ECS
From the ECS State Policy Database
2011 State Policies / Activities

Education Commission of the States • 700 Broadway, Suite 810 • Denver, CO 80203-3442 • 303.299.3600 • fax 303.296.8332 • www.ecs.org

The following summary includes policies enacted in 2011. This database is made possible by your state's fiscal support of the Education Commission of the States (ECS). Most entries are legislative, although rules/regulations and executive orders that make substantive changes are included. Every effort is made to collect the latest available version of policies; in some instances, recent changes might not be reflected. For expediency purposes minimal attention has been paid to style (capitalization, punctuation) and format. To view the documents, click on the blue triangle next to the topic of interest. To view all, press the button located at the top labeled "Expand All."

Please cite use of the database as: Education Commission of the States (ECS) State Policy Database, retrieved [date].

State Status/Date Level Summary
+ 21st Century Skills
+ Accountability
+ Accountability--Accreditation
+ Accountability--Measures/Indicators
+ Accountability--Reporting Results
+ Accountability--Rewards
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--No Pass No Play
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--Takeovers
+ Accountability--School Improvement
+ Adult Basic Education
+ Assessment
+ Assessment--Accommodations
+ Assessment--College Entrance Exams
+ Assessment--Computer Based
+ Assessment--End-of-Course
+ Assessment--Formative/Interim
+ At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)
+ At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)--Alternative Education
+ At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)--Drugs/Alcohol
+ Attendance
+ Attendance--Compulsory
+ Attendance--Truancy
+ Background Checks
+ Bilingual/ESL
+ Business Involvement
+ Career/Technical Education
+ Career/Technical Education--Career Academies/Apprenticeship
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Charter Districts
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Closings
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Cyber Charters
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Finance
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Research
+ Choice of Schools--Choice/Open Enrollment
+ Choice of Schools--Innovation Schools
+ Choice of Schools--Magnet or Specialized Schools
+ Choice of Schools--Tax Credits
+ Choice of Schools--Vouchers
+ Choice of Schools--Vouchers--Privately Funded
+ Civic Education
+ Civic Education--Character Education
+ Civic Education--Civic Knowledge and Literacy
+ Civic Education--Pledge of Allegiance
+ Class Size
+ Curriculum
+ Curriculum--Arts Education
+ Curriculum--Drivers Education
+ Curriculum--Financial Literacy/Economics Ed.
+ Curriculum--Foreign Language/Sign Language
+ Curriculum--Health/Nutrition Education
+ Curriculum--Language Arts
+ Curriculum--Mathematics
+ Curriculum--Physical Education
+ Curriculum--Science
+ Curriculum--Sex Education
+ Curriculum--Social Studies/History
+ Data-Driven Improvement
+ Demographics--Enrollments
+ Desegregation
+ Economic/Workforce Development
+ Equity
+ Federal
+ Finance
+ Finance--Adequacy/Core Cost
+ Finance--Aid to Private Schools
+ Finance--Bonds
+ Finance--District
+ Finance--Facilities
+ Finance--Federal
+ Finance--Funding Formulas
+ Finance--Local Foundations/Funds
+ Finance--Lotteries
+ Finance--Performance Funding
+ Finance--Private Giving
+ Finance--Resource Efficiency
+ Finance--State Budgets/Expenditures
+ Finance--Student Fees
+ Finance--Taxes/Revenues
+ Finance--Taxes/Revenues--Alternative Revenues
+ Governance
+ Governance--Deregulation/Waivers/Home Rule
+ Governance--Ethics/Conflict of Interest
+ Governance--Mandates
+ Governance--School Boards
+ Governance--School Boards--Training
+ Governance--Site-Based Management
+ Governance--State Boards/Chiefs/Agencies
+ Health
+ Health--Child Abuse
+ Health--Mental Health
+ Health--Nutrition
+ Health--School Based Clinics or School Nurses
+ Health--Suicide Prevention
+ High School
+ High School--Advanced Placement
+ High School--College Readiness
+ High School--Dropout Rates/Graduation Rates
+ High School--Dual/Concurrent Enrollment
