ECS
From the ECS State Policy Database
1994-2013

Education Commission of the States • 700 Broadway, Suite 810 • Denver, CO 80203-3442 • 303.299.3600 • fax 303.296.8332 • www.ecs.org

The following summary includes policies ECS has tracked in this database since 1994. This database is made possible by your state's fiscal support of the Education Commission of the States (ECS). Most entries are legislative, although rules/regulations and executive orders that make substantive changes are included. Every effort is made to collect the latest available version of policies; in some instances, recent changes might not be reflected. For expediency purposes minimal attention has been paid to style (capitalization, punctuation) and format. To view the documents, click on the blue triangle next to the topic of interest.

Please cite use of the database as: Education Commission of the States (ECS) State Policy Database, retrieved [date].

State Status/Date Level Summary
+ 21st Century Skills
+ Accountability
+ Accountability--Accreditation
+ Accountability--Measures/Indicators
+ Accountability--Reporting Results
+ Accountability--Rewards
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--Learnfare
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--No Pass No Drive
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--No Pass No Play
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--Takeovers
+ Accountability--School Improvement
+ Adult Basic Education
+ Assessment
+ Assessment--Accommodations
+ Assessment--College Entrance Exams
+ Assessment--Computer Based
+ Assessment--End-of-Course
+ Assessment--Formative/Interim
+ Assessment--High Stakes/Competency
+ Assessment--Legal Issues
+ Assessment--NAEP (NAEP Results and NAEP Organization)
+ Assessment--Performance Based/Portfolio
+ Assessment--Value Added
+ At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)
+ At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)--Alternative Education
+ At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)--Drugs/Alcohol
+ Attendance
+ Attendance--Compulsory
+ Attendance--Statutory Ages (Upper and Lower)
+ Attendance--Truancy
+ Background Checks
+ Bilingual/ESL
+ Brain Research
+ Business Involvement
+ Career/Technical Education
+ Career/Technical Education--Career Academies/Apprenticeship
+ Cheating
+ Choice of Schools
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Charter Districts
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Closings
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Cyber Charters
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Finance
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Research
+ Choice of Schools--Choice/Open Enrollment
+ Choice of Schools--Choice/Open Enrollment--Research
+ Choice of Schools--Innovation Schools
+ Choice of Schools--Magnet or Specialized Schools
+ Choice of Schools--Tax Credits
+ Choice of Schools--Vouchers
+ Choice of Schools--Vouchers--Privately Funded
+ Civic Education
+ Civic Education--Character Education
+ Civic Education--Civic Knowledge and Literacy
+ Civic Education--Curriculum/Standards
+ Civic Education--Pledge of Allegiance
+ Class Size
+ Curriculum
+ Curriculum--Alignment
+ Curriculum--Arts Education
+ Curriculum--Censorship
+ Curriculum--Core Curriculum
+ Curriculum--Drivers Education
+ Curriculum--Environmental Education
+ Curriculum--Excusal
+ Curriculum--Family Living Education
+ Curriculum--Financial Literacy/Economics Ed.
+ Curriculum--Foreign Language/Sign Language
+ Curriculum--Geography Education
+ Curriculum--Health/Nutrition Education
+ Curriculum--Home Economics
+ Curriculum--International Education
+ Curriculum--Language Arts
+ Curriculum--Language Arts--Writing/Spelling
+ Curriculum--Mathematics
+ Curriculum--Multicultural
+ Curriculum--Physical Education
+ Curriculum--Science
+ Curriculum--Sex Education
+ Curriculum--Social Studies/History
+ Curriculum--Speech Education
+ Data-Driven Improvement
+ Demographics
+ Demographics--Condition of Children/Adults
+ Demographics--Enrollments
+ Desegregation
+ Economic/Workforce Development
+ Education Research
+ Equity
+ Federal
+ Finance
+ Finance--Adequacy/Core Cost
+ Finance--Aid to Private Schools
+ Finance--Bonds
+ Finance--District
+ Finance--Does Money Matter?
+ Finance--Equity
+ Finance--Facilities
+ Finance--Federal
+ Finance--Funding Formulas
+ Finance--Litigation
+ Finance--Local Foundations/Funds
+ Finance--Lotteries
+ Finance--Performance Funding
+ Finance--Private Giving
- Finance--Resource Efficiency
ALSigned into law 05/2012P-12School Start Dates
S.B. 318 - School Start Dates
From K-12 appropriations bill: Establishes legislative intent that local school systems be permitted to develop flexible school terms extend...

