ECS
From the ECS State Policy Database
1994-2012

Education Commission of the States • 700 Broadway, Suite 810 • Denver, CO 80203-3442 • 303.299.3600 • fax 303.296.8332 • www.ecs.org

The following summary includes policies ECS has tracked in this database since 1994. This database is made possible by your state's fiscal support of the Education Commission of the States (ECS). Most entries are legislative, although rules/regulations and executive orders that make substantive changes are included. Every effort is made to collect the latest available version of policies; in some instances, recent changes might not be reflected. For expediency purposes minimal attention has been paid to style (capitalization, punctuation) and format. To view the documents, click on the blue triangle next to the topic of interest.

Please cite use of the database as: Education Commission of the States (ECS) State Policy Database, retrieved [date].

State Status/Date Level Summary
+ 21st Century Skills
+ Accountability
+ Accountability--Accreditation
+ Accountability--Measures/Indicators
+ Accountability--Reporting Results
+ Accountability--Rewards
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--Learnfare
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--No Pass No Drive
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--No Pass No Play
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--Takeovers
+ Accountability--School Improvement
+ Adult Basic Education
+ Assessment
+ Assessment--Accommodations
+ Assessment--College Entrance Exams
+ Assessment--Computer Based
+ Assessment--End-of-Course
+ Assessment--Formative/Interim
+ Assessment--High Stakes/Competency
+ Assessment--Legal Issues
+ Assessment--NAEP (NAEP Results and NAEP Organization)
+ Assessment--Performance Based/Portfolio
+ Assessment--Value Added
+ At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)
+ At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)--Alternative Education
+ At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)--Drugs/Alcohol
+ Attendance
+ Attendance--Compulsory
+ Attendance--Statutory Ages (Upper and Lower)
+ Attendance--Truancy
+ Background Checks
+ Bilingual/ESL
+ Brain Research
+ Business Involvement
+ Career/Technical Education
+ Career/Technical Education--Career Academies/Apprenticeship
+ Cheating
+ Choice of Schools
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Charter Districts
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Closings
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Cyber Charters
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Finance
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Research
+ Choice of Schools--Choice/Open Enrollment
+ Choice of Schools--Choice/Open Enrollment--Research
+ Choice of Schools--Innovation Schools
+ Choice of Schools--Magnet or Specialized Schools
+ Choice of Schools--Tax Credits
+ Choice of Schools--Vouchers
+ Choice of Schools--Vouchers--Privately Funded
+ Civic Education
+ Civic Education--Character Education
+ Civic Education--Civic Knowledge and Literacy
+ Civic Education--Curriculum/Standards
+ Civic Education--Pledge of Allegiance
+ Class Size
+ Curriculum
+ Curriculum--Alignment
+ Curriculum--Arts Education
+ Curriculum--Censorship
+ Curriculum--Core Curriculum
+ Curriculum--Drivers Education
+ Curriculum--Environmental Education
+ Curriculum--Excusal
+ Curriculum--Family Living Education
+ Curriculum--Financial Literacy/Economics Ed.
+ Curriculum--Foreign Language/Sign Language
+ Curriculum--Geography Education
+ Curriculum--Health/Nutrition Education
+ Curriculum--Home Economics
+ Curriculum--International Education
+ Curriculum--Language Arts
+ Curriculum--Language Arts--Writing/Spelling
+ Curriculum--Mathematics
+ Curriculum--Multicultural
+ Curriculum--Physical Education
+ Curriculum--Science
+ Curriculum--Sex Education
+ Curriculum--Social Studies/History
+ Curriculum--Speech Education
+ Data-Driven Improvement
+ Demographics
+ Demographics--Condition of Children/Adults
+ Demographics--Enrollments
+ Desegregation
+ Economic/Workforce Development
+ Education Research
+ Equity
+ Federal
+ Finance
+ Finance--Adequacy/Core Cost
+ Finance--Aid to Private Schools
+ Finance--Bonds
+ Finance--District
+ Finance--Does Money Matter?
+ Finance--Equity
+ Finance--Facilities
+ Finance--Federal
+ Finance--Funding Formulas
+ Finance--Litigation
+ Finance--Local Foundations/Funds
+ Finance--Lotteries
+ Finance--Performance Funding
+ Finance--Private Giving
+ Finance--Resource Efficiency
+ Finance--State Budgets/Expenditures
+ Finance--Student Fees
+ Finance--Taxes/Revenues
+ Finance--Taxes/Revenues--Alternative Revenues
+ Governance
+ Governance--Deregulation/Waivers/Home Rule
+ Governance--Ethics/Conflict of Interest
+ Governance--Mandates
+ Governance--Regional Entities
+ Governance--School Boards
+ Governance--School Boards--Training
+ Governance--Site-Based Management
+ Governance--State Boards/Chiefs/Agencies
+ Health
+ Health--Child Abuse
+ Health--Mental Health
+ Health--Nutrition
+ Health--School Based Clinics or School Nurses
+ Health--Suicide Prevention
+ Health--Teen Pregnancy
+ High School
+ High School--Advanced Placement
+ High School--College Readiness
+ High School--Credit Recovery
+ High School--Dropout Rates/Graduation Rates
+ High School--Dual/Concurrent Enrollment
+ High School--Early Colleges/Middle Colleges
+ High School--Exit Exams
+ High School--GED (General Education Development)
+ High School--Graduation Requirements
+ High School--International Baccalaureate
+ Instructional Approaches
+ Instructional Approaches--Constructivism
+ Instructional Approaches--Grading Practices
+ Instructional Approaches--Homeschooling
+ Instructional Approaches--Homework/Study Skills
