ECS
From the ECS State Policy Database
1994-2013

Education Commission of the States • 700 Broadway, Suite 810 • Denver, CO 80203-3442 • 303.299.3600 • fax 303.296.8332 • www.ecs.org

The following summary includes policies ECS has tracked in this database since 1994. This database is made possible by your state's fiscal support of the Education Commission of the States (ECS). Most entries are legislative, although rules/regulations and executive orders that make substantive changes are included. Every effort is made to collect the latest available version of policies; in some instances, recent changes might not be reflected. For expediency purposes minimal attention has been paid to style (capitalization, punctuation) and format. To view the documents, click on the blue triangle next to the topic of interest.

Please cite use of the database as: Education Commission of the States (ECS) State Policy Database, retrieved [date].

State Status/Date Level Summary
+ 21st Century Skills
+ Accountability
+ Accountability--Accreditation
+ Accountability--Measures/Indicators
+ Accountability--Reporting Results
+ Accountability--Rewards
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--Learnfare
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--No Pass No Drive
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--No Pass No Play
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--Takeovers
+ Accountability--School Improvement
+ Adult Basic Education
+ Assessment
+ Assessment--Accommodations
+ Assessment--College Entrance Exams
+ Assessment--Computer Based
+ Assessment--End-of-Course
+ Assessment--Formative/Interim
+ Assessment--High Stakes/Competency
+ Assessment--Legal Issues
+ Assessment--NAEP (NAEP Results and NAEP Organization)
+ Assessment--Performance Based/Portfolio
+ Assessment--Value Added
+ At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)
+ At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)--Alternative Education
+ At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)--Drugs/Alcohol
+ Attendance
+ Attendance--Compulsory
+ Attendance--Statutory Ages (Upper and Lower)
+ Attendance--Truancy
+ Background Checks
+ Bilingual/ESL
+ Brain Research
+ Business Involvement
+ Career/Technical Education
+ Career/Technical Education--Career Academies/Apprenticeship
+ Cheating
+ Choice of Schools
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Charter Districts
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Closings
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Cyber Charters
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Finance
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Research
+ Choice of Schools--Choice/Open Enrollment
+ Choice of Schools--Choice/Open Enrollment--Research
+ Choice of Schools--Innovation Schools
+ Choice of Schools--Magnet or Specialized Schools
+ Choice of Schools--Tax Credits
+ Choice of Schools--Vouchers
+ Choice of Schools--Vouchers--Privately Funded
+ Civic Education
+ Civic Education--Character Education
+ Civic Education--Civic Knowledge and Literacy
+ Civic Education--Curriculum/Standards
+ Civic Education--Pledge of Allegiance
+ Class Size
+ Curriculum
+ Curriculum--Alignment
+ Curriculum--Arts Education
+ Curriculum--Censorship
+ Curriculum--Core Curriculum
+ Curriculum--Drivers Education
+ Curriculum--Environmental Education
+ Curriculum--Excusal
+ Curriculum--Family Living Education
+ Curriculum--Financial Literacy/Economics Ed.
+ Curriculum--Foreign Language/Sign Language
+ Curriculum--Geography Education
+ Curriculum--Health/Nutrition Education
+ Curriculum--Home Economics
+ Curriculum--International Education
+ Curriculum--Language Arts
+ Curriculum--Language Arts--Writing/Spelling
+ Curriculum--Mathematics
+ Curriculum--Multicultural
+ Curriculum--Physical Education
+ Curriculum--Science
+ Curriculum--Sex Education
+ Curriculum--Social Studies/History
+ Curriculum--Speech Education
+ Data-Driven Improvement
+ Demographics
+ Demographics--Condition of Children/Adults
+ Demographics--Enrollments
+ Desegregation
+ Economic/Workforce Development
+ Education Research
+ Equity
+ Federal
+ Finance
+ Finance--Adequacy/Core Cost
+ Finance--Aid to Private Schools
+ Finance--Bonds
+ Finance--District
+ Finance--Does Money Matter?
+ Finance--Equity
+ Finance--Facilities
+ Finance--Federal
+ Finance--Funding Formulas
+ Finance--Litigation
+ Finance--Local Foundations/Funds
+ Finance--Lotteries
+ Finance--Performance Funding
+ Finance--Private Giving
+ Finance--Resource Efficiency
+ Finance--State Budgets/Expenditures
+ Finance--Student Fees
+ Finance--Taxes/Revenues
+ Finance--Taxes/Revenues--Alternative Revenues
+ Governance
+ Governance--Deregulation/Waivers/Home Rule
+ Governance--Ethics/Conflict of Interest
+ Governance--Mandates
+ Governance--Regional Entities
+ Governance--School Boards
+ Governance--School Boards--Training
+ Governance--Site-Based Management
+ Governance--State Boards/Chiefs/Agencies
+ Health
+ Health--Child Abuse
+ Health--Mental Health
+ Health--Nutrition
- Health--School Based Clinics or School Nurses
CASigned into law 06/2012P-12Proposed Federal Student-to-School Nurse Ratio Improvement Acts of 2011 and 2012
A.J.R. 24
Urges the state's congressional delegation to sign on as cosponsors of, and requests that Congress and the president enact, the proposed fed...