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FLSigned into law 04/2012P-12School District Consortium to Increase Purchasing Power
H.B. 5101 - School District Consortium to Increase Purchasing Power
Requires each local board to enter into an interlocal agreement to establish the School District Consortium to maximize the purchasing power...

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NYIssued 04/2012P-12Establishing the New NY Education Reform Commission
E.O. No. 44
Establishes the New NY Education Reform Commission to provide guidance and advice to the governor on education policy, performance, and inno...

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VASigned into law 03/2012P-12Expenditures and Reports on Instructional Spending
H.B. 250
Requires each local school board to report annually to the Board of Education the percentage of its annual operating budget allocated to ins...

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TXAdopted 10/2011P-12Financial Accountability Ratings
19 TAC 109.1002
The Texas Education Agency (TEA) proposes an amendment to s.109.1002, concerning the financial accountability rating system. The section est...

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MESigned into law 06/2011P-12Process for Energy Service Companies Contracting with Maine Schools
H.P. 583
Removes provisions of law that allow school administrative units to use a process other than a competitive bid process in selecting energy s...

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MISigned into law 06/2011P-12Eliminates Certains Programs/Changes Pupil Count Day/District Transparency
H.B. 4325 - K-12 Provisions
From Legislative Staff Summary: Eliminates middle college grants and funding that provides districts additional funds for educating students...

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NCSigned into law 06/2011P-12School and Teacher Paperwork Reduction Act
H.B. 720
Directs the state board of education (SBE) to streamline the paperwork process and to alleviate unnecessary, duplicative paperwork. Requires...

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NCVeto overridden: legislature has overridden governor's veto 06/2011P-12School Calendar Pilot Program
H.B. 200 - School Calendar Pilot Program
Directs the state board to establish a school calendar pilot program in the Wilkes County Schools, the Montgomery County Schools, and the St...

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OHSigned into law 06/2011P-12Highly Efficient and Highly Effective Schools
H.B. 153 - Highly Efficient and Highly Effective Schools
Directs the department to develop standards for determining, from existing data, the amount of annual operating expenditures for classroom i...

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OHSigned into law 06/2011P-12More Efficiency and Effectiveness
H.B. 153 - More Efficiency and Effectiveness
Directs the department of education to develop a system to rank all districts, community schools and STEM schools according to: (1) performa...

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TNSigned into law 06/2011P-12Collaboration, City and District Operations
S.B. 1602
Permits a city and a special school district with coterminous boundaries to specify by contract that city funding for the district shall be ...

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OKSigned into law 05/2011P-12Cap on District Expenditures on Administration
S.B. 664
Changes the cap on school district expenditures. School districts with more than 1,500 average daily attendance must not spend more than 5% ...

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OKSigned into law 05/2011P-12Task Force on Creating Administrative Efficiencies
S.B. 536
Creates the Task Force on Creating Administrative Efficiencies until November 30, 2011. The seven-member task force must examine ways to red...

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NYSigned into law 03/2011P-12District Management Efficiency Awards Program
S.B. 2808 - Part B, Sec. 1
Creates the district management efficiency awards program. Directs the commissioner of education to develop a plan, in consultation with the...

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NCSigned into law 08/2010Postsec.Higher Education Energy Conservation Measures
H.B. 1292
Provides that any energy savings realized by constituent institutions of the University of North Carolina must remain available to the insti...

