ECS
From the ECS State Policy Database
1994-2013

Education Commission of the States • 700 Broadway, Suite 810 • Denver, CO 80203-3442 • 303.299.3600 • fax 303.296.8332 • www.ecs.org

The following summary includes policies ECS has tracked in this database since 1994. This database is made possible by your state's fiscal support of the Education Commission of the States (ECS). Most entries are legislative, although rules/regulations and executive orders that make substantive changes are included. Every effort is made to collect the latest available version of policies; in some instances, recent changes might not be reflected. For expediency purposes minimal attention has been paid to style (capitalization, punctuation) and format. To view the documents, click on the blue triangle next to the topic of interest.

Please cite use of the database as: Education Commission of the States (ECS) State Policy Database, retrieved [date].

State Status/Date Level Summary
+ 21st Century Skills
+ Accountability
+ Accountability--Accreditation
+ Accountability--Measures/Indicators
+ Accountability--Reporting Results
+ Accountability--Rewards
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--Learnfare
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--No Pass No Drive
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--No Pass No Play
+ Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--Takeovers
+ Accountability--School Improvement
+ Adult Basic Education
+ Assessment
+ Assessment--Accommodations
+ Assessment--College Entrance Exams
+ Assessment--Computer Based
+ Assessment--End-of-Course
+ Assessment--Formative/Interim
+ Assessment--High Stakes/Competency
+ Assessment--Legal Issues
+ Assessment--NAEP (NAEP Results and NAEP Organization)
+ Assessment--Performance Based/Portfolio
+ Assessment--Value Added
+ At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)
+ At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)--Alternative Education
+ At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)--Drugs/Alcohol
+ Attendance
+ Attendance--Compulsory
+ Attendance--Statutory Ages (Upper and Lower)
+ Attendance--Truancy
+ Background Checks
+ Bilingual/ESL
+ Brain Research
+ Business Involvement
+ Career/Technical Education
+ Career/Technical Education--Career Academies/Apprenticeship
+ Cheating
+ Choice of Schools
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Charter Districts
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Closings
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Cyber Charters
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Finance
+ Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Research
+ Choice of Schools--Choice/Open Enrollment
+ Choice of Schools--Choice/Open Enrollment--Research
+ Choice of Schools--Innovation Schools
+ Choice of Schools--Magnet or Specialized Schools
+ Choice of Schools--Tax Credits
+ Choice of Schools--Vouchers
+ Choice of Schools--Vouchers--Privately Funded
+ Civic Education
+ Civic Education--Character Education
+ Civic Education--Civic Knowledge and Literacy
+ Civic Education--Curriculum/Standards
+ Civic Education--Pledge of Allegiance
+ Class Size
+ Curriculum
+ Curriculum--Alignment
+ Curriculum--Arts Education
+ Curriculum--Censorship
+ Curriculum--Core Curriculum
+ Curriculum--Drivers Education
+ Curriculum--Environmental Education
+ Curriculum--Excusal
+ Curriculum--Family Living Education
+ Curriculum--Financial Literacy/Economics Ed.
+ Curriculum--Foreign Language/Sign Language
+ Curriculum--Geography Education
+ Curriculum--Health/Nutrition Education
+ Curriculum--Home Economics
+ Curriculum--International Education
+ Curriculum--Language Arts
+ Curriculum--Language Arts--Writing/Spelling
+ Curriculum--Mathematics
+ Curriculum--Multicultural
+ Curriculum--Physical Education
+ Curriculum--Science
+ Curriculum--Sex Education
+ Curriculum--Social Studies/History
+ Curriculum--Speech Education
+ Data-Driven Improvement
+ Demographics
+ Demographics--Condition of Children/Adults
+ Demographics--Enrollments
+ Desegregation
+ Economic/Workforce Development
+ Education Research
+ Equity
+ Federal
+ Finance
+ Finance--Adequacy/Core Cost
+ Finance--Aid to Private Schools
+ Finance--Bonds
+ Finance--District
+ Finance--Does Money Matter?
+ Finance--Equity
+ Finance--Facilities
+ Finance--Federal
+ Finance--Funding Formulas
+ Finance--Litigation
+ Finance--Local Foundations/Funds
+ Finance--Lotteries
+ Finance--Performance Funding
+ Finance--Private Giving
+ Finance--Resource Efficiency
+ Finance--State Budgets/Expenditures
+ Finance--Student Fees
+ Finance--Taxes/Revenues