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CTSigned into law 05/2012P-12Family Resource Centers & School-Based Health Clinics
S.B. 458
(Sec. 8) Directs the education commissioner to establish at least 10 new family resource centers and at least 20 new or expanded school-base...

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GASigned into law 04/2012P-12School Nurse Programs
S.B. 183
Permits local boards' school health nurse programs to include consulation with offsite health care professionals through appropriate protoco...

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GASigned into law 04/2012P-12Funding for School Health Nurse Programs
S.B. 403
Includes school nurses in state funding formula based on full-time equivalent student counts. Requires one nurse for every 750 full-time equ...

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NEVetoed 04/2012P-12Coordinated School Health Act
L.B. 1020
Adopts the Nebraska Coordinated School Health Act. Provides for the state department to award grants to districts for the establishment of s...

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CASigned into law 07/2011P-12School-Based Health Centers
A.J.R. 10
From bill summary: Memorializes the legislature's support for the school-based health center program authorized by the federal Patient Prote...

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NCVeto overridden: legislature has overridden governor's veto 06/2011P-12School Nurses
H.B. 200 - School Nurses
Directs the fiscal research division, in consultation with the department of public instruction and the department of health and human servi...

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OHSigned into law 03/2011P-12School Nurses
H.B. 30 - School Nurses
Repeals provision directing the superintendent of public instruction, when adopting expenditure and reporting standards, to include standard...

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MEIssued 10/2010P-12School-Based H1N1 Vaccination Clinics
E.O. 05 FY 11/12
Directs the director of the Maine Emergency Management Agency to coordinate with the department of health and human services, Maine Center f...

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DCAdopted 07/2010P-12Health and Wellness
LB 18-564 - Health and Wellness
Requires public schools and charter schools to provide health education to students in grades K-8. Requires schools to collaborate with pare...

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MOSigned into law 06/2010P-12Health
H.B. 1543--Multiple Provisions
This bill: (1) exempts unqualified school district employees refusing to administer medication or medical services from disciplinary action ...

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NESigned into law 04/2010P-12School-Based Health Centers
L.B. 1106
From the fiscal note: Allows school-based health centers to be Medicaid providers. School-based health services may include medical health, ...

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WISigned into law 03/2010P-12
Postsec.
School Nurses, Medication Administration
S.B. 414
Relates to school nurses and the administration of drugs to pupils; requires nurses to meet the qualifications for school nurses; includes a...

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OHSigned into law 07/2009P-12School Nurse and Wellness Coordinator Licenses
H.B. 1 - Section 3319.221
Directs the state board to establish by rule the requirements for earning a school nurse license and a school nurse wellness coordinator lic...

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OHSigned into law 07/2009P-12School Health Services Advisory Council
H.B. 1 - Section 3319.70 and 3319.71
Establishes the school health services advisory council. Establishes membership. Provides the duties of the council are to make recommendati...

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ORSigned into law 06/2009P-12School Nurses
H.B. 2693
Establishes standards for number of licensed nurses or school nurses required for number of students based on health needs of students; appr...