+ Instructional Approaches--Official English
+ Instructional Approaches--Problem Based Learning
+ Instructional Approaches--Single-Sex Education
+ Instructional Approaches--Time/Time on Task
+ Instructional Approaches--Tracking/Ability Grouping
+ Integrated Services/Full-Service Schools
+ International Benchmarking
+ Leadership
+ Leadership--District Superintendent
+ Leadership--District Superintendent--Compensation and Diversified Pay
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Certification and Licensure
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Compensation and Diversified Pay
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Evaluation and Effectiveness
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Induction Programs and Mentoring
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Preparation
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Preparation--Alternative
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Professional Development
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Recruitment and Retention
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Tenure
+ Middle School
+ Minority/Diversity Issues
+ Minority/Diversity Issues--African American
+ Minority/Diversity Issues--American Indian / Alaska Native / Native Hawaiian
+ Minority/Diversity Issues--Hispanic
+ No Child Left Behind
+ No Child Left Behind--Adequate Yearly Progress
+ No Child Left Behind--Assessment
+ No Child Left Behind--Choice/Transfer
+ No Child Left Behind--Consequences for Schools
+ No Child Left Behind--Finance
+ No Child Left Behind--Parent Involvement
+ No Child Left Behind--Reauthorization Issues/Waivers
+ No Child Left Behind--Report Cards
+ No Child Left Behind--School Support
+ No Child Left Behind--Special Populations
+ No Child Left Behind--Supplemental Services
+ Online Learning--Digital/Blended Learning
+ Online Learning--Virtual Schools/Courses
+ P-16 or P-20
+ P-3
+ P-3 Brain Development
+ P-3 Child Care
+ P-3 Content Standards and Assessment
+ P-3 Data Systems
+ P-3 Early Intervention (0-3)
+ P-3 Ensuring Quality
+ P-3 Evaluation/Economic Benefits
+ P-3 Family Involvement
+ P-3 Finance
+ P-3 Governance
+ P-3 Grades 1-3
+ P-3 Health and Mental Health
+ P-3 Kindergarten
+ P-3 Kindergarten--Full-Day Kindergarten
+ P-3 Kindergarten--Full Day Kindergarten
+ P-3 Preschool
+ P-3 Public/Private Partnerships
+ P-3 Special Ed./Inclusion
+ P-3 Teaching Quality/Professional Development
+ Parent/Family
+ Parent/Family--Parent Rights
+ Parent/Family--Research
+ Partnerships--University/School
+ Postsecondary
+ Postsecondary Accountability
+ Postsecondary Accountability--Accreditation
+ Postsecondary Accountability--Diploma Mills
+ Postsecondary Accountability--Licensing/Program Review and Approval
+ Postsecondary Accountability--Student Learning
+ Postsecondary Affordability
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Financial Aid
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Textbooks
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees--Prepd/College Savings Plans
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees--Undocumented Immigrants
+ Postsecondary Faculty
+ Postsecondary Faculty--Compensation
+ Postsecondary Faculty--Intellectual Property
+ Postsecondary Faculty--Teaching Assistants
+ Postsecondary Faculty--Tenure
+ Postsecondary Finance
+ Postsecondary Finance--Efficiency/Performance-Based Funding
+ Postsecondary Finance--Facilities
+ Postsecondary Finance--Revenue and Expenditures
+ Postsecondary Governance and Structures
+ Postsecondary Governance and Structures--Administrative/Leadership Issues
+ Postsecondary Governance and Structures--State Executives/State Agencies
+ Postsecondary Institutions
+ Postsecondary Institutions--Community/Technical Colleges
+ Postsecondary Institutions--For-Profit/Proprietary
+ Postsecondary Institutions--Four-Year Baccalaureate
+ Postsecondary Institutions--HBCUs/Minority-Serving Institutions
+ Postsecondary Institutions--Private/Independent
+ Postsecondary Online Instruction
+ Postsecondary Participation
+ Postsecondary Participation--Access
+ Postsecondary Participation--Admissions Requirements
+ Postsecondary Participation--Affirmative Action
+ Postsecondary Participation--Enrollments (Statistics)
+ Postsecondary Participation--Outreach
+ Postsecondary Students
+ Postsecondary Students--Adults
+ Postsecondary Students--Disabled
+ Postsecondary Students--Foster Youth
+ Postsecondary Students--Graduate/Professional
+ Postsecondary Students--International
+ Postsecondary Students--Low-Income
+ Postsecondary Students--Military
+ Postsecondary Students--Minority
- Postsecondary Success
CASigned into law 09/2012Postsec.Ror each Cal Grant participating institution, requires the Student Aid Commission to provide in a searchable database on its website (1) enrollment, persistence, and graduation data for all undergraduate students, including aggregate information on Cal Grant recipients, and (2) the job placement rate and salary and wage information for each undergraduate program that is either designed or advertised to lead to a
particular type of job or advertised or promoted with a claim regarding job placement. Requires Student Aid Commission to also provide on its website other information and links that are useful to students and parents who are in the process of selecting a college or university, including, but not limited to, local occupational profiles available through the Employment Development Department's Labor Market Information Data Library. http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/11-12/bill/sen/sb_1101-1150/sb_1103_bill_20120907_chaptered.pdf
Title: S.B. 1103
Source: www.leginfo.ca.gov