+ Finance--Taxes/Revenues--Alternative Revenues
+ Governance
+ Governance--Deregulation/Waivers/Home Rule
+ Governance--Ethics/Conflict of Interest
+ Governance--Mandates
+ Governance--Regional Entities
+ Governance--School Boards
+ Governance--School Boards--Training
+ Governance--Site-Based Management
+ Governance--State Boards/Chiefs/Agencies
+ Health
+ Health--Child Abuse
+ Health--Mental Health
+ Health--Nutrition
+ Health--School Based Clinics or School Nurses
+ Health--Suicide Prevention
+ Health--Teen Pregnancy
+ High School
+ High School--Advanced Placement
+ High School--College Readiness
+ High School--Credit Recovery
+ High School--Dropout Rates/Graduation Rates
+ High School--Dual/Concurrent Enrollment
+ High School--Early Colleges/Middle Colleges
+ High School--Exit Exams
+ High School--GED (General Education Development)
+ High School--Graduation Requirements
+ High School--International Baccalaureate
+ Instructional Approaches
+ Instructional Approaches--Constructivism
+ Instructional Approaches--Grading Practices
+ Instructional Approaches--Homeschooling
+ Instructional Approaches--Homework/Study Skills
+ Instructional Approaches--Official English
+ Instructional Approaches--Problem Based Learning
+ Instructional Approaches--Single-Sex Education
+ Instructional Approaches--Time/Time on Task
+ Instructional Approaches--Tracking/Ability Grouping
+ Integrated Services/Full-Service Schools
+ International Benchmarking
+ Leadership
+ Leadership--District Superintendent
+ Leadership--District Superintendent--Compensation and Diversified Pay
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Certification and Licensure
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Compensation and Diversified Pay
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Evaluation and Effectiveness
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Induction Programs and Mentoring
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Preparation
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Preparation--Alternative
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Professional Development
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Recruitment and Retention
+ Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Tenure
+ Middle School
+ Minority/Diversity Issues
+ Minority/Diversity Issues--African American
+ Minority/Diversity Issues--American Indian / Alaska Native / Native Hawaiian
+ Minority/Diversity Issues--Hispanic
+ No Child Left Behind
+ No Child Left Behind--Adequate Yearly Progress
+ No Child Left Behind--Assessment
+ No Child Left Behind--Choice/Transfer
+ No Child Left Behind--Consequences for Schools
+ No Child Left Behind--Finance
+ No Child Left Behind--Parent Involvement
+ No Child Left Behind--Reauthorization Issues/Waivers
+ No Child Left Behind--Report Cards
+ No Child Left Behind--School Support
+ No Child Left Behind--Special Populations
+ No Child Left Behind--Supplemental Services
+ Online Learning--Digital/Blended Learning
+ Online Learning--Virtual Schools/Courses
+ P-16 or P-20
+ P-3
+ P-3 Brain Development
+ P-3 Child Care
+ P-3 Content Standards and Assessment
+ P-3 Data Systems
+ P-3 Early Intervention (0-3)
+ P-3 Ensuring Quality
+ P-3 Evaluation/Economic Benefits
+ P-3 Family Involvement
+ P-3 Finance
+ P-3 Governance
+ P-3 Grades 1-3
+ P-3 Health and Mental Health
+ P-3 Kindergarten
+ P-3 Kindergarten--Full-Day Kindergarten
+ P-3 Kindergarten--Full Day Kindergarten
+ P-3 Preschool
+ P-3 Public/Private Partnerships
+ P-3 Special Ed./Inclusion
+ P-3 Teaching Quality/Professional Development
+ Parent/Family
+ Parent/Family--Parent Rights
+ Parent/Family--Research
+ Partnerships--University/School
+ Postsecondary
+ Postsecondary Accountability
+ Postsecondary Accountability--Accreditation
+ Postsecondary Accountability--Diploma Mills
+ Postsecondary Accountability--Licensing/Program Review and Approval
+ Postsecondary Accountability--Student Learning
+ Postsecondary Affordability
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Financial Aid
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Textbooks
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees--Prepd/College Savings Plans
+ Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees--Undocumented Immigrants
+ Postsecondary Faculty
+ Postsecondary Faculty--Compensation
+ Postsecondary Faculty--Intellectual Property
+ Postsecondary Faculty--Teaching Assistants
+ Postsecondary Faculty--Tenure
+ Postsecondary Finance
+ Postsecondary Finance--Efficiency/Performance-Based Funding
+ Postsecondary Finance--Facilities
+ Postsecondary Finance--Revenue and Expenditures