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WISigned into law 06/2009P-12Funding Adjustments for School Safety Plans, School Nurses, Transportation, and Energy Efficiency
A.B. 75
Adds 121.91 (4) (L). Defines "local law enforcement agency". Provides additional funding if a local board and local law enforcement agency (...

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CASigned into law 09/2008P-12Student health
S.B. 564
Specifies that a school health center may conduct routine physical health, mental health, or oral health assessments, and provide for any se...

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KYSigned into law 04/2008P-12Health Services in a Family Resource or Youth Services Center
H.B. 640
As funding becomes available, authorizes a supplemental grant program to fund the employment of a licensed physician or nurse to provide hea...

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NESigned into law 04/2008P-12Funding for School-Based Health Clinics
L.B. 469
Allows funding from the Health Care Cash Fund to be used for school-based health clinics (formerly prohibited).
http://uniweb.legislature.n...

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NJSigned into law 01/2008P-12School Nurses
S.B. 2905
Clarifies that in nonpublic schools the school nurse would be required to recruit and train volunteer designees to administer epinephrine to...

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ILSigned into law 08/2007P-12School Health Center Act
S.B. 715
Creates the School Health Center Act. Requires the Department of Human Services to initiate 20 new school health centers over a five-year pe...

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ORSigned into law 06/2007P-12Task Force on School Nurses
H.B. 2773
Creates a Task Force on School Nurses to study the availability of nursing services in schools and the feasibility of expanding existing ser...

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HISigned into law 05/2007P-12School Health Aides
S.B. 98
Repeals the transfer from the department of health to the department of education those public health nurses who supervise the school health...

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INSigned into law 05/2007P-12
H.B. 1116
Requires an individual to have training in cardiopulmonary resuscitation, removing obstructions to a person's airway and the Heimlich maneuv...

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NVSigned into law 05/2007P-12
Postsec.
Community College
Physical Examinations
A.B. 354
Requires a physical examination before the completion of the first year of enrollment in elementary school. Requires examinations of height ...

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IASigned into law 04/2007P-12Guidance and Counseling Programs
S.F. 277 (Section 4)
Beginning July 1, 2007, requires every school district to have a qualified guidance counselor licensed by the board of educational examiners...

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IASigned into law 04/2007P-12Waivers from Certain Staffing Requirements
S.F. 277 (Section 5 and 8)
Section 5: Strikes and rewrites section 256.11A. Authorizes the board of directors of a school district to file a request by August 1, 2007 ...

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NMVetoed 04/2007P-12HPV Vaccine in School-Based Clinics
S.B. 1174
Relates to health care; provides for the Human Papillomavirus vaccine in school-based clinics.
http://legis.state.nm.us/Sessions/07%20Regula...

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MSSigned into law 03/2007P-12School Nurse Program
H.B. 1132
Establishes and provides funding for a school nurse program under department of education, run by the office of healthy schools. Specifies n...

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CASigned into law 09/2006P-12School Health Centers
A.B. 2560
Requires the Department of Health Services to establish a Public School Health Center Support Program to perform a specified functions relat...

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MOSigned into law 07/2006P-12Prefilled Epinephrine Syringes
H.B. 1245
Authorizes school nurses to keep on hand and adminster prefilled syringes of epinephrine in specified dosage strengths. Provides that when t...

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COSigned into law 05/2006P-12School-based Health Clinics
H.B. 1396
Creates a grant program in the prevention services division of the department of public health and environment for the purpose of providing ...

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NYSigned into law 08/2005P-12Using school space to improve student access to health
S.B. 5352
Provides for the utilization of school space to improve student access to health, dental and mental health clinic services through interagen...

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SCSigned into law 06/2005P-12Physical Education, School Health Services, and Nutritional Standards
H.B. 3499
Adds Chapter 10, entitled Physical Education, School Health Services, and Nutritional Standards. Applies to elementary schools. Sets the amo...

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CASigned into law 09/2004P-12Health Services Authorization Affidavit
A.B. 2855 (multiple provisions)
Section 12: Existing law deems a pupil to have complied with the residency requirements for school attendance in a school district if the pu...

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NYSigned into law 09/2004P-12School Health Services
A.B. 11317
Relates to the provision of school health services; requires school health services shall be provided by each school district for all studen...