+ High School--Early Colleges/Middle Colleges
+ High School--Exit Exams
+ High School--GED (General Education Development)
+ High School--Graduation Requirements
+ High School--International Baccalaureate
+ Instructional Approaches--Grading Practices
+ Instructional Approaches--Homeschooling
+ Integrated Services/Full-Service Schools
+ Leadership
+ Leadership--District Superintendent
+ Leadership--District Superintendent--Compensation and Diversified Pay
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Certification and Licensure
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Compensation and Diversified Pay
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Evaluation and Effectiveness
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Induction Programs and Mentoring
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Preparation
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Preparation--Alternative
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Professional Development
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Tenure
+ Middle School
+ Minority/Diversity Issues
+ Minority/Diversity Issues--African American
+ Minority/Diversity Issues--American Indian / Alaska Native / Native Hawaiian
+ No Child Left Behind--Adequate Yearly Progress
+ No Child Left Behind--Assessment
+ No Child Left Behind--Consequences for Schools
+ No Child Left Behind--Report Cards
+ No Child Left Behind--School Support
+ No Child Left Behind--Supplemental Services
+ Online Learning--Digital/Blended Learning
+ Online Learning--Virtual Schools/Courses
+ P-16 or P-20
+ P-3
+ P-3 Child Care
+ P-3 Content Standards and Assessment
+ P-3 Ensuring Quality
+ P-3 Finance
+ P-3 Governance
+ P-3 Grades 1-3
+ P-3 Health and Mental Health
+ P-3 Kindergarten
+ P-3 Kindergarten--Full-Day Kindergarten
+ P-3 Preschool
+ P-3 Special Ed./Inclusion
+ P-3 Teaching Quality/Professional Development
+ Parent/Family
+ Postsecondary
+ Postsecondary Accountability
+ Postsecondary Accountability--Accreditation
+ Postsecondary Accountability--Student Learning
+ Postsecondary Affordability
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Financial Aid
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Textbooks
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees--Prepd/College Savings Plans
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees--Undocumented Immigrants
+ Postsecondary Faculty
+ Postsecondary Faculty--Compensation
+ Postsecondary Faculty--Intellectual Property
+ Postsecondary Faculty--Tenure
+ Postsecondary Finance
+ Postsecondary Finance--Efficiency/Performance-Based Funding
+ Postsecondary Finance--Facilities
+ Postsecondary Finance--Revenue and Expenditures
+ Postsecondary Governance and Structures
+ Postsecondary Governance and Structures--Administrative/Leadership Issues
+ Postsecondary Governance and Structures--State Executives/State Agencies
+ Postsecondary Institutions
+ Postsecondary Institutions--Community/Technical Colleges
+ Postsecondary Institutions--For-Profit/Proprietary
+ Postsecondary Institutions--Four-Year Baccalaureate
+ Postsecondary Institutions--HBCUs/Minority-Serving Institutions
+ Postsecondary Institutions--Private/Independent
+ Postsecondary Online Instruction
+ Postsecondary Participation--Access
+ Postsecondary Participation--Admissions Requirements
+ Postsecondary Participation--Affirmative Action
+ Postsecondary Participation--Enrollments (Statistics)
+ Postsecondary Students
+ Postsecondary Students--Adults
+ Postsecondary Students--Disabled
+ Postsecondary Students--Foster Youth
+ Postsecondary Students--Graduate/Professional
+ Postsecondary Students--International
+ Postsecondary Students--Low-Income
+ Postsecondary Students--Military
+ Postsecondary Students--Minority
+ Postsecondary Success
- Postsecondary Success--Completion
ILSigned into law 08/2011Postsec.Directs the board of higher education to include in a specified annual report to the governor and general assembly information on each public institution's admission, retention and graduation statistics of all students who are the first in their immediate family to attend an institution of higher education. http://www.ilga.gov/legislation/publicacts/97/PDF/097-0588.pdf
Title: S.B. 122
Source: www.ilga.gov

