--Task Forces/Commissions
+ STEM
+ Student Achievement
+ Student Supports
+ Student Supports--Counseling/Guidance
+ Student Supports--Mentoring/Tutoring
+ Student Supports--Remediation
+ Student Surveys
+ Students--Athletics/Extracurricular Activities
+ Students--Employment
+ Students--Incentives
+ Students--Records/Rights
+ Teaching Quality
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Alternative
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Assignment
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Highly Qualified Teachers
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Natl. Bd. for Prof. Teach. Stds.
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Special Education
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--State Prof. Standards Bds.
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Substitute Teachers
+ Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay
+ Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay--Pay-for-Performance
+ Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay--Retirement/Benefits
+ Teaching Quality--Evaluation and Effectiveness
+ Teaching Quality--Induction Programs and Mentoring
+ Teaching Quality--Paraprofessionals
+ Teaching Quality--Preparation
+ Teaching Quality--Professional Development
+ Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention
+ Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention--At-Risk Schools
+ Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention--High-Needs Subjects
+ Teaching Quality--Reduction in Force
+ Teaching Quality--Teacher Attitudes
+ Teaching Quality--Teacher Rights
+ Teaching Quality--Tenure or Continuing Contract
+ Teaching Quality--Unions/Collective Bargaining
+ Teaching Quality--Unions/Collective Bargaining--Strikes
+ Technology
+ Technology--Devices/Software/Hardware
+ Technology--Equitable Access
+ Technology--Funding Issues
+ Technology--Teacher/Faculty Training
+ Textbooks and Open Source
+ Urban--Change/Improvements