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ALIssued 08/2004P-12
Postsec.
Community College
Governor's Commission on Education Spending
Executive Order No. 02-2003
The governor issued Executive Order No. 02-2003 on January 30, 2003, creating the Governor's Commission of Education Spending. The Commissio...

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ALRule Adoption 07/2004P-12Delegation by School Nurses
AAC 610-X-6-.06
Establishes rules reducing the minimum training hours for unlicensed school personnel from 24 to 12 in order for the school nurse to delegat...

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CTSigned into law 06/2004P-12School Nurses and Medication in Schools
H.B. 5429
Requires each local regional board of education that allows a school or other licensed nurse to administer medicine or that allows a student...

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ARSigned into law 02/2004P-12School Nurses
H.B. 1141
Relates to school nurses; provides for an appropriate school nurse- to-student ratio to effectively meet the health care needs of school chi...

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ARSigned into law 01/2004P-12School Nurse
H.B. 1070
Requires one full time or the proportionate share of one full time school nurse in each school district. http://www.arkleg.state.ar.us/ftpro...

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CASigned into law 10/2003P-12Emergency Medical Services: Diabetes
A.B. 942
Authorizes a school district, in the absence of a credentialed school nurse or other licensed nurse, to provide voluntary emergency medical ...

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DERule Adoption 10/2003P-12Certification School Nurse
14 DAC 1580
Amends regulation 380 and moves it to regulation 1580, Certification School Nurse. Complies with changes in statute regarding licensure and ...

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NMSigned into law 04/2003P-12Emergency Pilot Program to Assist Public School
H.B. 528
Authorizes implementation of a pilot program to train and certify school medication aides to assist public school students with medication; ...

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KYSigned into law 03/2003P-12Primary Care Centers In Schools
H.B. 328
Authorizes a not-for-profit primary care center which is a participant in the State Patient Access and Care System of the Department for Med...

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MDSigned into law 05/2002P-12Special Needs Children and the State School-Based Health Center Policy Advisory Council
H.B. 1386
Renames State Coordinating Countil for Residential Placement of Handicapped Children as State Coordinating Council for Children. Adds Maryl...

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MDSigned into law 05/2002P-12School-Based Health Center Policy Advisory Council
H.B. 1163
Codifies the School-Based Health Center Policy Advisory Council; provides for membership, chairman, purpose, duties; provides for creation w...

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HISigned into law 05/2001P-12Full Time Nurses In Schools
H.B. 284
Appropriates funds to the Department of Health for full time registered nurses for the State's public schools and for a grant to the Organ D...

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TNSigned into law 02/2000P-12Coordinated Health Program
H.B. 674
Provides for coordinated school health program; requires program to include, but not be limited to, school nurses, health education, school ...