+ Postsecondary Governance and Structures
+ Postsecondary Governance and Structures--Administrative/Leadership Issues
+ Postsecondary Governance and Structures--State Executives/State Agencies
+ Postsecondary Institutions
+ Postsecondary Institutions--Community/Technical Colleges
+ Postsecondary Institutions--For-Profit/Proprietary
+ Postsecondary Institutions--Four-Year Baccalaureate
+ Postsecondary Institutions--HBCUs/Minority-Serving Institutions
+ Postsecondary Institutions--Private/Independent
+ Postsecondary Online Instruction
+ Postsecondary Participation
+ Postsecondary Participation--Access
+ Postsecondary Participation--Admissions Requirements
+ Postsecondary Participation--Affirmative Action
+ Postsecondary Participation--Enrollments (Statistics)
+ Postsecondary Participation--Outreach
+ Postsecondary Students
+ Postsecondary Students--Adults
+ Postsecondary Students--Disabled
+ Postsecondary Students--Foster Youth
+ Postsecondary Students--Graduate/Professional
+ Postsecondary Students--International
+ Postsecondary Students--Low-Income
+ Postsecondary Students--Military
+ Postsecondary Students--Minority
+ Postsecondary Success
+ Postsecondary Success--Completion
+ Postsecondary Success--Completion--Completion Rates (Statistics)
+ Postsecondary Success--Developmental/Remediation
+ Postsecondary Success--Retention/Persistence
+ Postsecondary Success--Transfer/Articulation
+ Private Schools
+ Privatization
+ Privatization--Education Management Agencies (EMOs)
+ Proficiency-Based Approaches
+ Promising Practices
+ Promotion/Retention
+ Public Involvement
+ Purposes of Public Education
+ Reading/Literacy
+ Reading/Literacy--Adult Literacy
+ Religion
+ Religion--Prayer/Meditation
+ Religion--Scientific Creationism (Evolution)
+ Rural
+ Scheduling/School Calendar
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Day/Class Length
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Extended Day Programs
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Summer School
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Week
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Year
+ Scheduling/School Calendar--Year Round
+ School Climate/Culture
+ School Safety
+ School Safety--Bullying Prevention/Conflict Resolution
+ School Safety--Code of Conduct
+ School Safety--Corporal Punishment
+ School Safety--Disaster/Emergency Preparedness
+ School Safety--Expulsion/Suspension
+ School Safety--No Child Left Behind--Safe Schools
+ School Safety--Sexual Harassment and Assault
+ School Safety--Special Education
+ School Safety--Uniforms/Dress Codes
+ School/District Structure/Operations
+ School/District Structure/Operations--District Consolidation/Deconsolidation
+ School/District Structure/Operations--District Size
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Facilities
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Food Service
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Libraries
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Org. (K-3/K-8 etc.)
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Personnel (Non-Teaching)
+ School/District Structure/Operations--School Size
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Shared Services
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Staffing Ratios
+ School/District Structure/Operations--Transportation
+ Service-Learning
+ Special Education
+ Special Education--Federal Law/Regulations
+ Special Education--Finance
+ Special Education--Inclusion (Mainstreaming)
+ Special Education--Placement
+ Special Education--Transition
+ Special Populations--Corrections Education
+ Special Populations--Foster Care
+ Special Populations--Gifted and Talented
+ Special Populations--Homeless Education
+ Special Populations--Immigrant Education
+ Special Populations--Migrant Education
+ Special Populations--Military
+ Standards
+ Standards--Common Core State Standards
+ Standards--Implementation
+ State Comparisons/Statistics
+ State Longitudinal Data Systems
+ State Policymaking
+ State Policymaking--Ballot Questions
+ State Policymaking--Constitutional Clauses
+ State Policymaking--Politics
+ State Policymaking--Task Forces/Commissions
+ STEM
+ Student Achievement
+ Student Achievement--Closing the Achievement Gap
+ Student Achievement--State Trends
+ Student Supports--Counseling/Guidance
+ Student Supports--Mentoring/Tutoring
+ Student Supports--Remediation
+ Student Surveys
- Students
CASigned into law 08/2010P-12Pupil Survey of Teachers
S.B. 1422
Authorizes a high school's student government to establish a committee of pupils and teachers to develop a survey by which pupils may provid...