CTSigned into law 07/2011Postsec.Existing law creates the Blue Ribbon Commission to develop and implement a strategic master plan for higher education in the state. Renames the commission the Planning Commission for Higher Education. Repeals the existing parameters for the master plan to be developed by the commission, and instead calls for the master plan to (1) establish numerical goals for 2015 and 2020 to increase the number of people earning a bachelor degree, associate degree or certificate, (2) increase the number of people successfully completing coursework at the community college level and the number of people entering the state's workforce and (3) eliminate the postsecondary completion gap. Requires that the master plan identify specific strategies to achieve such goals. Also requires that the master plan recommend changes to funding policies, practices and accountability to (1) align policies and practices with specified goals for the state's higher education system, including an evaluation of the use of performance-based funding and (2) consider how institutions might publicly report on expenditures, staffing and state support in a transparent and thorough manner. Repeals the requirement that the commission report biennially to the governor and general assembly on progress toward benchmarks identified in the strategic plan. Instead requires that the commission submit a preliminary report by January 2012 on the development of the strategic master plan, and submit a master plan by October 2012. Replaces biennial reporting requirements to governor and relevant legislative committees with annual reporting requirements. Specifies that the commission may periodically suggest changes to the goals as necessary. Rescinds language terminating the commission in January 2021.
http://www.cga.ct.gov/2011/ACT/Pa/pdf/2011PA-00070-R00SB-00858-PA.pdf
Title: S.B. 858 - Postsecondary Provisions
Source: http://www.cga.ct.gov

FLSigned into law 06/2011Postsec.Establishes the Higher Education Coordinating Council and directs the council to make recommendations on: (1) The primary core mission of public and nonpublic postsecondary education institutions in the context of state access demands and economic development goals; (2) Performance outputs and outcomes designed to meet annual and long-term state goals, including, but not limited to, increased student access, preparedness, retention, transfer, and completion; (3) The state's articulation policies and practices to ensure that cost benefits to the state are maximized without jeopardizing quality; and (4) A plan for workforce development education.

Directs the Commissioner of Education, in consultation with the Chancellor of the State University System, to establish the Articulation Coordinating Committee which will make recommendations related to statewide articulation policies to the Higher Education Coordination Council, the State Board of Education, and the Board of Governors. Details the duties of the committee.

Requires Department of Education to utilize student performance data in subsequent coursework to determine appropriate Advanced Placement, Advanced International Certificate of Education examination, and International Baccalaureate examination scores for the receipt of college credit. Repeals the exemption from the state university system summer term enrollment requirement for students who have earned 9 or more credits through acceleration mechanisms. Requires the State Board of Education to specify by rule provisions for alternative remediation opportunities and retesting policies. Provides access to postsecondary education for individuals with intellectual disabilities, by allowing for reasonable substitution for admission and graduation requirements. Repeals the Florida Business and Education Collaborative and the University Concurrency Trust Fund.
http://www.myfloridahouse.gov/Sections/Documents/loaddoc.aspx?FileName=_h7151er.docx&DocumentType=Bill&BillNumber=7151&Session=2011
Title: H.B. 7151
Source: http://www.myfloridahouse.gov

LASigned into law 06/2011Postsec.Awards educational credits to a student enrolled in a public college or university, who is also a veteran, for courses that are part of the student's military training or service and that meet certain academic standards. Provides definitions and implementation requirements, including the adoption of certain policies and necessary rules, regulations, and procedures.
http://www.legis.state.la.us/billdata/streamdocument.asp?did=760100
Title: H.B. 500
Source: http://www.legis.state.la.us

LASigned into law 06/2011Postsec.Requires audits of information submitted by such Board of Regents institutions as indication of achievement of performance objectives under the LA GRAD Act; addressesto provide the timing and costs of such audits.
http://www.legis.state.la.us/billdata/streamdocument.asp?did=760744
Title: H.B. 560
Source: http://www.legis.state.la.us