CASigned into law 09/2012Community CollegeFrom bill summary: Revises and recasts the Seymour-Campbell Matriculation Act of 1986, and renames it the Seymour-Campbell Student Success Act of 2012. States the purpose of the Act as increasing California community college access and success by providing effective core matriculation services of orientation, assessment and placement, counseling, and other education planning services, and academic interventions. Specifies the responsibilities of students and institutions in entering into the matriculation process. Requires the California Community Colleges board of governors to develop a formula for allocating funding for the Student Success and Support Program that will be implemented under the act. Specifies that, in the 2012–13 fiscal year and each fiscal year thereafter, the act is operative only if funds are specifically appropriated for its purposes.

Requires the Legislative Analyst's Office to review and report specified information regarding the Seymour-Campbell Student Success Act of 2012 to the appropriate policy and fiscal committees of the Legislature by July 1, 2014, and by July 1 of every even-numbered year thereafter. Pages 3-4, 10-18 of 32: http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/11-12/bill/sen/sb_1451-1500/sb_1456_bill_20120927_chaptered.pdf
Title: S.B. 1456 - Community College Orientation, Assessment and Placement, Counseling, and Academic Interventions
Source: www.leginfo.ca.gov

VASigned into law 04/2012Postsec.Requires public and private nonprofit institutions of higher education to publish data on the proportion of graduates with employment at 18 months and five years after the date of graduation. The data shall include the major and degree program, percentage of employment in the Commonwealth, average salary, and average higher education-related debt of graduates. The provisions of this bill will expire on June 30, 2017.
http://lis.virginia.gov/cgi-bin/legp604.exe?121+ful+HB639ER+pdf
Title: H.B. 639
Source: http://lis.virginia.gov/

LASigned into law 06/2011Postsec.Revises the Louisiana Granting Resources and Autonomy for Diplomas Act (LA GRAD Act) to provide for additional operational autonomies to be granted to public postsecondary education institutions, including but not limited to authority and exemptions relative to budgetary management, capital outlay and procurement. Addresses required reporting by public institutions and certain cost data to be included, renewal periods of institutions' performance agreements by the Board of Regents, and achievement of certain standards for retention of first-year students. Requires the Board of Regents to report on the standardization of student tracking and records systems and the performance of institutions.
http://www.legis.state.la.us/billdata/streamdocument.asp?did=761954
Title: H.B. 549
Source: http://www.legis.state.la.us