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RISigned into law 06/2010P-12Interstate Compact on Educational Opportunity for Military Children
H.B. 8010, S.B. 2738
Enacts the Interstate Compact on Educational Opportunity for Military Children, allowing children of military families to achieve educationa...

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UTSigned into law 03/2010P-12Enrollment of Foreign Exchange Students
H.B. 433
Requires a district or charter school to accept a foreign exchange student if another student from the same school is participating in the s...

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UTAdopted 01/2010P-12Bullying and Hazing Policies and Training
R277-613
Defines "bullying", "cyberbullying", and "hazing". Requires school districts and charter schools to implement bullying and hazing policies d...

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NDSigned into law 08/2009P-12Interstate Compact on Educational Opportunity for Military Children
H.B. 1309
Provides for a legislative council study of the Interstate Compact on Educational Opportunity for Military Children.
http://www.legis.nd.go...

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NDSigned into law 08/2009P-12North Dakota Youth Council
H.B. 1463
Creates a state youth council; sets membership and duties. Requires the North Dakota youth council to develop a list of issues and concerns ...

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MESigned into law 06/2009P-12Interstate Compact on Educational Opportunity for Military Children
H.B. 928
Enacts the Interstate Compact on Educational Opportunity for Military Children; relates to active duty status; relates to veterans, educatio...

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ORSigned into law 05/2009P-12Student Employment
H.B. 2826
Exempts children under 16 years of age from limitation on hours of work during summer and any vacation period of five or more consecutive sc...

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MDSigned into law 04/2009P-12Interstate Compact on Educational Opportunity for Military Children
H.B. 306; S.B. 257
Establishes, through an Interstate Compact with specified member states, the Interstate Compact on Educational Opportunity for Military Chil...

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MDSigned into law 04/2009P-12Youth Advisory Council Member
H.B. 485; S.B. 463
Alters the term of a youth member of the Youth Advisory Council; increases the term of a youth member who is elected cochair of the Council;...

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NMSigned into law 04/2009P-12School Athletics Programs
H.B. 432
Enacts the School Athletics Equity Act which provides that each public school shall operate its athletics program in a manner that does not ...

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WASigned into law 04/2009P-12Recess
S.B. 5551
Regards recess periods for elementary school students; requires the office of the superintendent of public instruction to collaborate with t...

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WASigned into law 04/2009Postsec.Student Health Insurance
S.B. 5925
Regards insurance for higher education students participating in study or research abroad; authorizes a governing board of a state instituti...

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IASigned into law 03/2009P-12Military Children
H.B. 214
Establishes the interstate compact on educational opportunity for military children; establishes a council on educational opportunity for mi...

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MSSigned into law 03/2009P-12Compact on Educational Opportunity for Military Children
S.B. 2669
Relates to interstate Compact on Educational Opportunity for Military Children; enact.
http://billstatus.ls.state.ms.us/documents/2009/pdf/S...

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MSSigned into law 03/2009P-12Placement of Twins
H.B. 1191
Relates to school classrooms; allow parents to choose if twins attend same class or separate classes.
http://billstatus.ls.state.ms.us/docum...

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VASigned into law 03/2009P-12Interstate Compact on Educational Opportunity for Military Children
H.B. 1727
Establishes a compact to remove barriers to educational success imposed on children of military families because of frequent moves and deplo...

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VASigned into law 03/2009P-12Class Placement of Twins or Higher Order Multiples
H.B. 2070
Requires local school boards to develop and implement policies to allow a parent of twins or higher order multiples to request that the chil...

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WYSigned into law 03/2009Postsec.Teacher Shortage Loans
H.B. 173
Relates to the Teacher Shortage Loan Repayment Program; expands loan program to specified teaching endorsements; excludes federal financial ...

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CAVetoed 09/2008P-12whole child
A.B. 2252
Establishes the Commission on Youth to examine policy and fiscal issues affecting the youth of this state and to make recommendations on tho...

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CAVetoed 09/2008P-12Student employment
A.B. 2213
Authorizes the principal of a public or private school to issue, or designate another administrator in the school to issue, work permits to ...

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MASigned into law 09/2008P-12Placement of Twins in Classrooms
H.B. 469
Relates to classroom placement of twins; provides that the parents of twins or higher order multiples may request that the children be place...