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RI07/2010P-12Cooperative Service Among School Districts Act of 2010
H.B. 7668, S.B. 2266
Establishes the Cooperative Service Among School Districts Act of 2010 to maximize both educational effectiveness and business services, to ...

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RISigned into law 06/2010P-12Statewide Purchasing System and Programs
H.B. 7397, Article 13, Section 5
Authorizes the department of elementary and secondary education, with the department of administration, to implement a statewide purchasing ...

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SCSigned into law 05/2010P-12Report Cards
H.J.R. 4823 - Sec. 1 and 2
Suspends the requirement that the department of education provide printed copies of 2010 district and school report cards; Requires schools ...

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WASigned into law 03/2010P-12Interdistrict Cooperative Programs
H.B. 2913
Authorizes creation of innovative interdistrict cooperative high school programs designed to provide interdisciplinary curriculum and instru...

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TXSigned into law 06/2009P-12Financial Accountability
H.B. 3 - Section 59 - Part III
Former law called for the creation of a single financial accountability rating system. New enactment directs the commissioner, in consultati...

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OKSigned into law 05/2009P-12Performance Review for Districts with High Poverty
S.B. 473
Authorizes the Office of Accountability to conduct a performance review program to determine the effectiveness and efficiency of the budget ...

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IASigned into law 04/2009P-12
Postsec.
Community College
Tax Credits for Small Wind Innovation
H.B. 810
Provides for the establishment of small wind innovation zones; provides for the applicability of tax credits; relates to a political subdivi...

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SCSigned into law 04/2009P-12School District Staffing Flexibility
H.B. 3352
Allows local school districts and special schools to transfer funds among appropriated revenues in order to ensure the delivery of academic ...

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WASigned into law 04/2009P-12Finance
H.B. 2343
Relates to achieving savings in education programs by revising provisions relating to diagnostic assessments, classified staff training, con...

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FLRemoved from Ballot 04/2008P-1265% Solution -- Money to Classrooms
Amend. 9
(BALLOT MEASURE 9.) Requires at least sixty-five percent of school funding received by school districts be spent on classroom instruction, r...

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MESigned into law 06/2007P-12School District Consolidation
H.B. 685; LD 216
Allows a school administrative unit that is a municipality or school administrative district to combine with another school administrative d...

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MESigned into law 06/2007P-12School District Consolidation
H.B. 685
Allows a school administrative unit that is a municipality or school administrative district to combine with another school administrative d...

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INSigned into law 05/2007P-12Allocation of Expenditures to Student Instruction
S.B. 526 (omnibus) - Article 42.5
Creates new article in the education code, "Allocation of Expenditures to Student Instruction."

Chapter 1. Purposes and General Provisions
...

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MESigned into law 04/2007P-12School District Reorganization
H.B. 35
(Resolve) Provides for legislative review of portions of Chapter 28: Closing a School in the Unorganized Territory, a major substantive rule...

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CORejected by voters 11/2006P-12District Budget Requirements (65%) as Statute
Referendum J
(REFERENDUM J; HB 06-1283) Creates the State Public School Expenditures Accountability Act. If approved, would amend state statutes to requi...

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RISigned into law 07/2006P-12Statewide Purchasing System for Education Services and Products
H.B. 6853; S.B. 2531
Directs the Department of Elementary and Secondary Education, working with the Department of Administration, to establish a statewide purcha...

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CORejected by voters 06/2006P-1265% of School Budgets for Instruction
Amendment 39 (H.B. 1283)
Proposes a constitutional amendment to require that in each state fiscal year a school district spend at least 65% of its operational expend...

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FLSigned into law 05/2006P-12Paperwork Reduction and Data Collection and Reporting Requirements
H.B. 7087 (Section 11)
Beginning with the 2006-2007 school year: (a) Each district school board must designate a classroom teacher to serve as the teacher represen...