LAAdopted 06/2011Postsec.Urges the Louisiana Board of Regents to aggressively and fully implement its previously established admission standards, those standards the board set for implementation in 2012 and 2014, and additional admission standards as warranted; that the board continue to ensure that developmental education and associate degree programs be delivered by the two-year
institutions unless there is a lack of capacity in a region to do so. Requests that the board include in its Master Plan the concepts outlined in the Resolution, and that the board track the data requested by the legislature. The Master Plan will outline the long-term goals for institutions through 2025 and focus more on student succes than access, including increasing completion rates. The resolution also mentions the need for postsecondary education to play a role in advancing the workforce and economic development needs of Louisiana. The Board of Regents is required to submit a written report of its progress to the legislature not later than March 1, 2012.
http://www.legis.state.la.us/billdata/streamdocument.asp?did=758634
Title: H.C.R. 121
Source: http://www.legis.state.la.us

MISigned into law 06/2011Postsec.
Community College
From Legislative Staff Summary: Creates a committee to develop a common set of scores using the ACT assessment to determine placement in developmental courses. Requires the senate and house appropriations subcommittees on community colleges to review the estimated costs and benefits of each statutory mandate imposed on community colleges and report their findings. Provides that it is the intent of the Legislature that the Performance Indicators Task Force review and implement one or more measurable data items. http://www.legislature.mi.gov/documents/2011-2012/publicact/htm/2011-PA-0062.htm
Title: H.B. 4325 - Postsecondary Provisions
Source: http://www.legislature.mi.gov

TXSigned into law 06/2011Postsec.Directs the higher education coordinating board to establish a method by September 2012 for assessing the quality and effectiveness of academic advising services available to students at each institution of higher education. Establishes parameters for the method of assessment. http://www.legis.state.tx.us/tlodocs/82R/billtext/pdf/SB00036F.pdf#navpanes=0
Title: S.B. 36
Source: www.legis.state.tx.us

WVSigned into law 05/2011Postsec.Authorizes the Higher Education Policy Commission to collect and disseminate information concerning higher education institutions. Requires each institution to annually provide the commission, as requested, all information the commission or council considers necessary to assess the performance of the institution and to determine whether the institution continues to meet the minimum standards for conferring degrees. This information includes, but is not limited to:(1) Consumer information the commission or council considers necessary, including, but not limited to, graduation and retention rates, transfers, post-graduation placements, loan defaults and numbers and types of student complaints; (2) A detailed explanation of financial operations including, but not limited to, policies, formulas and procedures related to calculation, payment and refund for all tuition and fees; and (3) An assessment of the adequacy of the institution's curriculum, personnel, facilities, materials and equipment to meet the minimum standards for conferring degrees. Permits the commission to revoke an institution's authority to confer degrees when the institution's governing body, chief executive officer, or both, have done any one or more of the following: (1) Failed to maintain the minimum standards for conferring degrees; (2) Refused or willfully failed to provide information to the commission or council pursuant to this subsection in a manner and within a reasonable time frame as established by the commission or council, as appropriate; or (3) Willfully provided false, misleading or incomplete information to the commission or council. Requires the commission to compile the information collected and report on the information to the Legislature annually beginning December 1, 2012. Requires the report to be made available to the public. http://www.legis.state.wv.us/bill_status/bills_text.cfm?billdoc=sb375%20ENR.htm&yr=2011&sesstype=RS&i=375
Title: S.B. 375
Source: http://www.legis.state.wv.us

ARSigned into law 03/2011P-12
Postsec.
Community College
Requires each public school administering the college readiness assessment to provide the basis for the counseling concerning postsecondary preparatory programs. Requires development of postsecondary prep programs, reporting on effectiveness of postsecondary preparation programs, progress on development of such programs, and defines college-readiness assessments and benchmarks. Requires that programs provide remediation to eligible students, form remediation must take and hours/days it may take place. Requires school counselors to encourage particicipation of certain students. Defines eligibility and priority for students. Enables students to take placement test at no cost to themselves.
http://www.arkleg.state.ar.us/assembly/2011/2011R/Bills/HB1617.pdf
Title: H.B. 1617
Source: http://www.arkleg.state.ar.us/