MISigned into law 06/2011Postsec.
Community College
From Legislative Staff Summary: Encourages community colleges to explore ways of increasing collaboration and cooperation with universities. Provides that it is the intent of the Legislature that universities work with community colleges to implement transfer of credits from a university to a community college to enable award of credentials. Creates a committee to develop a process to improve the transferability of core college courses between colleges and universities. Directs colleges to work with public universities to implement reverse transfer agreements (that would transfer university credits to college for an associate's degree). Requires that by February 15, 2012, each public university must submit a report to the Legislature and others regarding (1) academic program accreditation and (2) the number of transfer credits rejected for incoming students. http://www.legislature.mi.gov/documents/2011-2012/publicact/htm/2011-PA-0062.htm
Title: H.B. 4325 - Postsecondary Provisions
Source: http://www.legislature.mi.gov

NCSigned into law 06/2011Postsec.Requires the Commission on Workforce Development, acting as the lead agency, with the cooperation of other participating agencies, including but not limited to, the North Carolina Community College System, The University of North Carolina, and the North Carolina Independent Colleges and Universities to initiate the "No Adult Left Behind" Initiative (Initiative) geared toward achievement of major statewide workforce development goals. Provides that the Initiative may also include community-based nonprofit organizations that provide services or assistance in the areas of worker training, workforce development, and transitioning North Carolinians between industries in the current global labor market. Provides that the first goal of the Initiative is to increase dramatically to forty percent (40%) the percentage of North Carolinians who earn associate degrees, other two-year educational credentials, and baccalaureate degrees. Permits specific fields of study may be selected for the most intense efforts. Directs the Commission on Workforce Development to, as the lead agency along with the North Carolina Community College System and The University of North Carolina as key cooperating institutions: (1) Collaborate to provide model evening-weekend certificate and degree programs designed specifically for working adults and other nontraditional students; (2) Work together to promote systemic changes designed to increase access and foster success among adult workers and other nontraditional students; and (3) Make it a priority to provide model evening-weekend certificate and degree programs in high-demand disciplines, occupations, and fields closely linked to economic development or that are the focus of public initiatives. http://www.ncga.state.nc.us/Sessions/2011/Bills/Senate/HTML/S166v5.html
Title: S.B. 166
Source: http://www.ncga.state.nc.us

NVSigned into law 06/2011Postsec.This bill creates the Committee to Study the Funding of Higher Education. Establishes the composition of the committee. Directs the committee to study specified issues, including: (1) Compare the method of funding higher education in Nevada with the methods used in other states, and determine whether other states' funding systems would be appropriate in Nevada; (2) Review the funding of remediation in the context of instructional delivery methods; (3) Consider funding institutions based on course completion rather than enrollment; and (4) Consider rewarding institutions for achieving defined graduation goals.
http://www.leg.state.nv.us/Session/76th2011/Bills/SB/SB374_EN.pdf
Title: S.B. 374
Source: http://www.leg.state.nv.us

OHSigned into law 06/2011Postsec.Directs the chancellor of the board of regents to require all state institutions of higher education that offer baccalaureate degrees to submit a statement describing how each major for which the school offers a baccalaureate degree may be completed within three academic years. Provides the statement may include but is not limited to specified methods to contribute to earning a baccalaureate degree in three years, including Advanced Placement, International Baccalaureate, and a waiver of degree and credit-hour requirements by completion of courses that are widely available at community colleges in the state or through online programs offered by state institutions of higher education or private nonprofit institutions or through postsecondary enrollment options (dual enrollment), completion of coursework in summer sessions, and a waiver of foreign language requirements by demonstration of proficiency. By October 15, 2012, requires each state institution of higher education to provide such statements for 10% of all baccalaureate degree programs offered by the institution, and by June 30, 2014, to provide such statements for 60% of all baccalaureate degree programs offered by the institution. Requires every state institution of higher education required to submit statements to post its three-year option on its Web site and also provide that information to the department of education. Directs the department to distribute that information to the superintendent, high school principal, and guidance counselor, or equivalents, of each school district, community school and STEM school. Provides that nothing in statute requires an institution to take any action that would violate the requirements of any independent association accrediting baccalaureate degree programs. Pages 438-439 of 1000: http://www.legislature.state.oh.us/BillText129/129_HB_153_EN_part2.pdf
Title: H.B. 153 - Three-Year Baccalaureate
Source: www.legislature.state.oh.us