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ILAdopted 05/2006P-12Education Purchasing Program
44 IAC 1110.10 thru .60
Authorizes the Education Purchasing Program. Designates the state board as the state education purchasing entity. States criteria on which c...

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TXSigned into law 05/2006P-12Financial Accountability
H.B. 1 C (Sections 2.05; 2.09)
Requires the commissioner, in consultation with the comptroller, to develop and implement a financial accountability
rating system for schoo...

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VTSigned into law 05/2006P-12School Finance
H.B. 867 - Section 20 (a) through (f)
Directs the commissioner of education to work with education administrators to study the actual costs of providing services to elementary an...

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INSigned into law 03/2006P-12Resource Efficiency
H.B. 1006 - Section 3
Section 3: Authorizes school corporations (districts) individually, in collaboration with other school corporations, and through the educati...

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TXIssued 08/2005P-12Comprehensive financial accountability and reporting system
Executive Order RP47
Directs the commissioner of education to create and implement a comprehensive financial accountability and reporting system to ensure transp...

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OKSigned into law 05/2005P-12Task Force on School District Administrative Efficiency
H.B. 1021(multiple provisions)
Establishes the Task Force on School District Administrative Efficiency. The purpose of the Task Force (which expires December 31, 2006) is ...

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WVSigned into law 05/2005P-12Staffing Ratios
H.B. 2578
House Bill 2578 increases the ratios of professional and service personnel to students in net enrollment. The increases in the ratios of pro...

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KYSigned into law 03/2005P-12School District Efficiency and Effectiveness Review
H.B. 267
Provision of budget bill. Directs the Office of Education Accountability to conduct an inventory and assessment of indicators that may be us...

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VASigned into law 03/2005P-12School Efficiency Review Program
H.B. 1967
The bill requires school divisions to pay 25 percent of the cost of the school efficiency review in the fiscal year immediately following th...

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COSigned into law 06/2004P-12School District Pilot Efficiency Reviews
S.B. 144
Concerns reviews of school districts, and, in connection therewith, requiring pilot efficiency reviews of a limited number of school distric...

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AZSigned into law 04/2004P-12School District or Charter School Procurement
H.B. 2105
Concerns school district and charter school procurement; concerns contracts for materials and services the governing board may authorize for...

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IDSigned into law 03/2004P-12Contract Competitive Bids
S.B. 1345
Amends existing law relating to school property to provide that certain contracts shall not be executed unless in cooperation with a coopera...

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WVto governor 03/2004P-12Indicators of Efficiency
H.B. 4001 - Multiple Sections
Part of H.B. 4001 requires the state board to adopt and periodically review and update indicators of efficiency for use by the appropriate d...

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ARSigned into law 01/2004P-12State Department of Education Staffing Audit
H.B. 1108
Requires an audit of staffing needs of the Department of Education. http://www.arkleg.state.ar.us/ftproot/bills/2003s2/public/HB1108.pdf...

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ARSigned into law 01/2004P-12Public School Funding Act of 2003
S.B. 42
Relates to the Public School Funding Act of 2003; provides equitable funding to public schools; provides a system for monitoring public scho...

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ARSigned into law 01/2004P-12Student Assessment and Educational Accountability Act of 2004 - Finance
S.B. 33 § 9
Adds Ark. Code 6-15-2001. The state department of education and the Division of Legislative Audit of the Legislative Joint Auditing Committe...

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ARVetoed 04/2003Postsec.State Agency Paper Law
S.B. 420
Relates to the State Agency Paper Reduction Law; exempts information, brochures, and catalogs distributed by an institution of higher educat...

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ARSigned into law 03/2003P-12State Board of Education and Paperwork
H.B. 1040
Requires the State Board of Education to identify reports required from local school districts and to eliminate unnecessary reports and pape...