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+ Health--Suicide Prevention
+ Health--Teen Pregnancy
+ High School
+ High School--Advanced Placement
+ High School--College Readiness
+ High School--Credit Recovery
+ High School--Dropout Rates/Graduation Rates
+ High School--Dual/Concurrent Enrollment
+ High School--Early Colleges/Middle Colleges
+ High School--Exit Exams
+ High School--GED (General Education Development)
+ High School--Graduation Requirements
+ High School--International Baccalaureate
+ Instructional Approaches
+ Instructional Approaches--Constructivism
+ Instructional Approaches--Grading Practices
+ Instructional Approaches--Homeschooling
+ Instructional Approaches--Homework/Study Skills
+ Instructional Approaches--Official English
+ Instructional Approaches--Problem Based Learning
+ Instructional Approaches--Single-Sex Education
+ Instructional Approaches--Time/Time on Task
+ Instructional Approaches--Tracking/Ability Grouping
+ Integrated Services/Full-Service Schools
+ International Benchmarking
+ Leadership
+ Leadership--District Superintendent
+ Leadership--District Superintendent--Compensation and Diversified Pay
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Certification and Licensure
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Compensation and Diversified Pay
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Evaluation and Effectiveness
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Induction Programs and Mentoring
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Preparation
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Preparation--Alternative
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Professional Development
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Recruitment and Retention
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Tenure
+ Middle School
+ Minority/Diversity Issues
+ Minority/Diversity Issues--African American
+ Minority/Diversity Issues--American Indian / Alaska Native / Native Hawaiian
+ Minority/Diversity Issues--Hispanic
+ No Child Left Behind
+ No Child Left Behind--Adequate Yearly Progress
+ No Child Left Behind--Assessment
+ No Child Left Behind--Choice/Transfer
+ No Child Left Behind--Consequences for Schools
+ No Child Left Behind--Finance
+ No Child Left Behind--Parent Involvement
+ No Child Left Behind--Reauthorization Issues/Waivers
+ No Child Left Behind--Report Cards
+ No Child Left Behind--School Support
+ No Child Left Behind--Special Populations
+ No Child Left Behind--Supplemental Services
+ Online Learning--Digital/Blended Learning
+ Online Learning--Virtual Schools/Courses
+ P-16 or P-20
+ P-3
+ P-3 Brain Development
+ P-3 Child Care
+ P-3 Content Standards and Assessment
+ P-3 Data Systems
+ P-3 Early Intervention (0-3)
+ P-3 Ensuring Quality
+ P-3 Evaluation/Economic Benefits
+ P-3 Family Involvement
+ P-3 Finance
+ P-3 Governance
+ P-3 Grades 1-3
+ P-3 Health and Mental Health
+ P-3 Kindergarten
+ P-3 Kindergarten--Full-Day Kindergarten
+ P-3 Kindergarten--Full Day Kindergarten
+ P-3 Preschool
+ P-3 Public/Private Partnerships
+ P-3 Special Ed./Inclusion
+ P-3 Teaching Quality/Professional Development
+ Parent/Family
+ Parent/Family--Parent Rights
+ Parent/Family--Research
+ Partnerships--University/School
+ Postsecondary
+ Postsecondary Accountability
+ Postsecondary Accountability--Accreditation
+ Postsecondary Accountability--Diploma Mills
+ Postsecondary Accountability--Licensing/Program Review and Approval
+ Postsecondary Accountability--Student Learning
+ Postsecondary Affordability
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Financial Aid
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Textbooks
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees--Prepd/College Savings Plans
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees--Undocumented Immigrants
+ Postsecondary Faculty
+ Postsecondary Faculty--Compensation
+ Postsecondary Faculty--Intellectual Property
+ Postsecondary Faculty--Teaching Assistants
+ Postsecondary Faculty--Tenure
+ Postsecondary Finance
+ Postsecondary Finance--Efficiency/Performance-Based Funding
+ Postsecondary Finance--Facilities
+ Postsecondary Finance--Revenue and Expenditures
+ Postsecondary Governance and Structures
+ Postsecondary Governance and Structures--Administrative/Leadership Issues
+ Postsecondary Governance and Structures--State Executives/State Agencies
+ Postsecondary Institutions
+ Postsecondary Institutions--Community/Technical Colleges
+ Postsecondary Institutions--For-Profit/Proprietary
+ Postsecondary Institutions--Four-Year Baccalaureate
+ Postsecondary Institutions--HBCUs/Minority-Serving Institutions
+ Postsecondary Institutions--Private/Independent
+ Postsecondary Online Instruction
+ Postsecondary Participation
+ Postsecondary Participation--Access
+ Postsecondary Participation--Admissions Requirements
+ Postsecondary Participation--Affirmative Action
+ Postsecondary Participation--Enrollments (Statistics)
+ Postsecondary Participation--Outreach
+ Postsecondary Students
+ Postsecondary Students--Adults
+ Postsecondary Students--Disabled
+ Postsecondary Students--Foster Youth
+ Postsecondary Students--Graduate/Professional
+ Postsecondary Students--International
+ Postsecondary Students--Low-Income
+ Postsecondary Students--Military
+ Postsecondary Students--Minority
+ Postsecondary Success