TXSigned into law 06/2011Postsec.Permits the coordinating board of higher education, in partnership with institutions of higher education, to enter into an agreement with nonprofit organizations to help the board identify and implement strategies to increase degree completion rates, including by (1) identifying and promoting innovative models, emerging technology platforms, and best practices for increasing degree completion rates in areas including developmental education, financial assistance, student support services, and transfer or articulation agreements; (2) providing data, research, and evaluation support to help the board assess the effectiveness of pilot
programs in increasing degree completion rates; (3) coordinating ongoing local, state, federal and philanthropic initiatives to increase degree completion rates; and (4) determining the extent of implementation and effectiveness of degree completion rate improvement models across a region or the state. Permits the board by rule to establish a grant program to fund projects, including a grant to a nonprofit organization, related to the improvement of degree completion rates.

Directs the board, by January 2012, to report a description of: (1) the types of nonprofit organizations eligible for a grant; (2) grants awarded; and (3) a survey of partnerships between other states and nonprofit organizations to increase degree completion rates, including identification of best practices. Pages 1-2 of 6: http://www.capitol.state.tx.us/tlodocs/82R/billtext/pdf/HB02910F.pdf#navpanes=0
Title: H.B. 2910 - Increasing Postsecondary Completion Rates
Source: www.capitol.state.tx.us

TXSigned into law 06/2011Postsec.Defines "degree plan" as a statement of the course requirements that an undergraduate must complete to be awarded an associate or bachelor's degree from the institution. Requires each student in an associate or bachelor's degree program at an institute of higher education to file a degree plan with the institution by the end of the second regular semester following the semester in which the student completed 45 or more credit hours, including transfer courses, International Baccalaureate, dual credit or any other course for which the student has earned college credit. Requires a student starting at an institution with 45 or more credit hours to file a degree plan by the end of the student's second regular semester at the institution. Requires institutions to provide students with information on the degree plan filing requirement, including the option for consulting with an academic advisor. Requires students to provide notification to the institution when enrolling in subsequent semesters that the student has filed a degree plan, and that the courses for which the student is registering are consistent with that degree plan. Requires student notification if a student does not file a degree plan. Provides a student may not obtain an official transcript until the student has filed a degree plan wtih the institution. Pages 1-3: http://www.capitol.state.tx.us/tlodocs/82R/billtext/pdf/HB03025F.pdf#navpanes=0
Title: H.B. 3025 - Degree Plan
Source: www.capitol.state.tx.us

TXSigned into law 06/2011Postsec.
Community College
Provides that this provision relates to a student enrolled in a general academic teaching institution (as defined in 61.003(3) http://www.statutes.legis.state.tx.us/Docs/ED/htm/ED.61.htm) who has transferred from or previously attended a lower-division institution of higher education (i.e., public two-year institution) after earning at least 30 credit hours at the lower-division institution, and who has successfully completed at least 90 cumulative credit hours. Requires the general academic teaching institution, as soon as practicable after such a student has met the aforementioned criteria, to request authorization from the student for the institution to release the student's transcript to the lower-division institution of higher education, to determine whether the student has earned the credits required for an associate degree from the lower-division institution of higher education. Requires the general academic teaching institution to release the transcript upon receipt of student authorization, and requires the lower-division institution of higher education to review the transcript. Permits the lower-division institution of higher education to award the student the degree if the lower-division institution of higher education determines the student has earned the credits required to receive an associate degree. Pages 3-4: http://www.capitol.state.tx.us/tlodocs/82R/billtext/pdf/HB03025F.pdf#navpanes=0
Title: H.B. 3025 - Credit Transfer for Associate Degree
Source: www.capitol.state.tx.us