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CASigned into law 09/2002P-12Auditing Local Education Agencies
A.B. 2834
Requires the Comptroller to review and monitor audits of local education agencies by independent auditors. Requires local education agencies...

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FLSigned into law 05/2002P-12
Postsec.
Community College
Education Code Re-Write: Office of Inspector General Established
S.B. 20E
According to a legislative summary, "The bill establishes the Office of Inspector General within the State Board of Education to be responsi...

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INSigned into law 03/2002P-12Guaranteed Energy Savings Contracts Law
H.B. 1158
Makes certain changes in the guaranteed energy savings contracts law used by school corporations and political subdivisions; provides that a...

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ORVetoed 03/2002P-12Use of Grant Funds
H.B. 4036B
Allows school districts and programs that receive grant funds to use funds for any educational purpose....

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CASigned by Governor 09/2001P-12Pupil Support Personnel
A.B. 722
Chapter No.250, Requires the State Department of Education to conduct a study of pupil support, defined to include school counselors, school...

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FLSigned into law 06/2001P-12Florida Education Finance Program
H.B. 1545
2001-157., Requires the designation and publication of district performance grades; revises minimum requirements of the Florida Education Fi...

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MESigned into law 06/2001P-12Cost-Sharing Agreements Between Districts
H.B. 977
Public Law No. 373., (LD 1301) Provides an option for municipal members of a school district to design a cost-sharing formula; requires a co...

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AZSigned into law 04/2001P-12School Energy Conservation Programs
S.B. 1178
Specifies that school districts are ineligible to adjust budget limit for energy reduction purposes if the school district did not participa...

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ARSigned into law 03/2001P-12School Fund Management
H.B. 1529
Allows the County Treasurer to receive and disburse school district funds from 1 account if the school district is using a proper computeriz...

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COSigned into law 03/2001P-12State Audits of Educational Institutions
H.B. 1009
Directs the State Auditor or the auditor's designee to conduct records management audits in all departments, institutions, and agencies of s...

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IASigned into law 02/2001P-12
H.B. 191
Provides for the establishment of the state percent growth for purposes of the state school foundation program. The state budget is set to ...

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ILSigned into law 06/2000P-12
Postsec.
State Board's Ability to Adjust Payments
H.B. 2917
Amends the School Code; prohibits the State Board of Education from making audit adjustments to general state aid claims paid in fiscal year...

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COSigned into law 05/2000P-12Charter School Changes, Capital Reserve Usage
H.B. 1124
Concerns public schools; authorizes charter schools to impose fees for excess transportation costs and to engage in the building, planning a...

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NHSigned into law 05/2000Postsec.Resource Allocation
S.B. 453
Relates to the expending of legacies or gifts and the transfer of funds by the regional community-technical colleges; allows the regional co...

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NHSigned into law 05/2000P-12Use of Education Trust Fund
H.B. 1316
Prohibits school districts from using disbursements from the Education Trust Fund as unanticipated revenue....

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GASigned into law 03/2000P-12Omnibus Bill - Financial Reports to School Boards
H.B. 1187
Requires local school superintendents to make reports to their local boards and to the public in response to financial deficits or budget ir...

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GASigned into law 03/2000P-12Omnibus Bill - Resource Allocation Component
H.B. 1187
Allotment sheets will be issued for each school rather than for each system. Each school shall spend a minimum of 90 percent of funds design...

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UTSigned into law 03/1999P-12Appropriates Funding for Classroom Materials
H.B. 9
Provides an appropriation for teacher classroom supplies and materials....

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CADied 07/1998P-12
V 7
Prohibits school districts from spending more than 5% of funds from all sources for costs of general administration, instructional resources...

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VTSigned into law 06/1997P-12
H.B. 527 Major Additional Studies and Reports
Legislative Oversight Committee on Restructuring Education, to be composed of ten members of the General Assembly, to oversee the implementa...