+ Postsecondary Success--Completion
+ Postsecondary Success--Completion--Completion Rates (Statistics)
+ Postsecondary Success--Developmental/Remediation
+ Postsecondary Success--Retention/Persistence
+ Postsecondary Success--Transfer/Articulation
+ Private Schools
+ Privatization
+ Privatization--Education Management Agencies (EMOs)
+ Proficiency-Based Approaches
+ Promising Practices
+ Promotion/Retention
+ Public Involvement
+ Purposes of Public Education
+ Reading/Literacy
+ Reading/Literacy--Adult Literacy
+ Religion
+ Religion--Prayer/Meditation
+ Religion--Scientific Creationism (Evolution)
+ Rural
+ Scheduling/School Calendar
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Day/Class Length
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Extended Day Programs
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Summer School
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Week
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Year
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Year Round
+ School Climate/Culture
+ School Safety
+ School Safety--Bullying Prevention/Conflict Resolution
+ School Safety--Code of Conduct
+ School Safety--Corporal Punishment
+ School Safety--Disaster/Emergency Preparedness
+ School Safety--Expulsion/Suspension
+ School Safety--No Child Left Behind--Safe Schools
+ School Safety--Sexual Harassment and Assault
+ School Safety--Special Education
+ School Safety--Uniforms/Dress Codes
+ School/District Structure/Operations
+ School/District Structure/Operations--District Consolidation/Deconsolidation
+ School/District Structure/Operations--District Size
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Facilities
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Food Service
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Libraries
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Org. (K-3/K-8 etc.)
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Personnel (Non-Teaching)
+ School/District Structure/Operations--School Size
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Shared Services
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Staffing Ratios
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Transportation
+ Service-Learning
+ Special Education
+ Special Education--Federal Law/Regulations
+ Special Education--Finance
+ Special Education--Inclusion (Mainstreaming)
+ Special Education--Placement
+ Special Education--Transition
+ Special Populations--Corrections Education
+ Special Populations--Foster Care
+ Special Populations--Gifted and Talented
+ Special Populations--Homeless Education
+ Special Populations--Immigrant Education
+ Special Populations--Migrant Education
+ Special Populations--Military
+ Standards
+ Standards--Common Core State Standards
+ Standards--Implementation
+ State Comparisons/Statistics
+ State Longitudinal Data Systems
+ State Policymaking
+ State Policymaking--Ballot Questions
+ State Policymaking--Constitutional Clauses
+ State Policymaking--Politics
+ State Policymaking--Task Forces/Commissions
+ STEM
+ Student Achievement
+ Student Achievement--Closing the Achievement Gap
+ Student Achievement--State Trends
+ Student Supports--Counseling/Guidance
+ Student Supports--Mentoring/Tutoring
+ Student Supports--Remediation
+ Student Surveys
+ Students
+ Students--Athletics/Extracurricular Activities
+ Students--Employment
+ Students--Incentives
+ Students--K-12 Exchange Students
+ Students--Mobility
+ Students--Records/Rights
+ Teaching Quality
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Alternative
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Assignment
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Highly Qualified Teachers
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Natl. Bd. for Prof. Teach. Stds.
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Special Education
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--State Prof. Standards Bds.
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Substitute Teachers
+ Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay
+ Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay--Pay-for-Performance
+ Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay--Retirement/Benefits
+ Teaching Quality--Evaluation and Effectiveness
+ Teaching Quality--Induction Programs and Mentoring
+ Teaching Quality--Paraprofessionals
+ Teaching Quality--Preparation
+ Teaching Quality--Professional Development
+ Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention
+ Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention--At-Risk Schools
+ Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention--High-Needs Subjects
+ Teaching Quality--Reduction in Force
+ Teaching Quality--Teacher Attitudes
+ Teaching Quality--Teacher Contracts (Not Tenure)
+ Teaching Quality--Teacher Rights
+ Teaching Quality--Tenure or Continuing Contract
+ Teaching Quality--Unions/Collective Bargaining
+ Teaching Quality--Unions/Collective Bargaining--Strikes
+ Teaching Quality--Working Conditions
+ Technology
+ Technology--Computer Skills
+ Technology--Devices/Software/Hardware
+ Technology--Equitable Access
+ Technology--Funding Issues
+ Technology--Internet Safety
+ Technology--Research/Evaluation
+ Technology--Teacher/Faculty Training
+ Textbooks and Open Source
+ Urban
+ Urban--Change/Improvements
+ Urban--Governance
+ Whole-School Reform Models
+ Whole Child