COSigned into law 05/2011Postsec.Directs the commission on higher education to design a master plan that achieves the following goals: increasing the overall number of degrees and certificates awarded in a year by 30% in a decade to provide support for economic development; renegotiating performance contracts with individual postsecondary institutions; and creating a performance-based funding plan that will make 25% of institutional funding based on student success metrics.
http://www.leg.state.co.us/clics/clics2011a/csl.nsf/fsbillcont3/63B087D7A1DC83D687257801006051AC?Open&file=052_enr.pdf
Title: S.B. 52
Source: http://www.leg.state.co.us

MDSigned into law 05/2011Postsec.From Department of Legislative Services Fiscal and Policy Note: Distinguishes between public, private nonprofit, and for-profit institutions of higher education. Clarifies the scope of the Maryland Consumer Protection Act to include the unfair or deceptive offer for sale of course credit or other educational services. Creates a separate and distinct Guaranty Fund to reimburse students at for-profit institutions of higher education who are entitled to a refund of tuition and fees due to the for-profit institution's breach of agreement or contract with the student or the state. Alters the process for approval of programs offered by for-profit institutions of higher education and requires notification of specified students if a program has not been recommended for implementation. Prohibits the payment of a commission, bonus, or other incentive payment based on success in securing enrollment. Allows the Maryland Higher Education Commission (Commission) to require reasonable annual reports and data from a for-profit institution of higher education as the Commission generally requires of other institutions of higher education. Recommends that the Commission, in order to assist the state in reaching the goal that 55% of adults in Maryland will have an associate's or bachelor's degree by 2025, should consider incorporating for–profit and out–of–state institutions awarding degrees in Maryland into the goal. http://mlis.state.md.us/2011rs/chapters_noln/Ch_277_sb0695T.pdf
Title: S.B. 695
Source: http://mlis.state.md.us

TXAdopted 05/2011Postsec.Defines terms, including "doctoral graduation rate", "graduate placement" and "master's graduation rate". Provides that if the minimum number of credit hours required to complete a bachelor degree program exceeds 120, the institution must provide a compelling academic reason. Provides the higher education coordinating board will review the documentation provided and make a determination to approve or deny a request to exceed the 120-hour limit. Requires each public university and health-related institution to review all doctoral and master's programs at least once every 7 years. Provides processes and criteria for such reviews. Provides that the criteria by which master's and doctoral programs will be evaluated include student graduation rate, and that graduate placement (i.e., employment or further education/training) is one of the criteria for evaluating master's programs. Sections 5.43 and 5.44 adopted as published in the February 11, 2011 Texas Register (page 5 of 68): http://www.sos.state.tx.us/texreg/pdf/backview/0211/0211prop.pdf. Section 5.52 adopted as published in the May 20, 2011 Texas Register (pages 7-9 of 21): http://www.sos.state.tx.us/texreg/pdf/backview/0520/0520adop.pdf
Title: 19 TAC 5.43, 44, 52
Source:

WASigned into law 04/2011Postsec.Relating to an accelerated baccalaureate degree program. State universities, regional universities and the Evergreen State College may develop accelerated baccalaureate degree programs that will allow academically qualified students to obtain a baccalaureate degree in three years without attending summer classes or enrolling in more than a full-time class load during the regular academic year. The programs must allow academcally qualified students to begin course work within their academic field during their first term or semester of enrollment. The state universities, regional univerisities and Evergree State College are to report on their plans for the accelerated baccalaureate degree programs to the higher education coordinating board for approval. Effective 07/22/2011
http://apps.leg.wa.gov/documents/billdocs/2011-12/Pdf/Bills/Senate%20Passed%20Legislature/5442-S.PL.pdf
Title: S.B. 5442
Source: http://apps.leg.wa.gov/