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INSigned into law 05/1997P-12
S.B. 6 Budget Bill
Increases state contribution for adult education programs; creates a state-level alternative education grant program; increases assessment f...

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FLBecame law without governor's signature 06/1996P-12Performance and Management Review
S.B. 1044 State Accountability
Requires the Office of Program Policy Analysis and Government Accountability to contract with private firms to conduct performance and manag...

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MSPassed 04/1996P-12
Requiring School Districts to Spend No Less Than 80% on Annual Title 1 Budgets
(Effective: 05/03/96) Requires school districts to spend no less than 80% on annual Title 1 budgets at participating school sites, in order ...

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KYPassed 03/1996P-12
702 KAR 3:246 School Council Allocation Formula: KETS District Administrative System Chart of Accounts
(Effective: 02/12/96) Relates to the school council allocation formula: KETS district administrative system chart of accounts; mandates that...

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HIDied 06/1995P-12
S.B. 396 Minimum Staffing Requirement
Requires the Department of Education to maintain a minimum staffing level of one full-time equivalent teacher position per grade level per s...

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GASigned into law 04/1995P-12
H.B. 129 Quality Basic Education Formula
(Effective: 04/18/95) Relates to the Quality Basic Education Formula, so as to change provisions relating to educational funding; provides f...

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+ Finance--State Budgets/Expenditures
+ Finance--Student Fees
+ Finance--Taxes/Revenues
+ Finance--Taxes/Revenues--Alternative Revenues
+ Governance
+ Governance--Deregulation/Waivers/Home Rule
+ Governance--Ethics/Conflict of Interest
+ Governance--Mandates
+ Governance--Regional Entities
+ Governance--School Boards
+ Governance--School Boards--Training
+ Governance--Site-Based Management
+ Governance--State Boards/Chiefs/Agencies
+ Health
+ Health--Child Abuse
+ Health--Mental Health
+ Health--Nutrition
+ Health--School Based Clinics or School Nurses
+ Health--Suicide Prevention
+ Health--Teen Pregnancy
+ High School
+ High School--Advanced Placement
+ High School--College Readiness
+ High School--Credit Recovery
+ High School--Dropout Rates/Graduation Rates
+ High School--Dual/Concurrent Enrollment
+ High School--Early Colleges/Middle Colleges
+ High School--Exit Exams
+ High School--GED (General Education Development)
+ High School--Graduation Requirements
+ High School--International Baccalaureate
+ Instructional Approaches
+ Instructional Approaches--Constructivism
+ Instructional Approaches--Grading Practices
+ Instructional Approaches--Homeschooling
+ Instructional Approaches--Homework/Study Skills
+ Instructional Approaches--Official English
+ Instructional Approaches--Problem Based Learning
+ Instructional Approaches--Single-Sex Education
+ Instructional Approaches--Time/Time on Task
+ Instructional Approaches--Tracking/Ability Grouping
+ Integrated Services/Full-Service Schools
+ International Benchmarking
+ Leadership
+ Leadership--District Superintendent
+ Leadership--District Superintendent--Compensation and Diversified Pay
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Certification and Licensure
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Compensation and Diversified Pay
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Evaluation and Effectiveness
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Induction Programs and Mentoring
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Preparation
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Preparation--Alternative
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Professional Development
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Recruitment and Retention
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Tenure
+ Middle School
+ Minority/Diversity Issues
+ Minority/Diversity Issues--African American
+ Minority/Diversity Issues--American Indian / Alaska Native / Native Hawaiian
+ Minority/Diversity Issues--Hispanic
+ No Child Left Behind