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FLSigned into law 06/2008P-12Interstate Compact on Educational Opportunity for Military Children
H.B. 1203
Relates to educational opportunity for military children; directs the Governor to execute the Interstate Compact on Educational Opportunity ...

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MISigned into law 06/2008P-12Education Compact for Military Children
H.B. 5963
Establishes interstate compact on educational opportunity for military children; provides for the facilitation of the timely enrollment of c...

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SCSigned into law 06/2008P-12Enrollment of Military Families' Kids
H.B. 4320
Provides that a student whose parent or legal guardian has been called to active duty more than a specified number of miles outside of his r...

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COSigned into law 05/2008P-12Youth Advisory Council
H.B. 1157
Establishes a Youth Advisory Council to formally advise and make recommendations to elected officials on issues affecting youth in the State...

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COSigned into law 05/2008P-12Interstate Compact on Educational Opportunity for Military Children
H.B. 1317
Creates the Interstate Compact on Educational Opportunity for Military Children to remove barriers to educational success imposed on childre...

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CTSigned into law 05/2008P-12
Postsec.
Community College
Youth Policy Council
H.B. 5133
Continues the function of the Youth Futures Committee by establishing the Youth Policy Council to assist youth between the ages of twelve an...

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GAVetoed 05/2008P-12Interstate Compact on Educational Opportunity for Military Children
S.B. 345
Adds Georgia as a member of the Interstate Compact on Educational Opportunity for Military Children. Includes provisions related to unoffici...

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MDSigned into law 04/2008P-12Education of Military Children
H.B. 784; S.B. 457
Establishes a Task Force on Educational Issues Affecting Military Children; provides that the task force shall examine educational issues af...

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CAVetoed 10/2007P-12Student employment
S.B. 406
Authorizes certificated employees, who are employed by the applicable school district, authorized by the superintendent of the school distri...

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NCSigned into law 07/2007P-12Reassingment Appeals
H.B. 488
Permits local boards of education to provide for an administrative initial screening of pupil reassignment appeals.
http://www.ncga.state.nc...

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LASigned into law 06/2007P-12Legislative Youth Advisory Council
S.B. 46
Establishes the Legislative Youth Advisory Council as an initiative under the administration of the state commission on civic education. Pro...

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NMSigned into law 04/2007P-12
Postsec.
Community College
Student Identification Number
S.B. 211
Directs the higher education department, in collaboration with public post-secondary educational institutions, to use the same student ident...

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ILSigned into law 05/2006Postsec.Smoking Ban in Dorms
S.B. 2465
Provides that smoking is prohibited in any portion of a building used in whole or in part as a student dormitory that is owned, operated or ...

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KYSigned into law 03/2006P-12
Postsec.
Community College
Students Called to Active Duty
H.B. 80
Relates to students called to military active duty; requires that a student called to federal military active duty shall receive credit for ...

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GAAdopted 10/2005P-12Case Management Consultation for Agency-Placed Transfer Students
GAC 160-4-8-.17
Establishes rules regarding case management consultation for agency-placed transfer students to provide necessary transition services for st...

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NYSigned into law 08/2005P-12Code of conduct at school function
H.B. 6283
Relates to the definition of school function as it relates to codes of conduct, to include all school authorized extra-curricular event or a...

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ORSigned into law 07/2005Postsec.Athletic Agents
H.B. 3179
From Staff Measure Summary (Fiscal Note): A person desiring to conduct business as an athlete agent in the State of Oregon is required to ob...

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ILSigned into law 06/2005P-12Steroid Abuse Prevention Education
S.B. 64
Requires a school district to provide steroid abuse prevention education to students who participate in interscholastic athletic programs. h...

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MNSigned into law 06/2005P-12
S.F. 232
A secondary student may possess and use nonprescription pain relief in a manner consistent with the labeling, if the district has received...

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GASigned into law 05/2005P-12Statewide Preparticipation Physical Examination Form
S.B. 272
Requires the state board to develop a school interscholastic extracurricular athletic policy that provides for the use of a single, comprehe...

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MNEFFECTIVE DATE '05-'06 SCHOOL YEAR AND LATER 05/2005P-12Parent discretion in classroom placement of multiples (twins, etc.)
S.F. 180
A parent or guardian of twins or higher order multiples may request that the children be placed in the same classroom or in separate classro...

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ARSigned into law 04/2005P-12Interschool Athletic Programs
H.B. 2916
Includes salaries or supplemental pay for staff for organized physical activity courses as provided under Act 660 of 2005 in the definitions...