ARSigned into law 03/2011P-12
Postsec.
Community College
Establishes the Arkansas College and Career Readiness standards. Develops criteria to evaluate, support, promote and fund career and technical education programs. Directs the Department of Career Education to work in collaboration with the Department of Education and the Department of Higher Education to develop college and career readiness program standards for career and technical education program of study courses. Students may earn postsecondary credits for career and technical education program of study courses that lead to a postsecondary credential, certificate, or degree.
6-5-903. College and career readiness program standards. 34

http://www.arkleg.state.ar.us/assembly/2011/2011R/Acts/Act743.pdf
Title: H.B. 1620
Source: http://www.arkleg.state.ar.us

CASigned into law 09/2010Community College
Postsec.
Directs the Board of Governors of the California Community Colleges to adopt a plan for promoting and improving student success within the California Community Colleges. Directs the board of governors to establish a taskforce to examine best practices in the community colleges and effective models nationwide for achieving student success. Directs the taskforce to develop and present recommendations to the board of governors for incorporation into the plan. Requires that these recommendations focus on, but not be limited to, the following considerations:

(1) Multiple measures and effective programs for assessing student success and completion, including attaining college-level skills, accumulating college-level course credits, earning a degree or certificate, or transferring to a four-year college or university
(2) Statutory and regulatory barriers to student success and completion
(3) Best practices for promoting student success and completion, including, but not limited to, the acquisition of basic skills
(4) Alternative funding options for providing necessary services to students and promoting best practices for student success and completion
(5) Alternative funding options instituted in other states for improving student success and completion
(6) The effective use of technology by community colleges and districts to promote, evaluate and improve student success and completion

Directs the taskforce, prior to presenting its recommendations to the board of governors, to facilitate discussions with key community college stakeholders and other appropriate parties to provide input on the findings and recommendations. Directs the board of governors, prior to implementing the plan, to report the contents of the plan and the taskforce's recommendations to the senate committee
on education and the assembly committee on higher education at a joint hearing by March 1, 2012. http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/09-10/bill/sen/sb_1101-1150/sb_1143_bill_20100928_chaptered.pdf
Title: S.B. 1143
Source: www.leginfo.ca.gov

CAVetoed 09/2010Community College
Postsec.
Requires the board of governors of the California Community Colleges to establish a pilot project that seeks to create a centrally delivered system of student assessment to be used as one of multiple measures for community college placement and advisement. Provides that the pilot must include creation of:
(1) A single assessment instrument in English, math and English as a second language ("the California Community Colleges Common Assessment")
(2) A secure, centrally housed data warehouse to collect (a) all available assessment scores generated by assessed students at all participating community colleges, and (b) all available K–12 assessment data and transcript information for students at all participating community colleges. Requires that use of this data be limited to placing and advising community college students to enhance their success with and completion of their postsecondary education objectives.
(3) A Web portal accessible to community college personnel and students and that provides: (a) An assessment profile, generated for each student upon request, that includes all assessment information in the data warehouse, for purposes of counseling, matriculation and course placement; (b) A pretest application that emulates the structure of the centrally delivered student assessment that students can practice on and familiarize themselves with before taking future assessments; (c) An advisement tool that provides students with information on historical success rates of remedial courses for students at various levels of academic remediation.

Requires the board to convene an advisory committee for the pilot project and report on specified progress by February 28, 2011. Requires that the report include estimated costs for full implementation of the centralized delivery and warehousing of assessment instruments, as well as the technical feasibility of expanding the pilot project, legislative changes needed, and the best model for providing ongoing funding for the pilot project. Requires the office of the Chancellor of the California Community Colleges, in developing the California Community Colleges Common Assessment, to use the existing test item banks created by the California State University and the K-12 system as part of the state's college readiness assessment. Requires the office of the chancellor of the California Community Colleges to work with the California State
University to align and leverage the state's college readiness assessment to facilitate the implementation of the California Community Colleges Common Assessment.
Bill text: http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/09-10/bill/asm/ab_2651-2700/ab_2682_bill_20100908_enrolled.pdf
Governor's veto message: http://dl5.activatedirect.com/fs/distribution:letterFile/yvcee9xanplikz_files/z5yw8s8x3up0x3?&_c=d|yvcee9xanplikz|z5yxksmilkmaj8&_ce=1289861485.234b57d44a3ea07ba24a86f8c3de5d17
Title: A.B. 2682
Source: www.leginfo.ca.gov