+ No Child Left Behind--Adequate Yearly Progress
+ No Child Left Behind--Assessment
+ No Child Left Behind--Choice/Transfer
+ No Child Left Behind--Consequences for Schools
+ No Child Left Behind--Finance
+ No Child Left Behind--Parent Involvement
+ No Child Left Behind--Reauthorization Issues/Waivers
+ No Child Left Behind--Report Cards
+ No Child Left Behind--School Support
+ No Child Left Behind--Special Populations
+ No Child Left Behind--Supplemental Services
+ Online Learning--Digital/Blended Learning
+ Online Learning--Virtual Schools/Courses
+ P-16 or P-20
+ P-3
+ P-3 Brain Development
+ P-3 Child Care
+ P-3 Content Standards and Assessment
+ P-3 Data Systems
+ P-3 Early Intervention (0-3)
+ P-3 Ensuring Quality
+ P-3 Evaluation/Economic Benefits
+ P-3 Family Involvement
+ P-3 Finance
+ P-3 Governance
+ P-3 Grades 1-3
+ P-3 Health and Mental Health
+ P-3 Kindergarten
+ P-3 Kindergarten--Full-Day Kindergarten
+ P-3 Kindergarten--Full Day Kindergarten
+ P-3 Preschool
+ P-3 Public/Private Partnerships
+ P-3 Special Ed./Inclusion
+ P-3 Teaching Quality/Professional Development
+ Parent/Family
+ Parent/Family--Parent Rights
+ Parent/Family--Research
+ Partnerships--University/School
+ Postsecondary
+ Postsecondary Accountability
+ Postsecondary Accountability--Accreditation
+ Postsecondary Accountability--Diploma Mills
+ Postsecondary Accountability--Licensing/Program Review and Approval
+ Postsecondary Accountability--Student Learning
+ Postsecondary Affordability
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Financial Aid
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Textbooks
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees--Prepd/College Savings Plans
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees--Undocumented Immigrants
+ Postsecondary Faculty
+ Postsecondary Faculty--Compensation
+ Postsecondary Faculty--Intellectual Property
+ Postsecondary Faculty--Teaching Assistants
+ Postsecondary Faculty--Tenure
+ Postsecondary Finance
+ Postsecondary Finance--Efficiency/Performance-Based Funding
+ Postsecondary Finance--Facilities
+ Postsecondary Finance--Revenue and Expenditures
+ Postsecondary Governance and Structures
+ Postsecondary Governance and Structures--Administrative/Leadership Issues
+ Postsecondary Governance and Structures--State Executives/State Agencies
+ Postsecondary Institutions
+ Postsecondary Institutions--Community/Technical Colleges
+ Postsecondary Institutions--For-Profit/Proprietary
+ Postsecondary Institutions--Four-Year Baccalaureate
+ Postsecondary Institutions--HBCUs/Minority-Serving Institutions
+ Postsecondary Institutions--Private/Independent
+ Postsecondary Online Instruction
+ Postsecondary Participation
+ Postsecondary Participation--Access
+ Postsecondary Participation--Admissions Requirements
+ Postsecondary Participation--Affirmative Action
+ Postsecondary Participation--Enrollments (Statistics)
+ Postsecondary Participation--Outreach
+ Postsecondary Students
+ Postsecondary Students--Adults
+ Postsecondary Students--Disabled
+ Postsecondary Students--Foster Youth
+ Postsecondary Students--Graduate/Professional
+ Postsecondary Students--International
+ Postsecondary Students--Low-Income
+ Postsecondary Students--Military
+ Postsecondary Students--Minority
+ Postsecondary Success
+ Postsecondary Success--Completion
+ Postsecondary Success--Completion--Completion Rates (Statistics)
+ Postsecondary Success--Developmental/Remediation
+ Postsecondary Success--Retention/Persistence
+ Postsecondary Success--Transfer/Articulation
+ Private Schools
+ Privatization
+ Privatization--Education Management Agencies (EMOs)
+ Proficiency-Based Approaches
+ Promising Practices
+ Promotion/Retention
+ Public Involvement
+ Purposes of Public Education
+ Reading/Literacy
+ Reading/Literacy--Adult Literacy
+ Religion
+ Religion--Prayer/Meditation
+ Religion--Scientific Creationism (Evolution)
+ Rural
+ Scheduling/School Calendar
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Day/Class Length
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Extended Day Programs
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Summer School
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Week
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Year
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Year Round
+ School Climate/Culture