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ARSigned into law 04/2005P-12Definition of Interschool Athletic Program
S.B. 1044 (section 19)
Deletes from definition of interschool athletic program any athletic program which is subject to regulation by the Arkansas Activities Assoc...

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ARSigned into law 04/2005P-12Arkansas Supreme Court Decision
H.B. 2646
Conforms the Arkansas Code to comply with the Arkansas Supreme Court decision in the Lake View case. Requires any school district that was a...

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ARSigned into law 04/2005P-12General Assembly Pages
H.B. 2461
Provides an excused absence from school for the one day a student is serving as a page for the general assembly. States that the student may...

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AZSigned into law 04/2005P-12Governing Boards
H.B. 2368
Repeals provision granting a school district and its employees immunity from civil liability for the consequences of the good faith adoption...

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INSigned into law 04/2005P-12Cheerleading Safety
S.B. 301
Requires the state board of education to develop standards and guidelines concerning cheerleading safety in schools. http://www.in.gov/apps/...

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MSSigned into law 04/2005Postsec.
Community College
University Or Community College Students
H.B. 524
University or community college students; clarify residence status. A student who, upon registration at a Mississippi institution of higher...

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ARSigned into law 03/2005P-12Arkids First Program
H.B. 1895
Establishes a program to inform students in local school districts about the Arkids First Program. http://www.arkleg.state.ar.us/ftproot/bil...

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ARSigned into law 03/2005P-12Continuity of Educational Services for Foster Children
H.B. 1710
Ensures the continuity of educational services to foster children. Prohibits the grades of a child in foster care from being lowered for sch...

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NDSigned into law 03/2005P-12Student Residency Requirements
S.B. 2033
Concerns enrollment and provision of services to elementary and high school students placed by out- of-state agencies or entities; relates t...

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NMSigned into law 03/2005P-12Students Medication Administration
S.B. 275
Allows public school students to carry and self- administer asthma medication and emergency anaphylaxis medication.

http://legis.state.nm.u...

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SDSigned into law 03/2005P-12Interscholastic Student Activities
H.B. 1093
Any seventh or eighth grade student who attends a nonpublic elementary or middle school that is not affiliated with a nonpublic high school ...

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NYSigned into law 01/2005P-12School Records Review
S.B. 6818
Authorizes caregivers to review school records and to consent to medical and dental diagnosis and treatment of a minor child, excuse absence...

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MASigned into law 12/2004P-12Diabetic Student Treatment
S.B. 2231
Authorizes self-monitoring and treatment of students with diabetes. Notwithstanding any general or special law or regulation to the contrary...

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MISigned into law 12/2004Postsec.Pregnant Higher Education Students Services Office
S.B. 72
Creates the Pregnant and Parenting Student Services Fund; provides grants to encourage certain institutions of higher education to establish...

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CAVetoed 09/2004P-12Equity in Athletics Bill of Rights
A.B. 2240
Enacts the Equity in Athletics Bill of Rights and enumerates the rights available to a pupil relating to gender equity in athletics. Require...

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CAVetoed 09/2004P-12Steroids and Performance-Enhancing Dietary Supplements
S.B. 1630
Requires the Department of Health Services to develop a list of performance enhancing dietary supplements. Requires school districts to proh...

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CASigned into law 09/2004P-12Student Work Permits
A.B. 2525 (multiple provisions)
Permits a caregiver with whom a minor pupil resides, other than the pupil's parent, guardian, foster parent, or residential shelter services...

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CAVetoed 08/2004P-12Student Academic Review and Counseling
S.B. 1299
Authorizes a unified school district or a high school district to implement the Student Academic Review and Counseling Program in grade 8 or...

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LASigned into law 07/2004P-12Field Trips
S.B. 57
Requires every local board to establish criteria and limits for individuals, organizations and entities planning, organizing or promoting st...

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LASigned into law 07/2004P-12Standard School Health Forms
S.B. 826
Requires the secretary of the health and hospitals department to create an advisory board to establish a standard health form for schools, i...

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LASigned into law 06/2004P-12Legislative Auditor
H.B. 490
Notwithstanding any provision of present law to the contrary, any entity which establishes scholastic rules which are the basis for the stat...

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LASigned into law 06/2004P-12Employment of Minors
H.B. 691
Bars minor age 16 who has not graduated from high school from working between 11 p.m. and 5 a.m. before a school day, and minor age 17 from ...