+ Postsecondary Success--Completion
+ Postsecondary Success--Completion--Completion Rates (Statistics)
+ Postsecondary Success--Developmental/Remediation
+ Postsecondary Success--Retention/Persistence
+ Postsecondary Success--Transfer/Articulation
+ Private Schools
+ Privatization
+ Privatization--Education Management Agencies (EMOs)
+ Proficiency-Based Approaches
+ Promising Practices
+ Promotion/Retention
+ Public Attitudes
+ Public Involvement
+ Purposes of Public Education
+ Reading/Literacy
+ Reading/Literacy--Adult Literacy
+ Religion
+ Religion--Prayer/Meditation
+ Religion--Scientific Creationism (Evolution)
+ Rural
+ Scheduling/School Calendar
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Day/Class Length
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Extended Day Programs
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Summer School
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Week
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Year
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Year Round
+ School Climate/Culture
+ School Safety
+ School Safety--Bullying Prevention/Conflict Resolution
+ School Safety--Code of Conduct
+ School Safety--Corporal Punishment
+ School Safety--Disaster/Emergency Preparedness
+ School Safety--Expulsion/Suspension
+ School Safety--No Child Left Behind--Safe Schools
+ School Safety--Sexual Harassment and Assault
+ School Safety--Special Education
+ School Safety--Uniforms/Dress Codes
+ School/District Structure/Operations
+ School/District Structure/Operations--District Consolidation/Deconsolidation
+ School/District Structure/Operations--District Size
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Facilities
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Food Service
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Libraries
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Org. (K-3/K-8 etc.)
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Personnel (Non-Teaching)
+ School/District Structure/Operations--School Size
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Shared Services
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Staffing Ratios
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Transportation
+ Service-Learning
+ Special Education
+ Special Education--Federal Law/Regulations
+ Special Education--Finance
+ Special Education--Inclusion (Mainstreaming)
+ Special Education--Placement
+ Special Education--Transition
+ Special Populations--Corrections Education
+ Special Populations--Foster Care
+ Special Populations--Gifted and Talented
+ Special Populations--Homeless Education
+ Special Populations--Immigrant Education
+ Special Populations--Migrant Education
+ Special Populations--Military
+ Standards
+ Standards--Common Core State Standards
+ Standards--Implementation
+ State Comparisons/Statistics
+ State Longitudinal Data Systems
+ State Policymaking
+ State Policymaking--Ballot Questions
+ State Policymaking--Constitutional Clauses
+ State Policymaking--Politics
+ State Policymaking--Task Forces/Commissions
+ STEM
+ Student Achievement
+ Student Achievement--Closing the Achievement Gap
+ Student Achievement--State Trends
+ Student Supports
+ Student Supports--Counseling/Guidance
+ Student Supports--Mentoring/Tutoring
+ Student Supports--Remediation
+ Student Surveys
+ Students
+ Students--Athletics/Extracurricular Activities
+ Students--Employment
+ Students--Incentives
+ Students--K-12 Exchange Students
+ Students--Mobility
+ Students--Records/Rights
+ Teaching Quality
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Alternative
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Assignment
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Highly Qualified Teachers
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Natl. Bd. for Prof. Teach. Stds.
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Special Education
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--State Prof. Standards Bds.
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Substitute Teachers
+ Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay
+ Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay--Pay-for-Performance
+ Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay--Retirement/Benefits
+ Teaching Quality--Evaluation and Effectiveness
+ Teaching Quality--Induction Programs and Mentoring
+ Teaching Quality--Paraprofessionals
+ Teaching Quality--Preparation
+ Teaching Quality--Professional Development
+ Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention
+ Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention--At-Risk Schools
+ Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention--High-Needs Subjects
+ Teaching Quality--Reduction in Force
+ Teaching Quality--Teacher Attitudes
+ Teaching Quality--Teacher Contracts (Not Tenure)
+ Teaching Quality--Teacher Rights
+ Teaching Quality--Tenure or Continuing Contract
+ Teaching Quality--Unions/Collective Bargaining
+ Teaching Quality--Unions/Collective Bargaining--Strikes
+ Teaching Quality--Working Conditions
+ Technology
+ Technology--Computer Skills
+ Technology--Devices/Software/Hardware
+ Technology--Equitable Access
+ Technology--Funding Issues
+ Technology--Internet Safety
+ Technology--Research/Evaluation
+ Technology--Teacher/Faculty Training
+ Textbooks and Open Source
+ Urban
+ Urban--Change/Improvements
+ Urban--Governance
+ Whole-School Reform Models
+ Whole Child