+ School Safety
+ School Safety--Bullying Prevention/Conflict Resolution
+ School Safety--Code of Conduct
+ School Safety--Corporal Punishment
+ School Safety--Disaster/Emergency Preparedness
+ School Safety--Expulsion/Suspension
+ School Safety--No Child Left Behind--Safe Schools
+ School Safety--Sexual Harassment and Assault
+ School Safety--Special Education
+ School Safety--Uniforms/Dress Codes
+ School/District Structure/Operations
+ School/District Structure/Operations--District Consolidation/Deconsolidation
+ School/District Structure/Operations--District Size
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Facilities
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Food Service
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Libraries
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Org. (K-3/K-8 etc.)
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Personnel (Non-Teaching)
+ School/District Structure/Operations--School Size
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Shared Services
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Staffing Ratios
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Transportation
+ Service-Learning
+ Special Education
+ Special Education--Federal Law/Regulations
+ Special Education--Finance
+ Special Education--Inclusion (Mainstreaming)
+ Special Education--Placement
+ Special Education--Transition
+ Special Populations--Corrections Education
+ Special Populations--Foster Care
+ Special Populations--Gifted and Talented
+ Special Populations--Homeless Education
+ Special Populations--Immigrant Education
+ Special Populations--Migrant Education
+ Special Populations--Military
+ Standards
+ Standards--Common Core State Standards
+ Standards--Implementation
+ State Comparisons/Statistics
+ State Longitudinal Data Systems
+ State Policymaking
+ State Policymaking--Ballot Questions
+ State Policymaking--Constitutional Clauses
+ State Policymaking--Politics
+ State Policymaking--Task Forces/Commissions
+ STEM
+ Student Achievement
+ Student Achievement--Closing the Achievement Gap
+ Student Achievement--State Trends
+ Student Supports--Counseling/Guidance
+ Student Supports--Mentoring/Tutoring
+ Student Supports--Remediation
+ Student Surveys
+ Students
+ Students--Athletics/Extracurricular Activities
+ Students--Employment
+ Students--Incentives
+ Students--K-12 Exchange Students
+ Students--Mobility
+ Students--Records/Rights
+ Teaching Quality
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Alternative
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Assignment
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Highly Qualified Teachers
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Natl. Bd. for Prof. Teach. Stds.
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Special Education
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--State Prof. Standards Bds.
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Substitute Teachers
+ Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay
+ Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay--Pay-for-Performance
+ Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay--Retirement/Benefits
+ Teaching Quality--Evaluation and Effectiveness
+ Teaching Quality--Induction Programs and Mentoring
+ Teaching Quality--Paraprofessionals
+ Teaching Quality--Preparation
+ Teaching Quality--Professional Development
+ Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention
+ Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention--At-Risk Schools
+ Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention--High-Needs Subjects
+ Teaching Quality--Reduction in Force
+ Teaching Quality--Teacher Attitudes
+ Teaching Quality--Teacher Contracts (Not Tenure)
+ Teaching Quality--Teacher Rights
+ Teaching Quality--Tenure or Continuing Contract
+ Teaching Quality--Unions/Collective Bargaining
+ Teaching Quality--Unions/Collective Bargaining--Strikes
+ Teaching Quality--Working Conditions
+ Technology
+ Technology--Computer Skills
+ Technology--Devices/Software/Hardware
+ Technology--Equitable Access
+ Technology--Funding Issues
+ Technology--Internet Safety
+ Technology--Research/Evaluation
+ Technology--Teacher/Faculty Training
+ Textbooks and Open Source
+ Urban
+ Urban--Change/Improvements
+ Urban--Governance
+ Whole-School Reform Models
+ Whole Child