ARSigned into law 03/2011Postsec.
Community College
Strengthens the transfer of courses between institutions of higher education. Expands the Roger Phillips transfer policy. Clarifies which courses are prerequisite courses. Establishes a statewide common course numbering system for postsecondary. Creates a "state minimum core curriculum." Directs the state board, in collaboration with state-supported institutions of higher education, to select the baccalaureate degree programs of study that will be included in the state minimum core curriculum. Requires all public institutions of higher education to provide comprehensive academic advising to all students regarding transfer options available under this policy.
http://www.arkleg.state.ar.us/assembly/2011/2011R/Acts/Act747.pdf
Title: H.B. 1772
Source: http://www.arkleg.state.ar.us

+ Postsecondary Success--Completion--Completion Rates (Statistics)
+ Postsecondary Success--Developmental/Remediation
+ Postsecondary Success--Retention/Persistence
+ Postsecondary Success--Transfer/Articulation
+ Private Schools
+ Privatization
+ Promising Practices
+ Promotion/Retention
+ Public Involvement
+ Reading/Literacy
+ Reading/Literacy--Adult Literacy
+ Religion
+ Rural
+ Scheduling/School Calendar
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Day/Class Length
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Extended Day Programs
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Summer School
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Week
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Year
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Year Round
+ School Climate/Culture
+ School Safety
+ School Safety--Bullying Prevention/Conflict Resolution
+ School Safety--Code of Conduct
+ School Safety--Corporal Punishment
+ School Safety--Disaster/Emergency Preparedness
+ School Safety--Expulsion/Suspension
+ School Safety--Sexual Harassment and Assault
+ School Safety--Special Education
+ School Safety--Uniforms/Dress Codes
+ School/District Structure/Operations
+ School/District Structure/Operations--District Consolidation/Deconsolidation
+ School/District Structure/Operations--District Size
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Facilities
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Food Service
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Libraries
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Personnel (Non-Teaching)
+ School/District Structure/Operations--School Size
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Shared Services
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Staffing Ratios
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Transportation
+ Service-Learning
+ Special Education
+ Special Education--Federal Law/Regulations
+ Special Education--Finance
+ Special Education--Placement
+ Special Education--Transition
+ Special Populations--Corrections Education
+ Special Populations--Foster Care
+ Special Populations--Gifted and Talented
+ Special Populations--Homeless Education
+ Special Populations--Immigrant Education
+ Special Populations--Migrant Education
+ Special Populations--Military
+ Standards
+ Standards--Common Core State Standards
+ State Longitudinal Data Systems
+ State Policymaking
+ State Policymaking--Task Forces/Commissions
+ STEM
+ Student Achievement
+ Student Supports
+ Student Supports--Counseling/Guidance
+ Student Supports--Mentoring/Tutoring
+ Student Supports--Remediation
+ Student Surveys
+ Students--Athletics/Extracurricular Activities
+ Students--Employment
+ Students--Incentives
+ Students--Records/Rights
+ Teaching Quality
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Alternative
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Assignment
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Highly Qualified Teachers
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Natl. Bd. for Prof. Teach. Stds.
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Special Education
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--State Prof. Standards Bds.
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Substitute Teachers
+ Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay
+ Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay--Pay-for-Performance
+ Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay--Retirement/Benefits
+ Teaching Quality--Evaluation and Effectiveness
+ Teaching Quality--Induction Programs and Mentoring
+ Teaching Quality--Paraprofessionals
+ Teaching Quality--Preparation
+ Teaching Quality--Professional Development
+ Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention
+ Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention--At-Risk Schools
+ Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention--High-Needs Subjects
+ Teaching Quality--Reduction in Force
+ Teaching Quality--Teacher Attitudes
+ Teaching Quality--Teacher Rights
+ Teaching Quality--Tenure or Continuing Contract
+ Teaching Quality--Unions/Collective Bargaining
+ Teaching Quality--Unions/Collective Bargaining--Strikes
+ Technology
+ Technology--Devices/Software/Hardware
+ Technology--Equitable Access
+ Technology--Funding Issues
+ Technology--Teacher/Faculty Training
+ Textbooks and Open Source
+ Urban--Change/Improvements