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DERule Adoption 05/2004P-12Delaware Interscholastic Athletic Association (DIAA)
14 DAC 1025, 1049 -- 1056
Amends, repeals and replaces, and updates regulations pertaining to the following: Interscholastic Athletic Association (DIAA); DIAA Definit...

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NHSigned into law 05/2004Postsec.Penalties for Crimes on College or University Campus
H.B. 1361
Specifies the penalties for rioting offenses committted on or near a public college or university campus....

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MDSigned into law 04/2004Postsec.
Community College
National Guard Students
H.B. 1314
Requires a public institution of higher education to allow a national guard student to withdraw from courses the student is currently enroll...

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COSigned into law 03/2004P-12Activities At School
H.B. 1363
Permits students to participate in activities in another district if activity is not offered within a student's school district. http://www....

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FLSigned into law 06/2003P-12Florida High School Activities Association
S.B. 2156
Relating to the Florida High School Activities Association; renames the association as the Florida High School Athletic Association; revises...

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NESigned into law 06/2003P-12Compensation for Football Players
L.B. 688
Any person who competes in the sport of football for the University of Nebraska-Lincoln may be granted a stipend, the amount of which
shall...

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AZSigned into law 05/2003Postsec.
Community College
Community College Governance; Student Organizations
S.B. 1105
States student political organizations may conduct lawful meetings on community college property, except to influence elections as provided ...

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FLSigned into law 05/2003P-12Education and Military Dependents
S.B. 2802
Directs the Department of Education to assist in the transition of dependents of military personnel into the public school system; requires ...

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HISigned into law 05/2003P-12Caregiver Consent
S.B. 946
Allows a caregiver of a minor who lives with the minor, but is not the minor's legal guardian, to execute an affidavit of caregiver consent ...

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COBecame law without governor's signature 04/2003P-12School Transfer Rules
H.B. 1083
Repeals of the requirement that transfer rules shall not prohibit a student's participation in extracurricular activities if the student enr...

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MESigned into law 04/2003P-12Number of Hours per Week/Day That Minors May Work
H.P. 13
Concerns child labor laws; provides that a minor shall not be employed more than 60 hours in any week, and from 10 to 12 hours in any day, w...

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MTSigned into law 04/2003P-12
Postsec.
Uniform Athlete Agents Act
S.B. 306
Relates to uniform athlete agents and student athlete agents.
http://data.opi.state.mt.us/bills/2003/billhtml/SB0306.htm...

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MSSigned into law 03/2003P-12Pregnancy Incentive Grant Fund
H.B. 774
Extends repealer to December 31, 2005 on Mississippi Reducing Out of Wedlock Pregnancies Incentive Grant Fund that provides funds to countie...

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PASigned into law 12/2002P-12Student Employment
H.B. 974
Students may not sell goods or services by minors to customers at their residences, places of business or public places including, but not l...

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MASigned into law 10/2002P-12State and Local Policies on Student Overnight or Early Morning Travel
H.B. 4937
Requires every local board to establish a policy concerning student travel that is planned to occur between the hours of midnight and 6 A.M....

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FLSigned into law 08/2002P-12Education Code Re-Write: Florida High School Activities Association and Student Athletes' Physicals
S.B. 20E
According to legislative summary, "The bill requires the board of directors of the Florida High School Activities Association (FHSAA) to exa...

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CTSigned into law 05/2002P-12Employment of 15-Year-Olds
H.B. 5062
Extends to 2007 the expiration date of the law allowing fifteen-year-old minors to work in mercantile establishments such as supermarkets an...

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FLSigned into law 05/2002Postsec.Education Code Re-Write: Rights of Student Representatives
S.B. 20E
According to legislative summary, "The bill eliminates from current law the collective bargaining limitation on awarding equivalent teaching...

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GASigned into law 05/2002P-12Eligibility of Students in Home Study Programs
H.B. 1590
Provides that students enrolled in home study programs are to be eligible to participate in any extracurricular program offered in the publi...

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HISigned into law 04/2002P-12Hawaii State Student Council
H.B. 1878
Establishes the Hawaii State Student Council with student representatives from each departmental school district; requires the council to de...

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IASigned into law 03/2002P-12
Postsec.

H.B. 2138
Authorizes the College Student Aid Commission to waive or modify statutory or regulatory provisions applicable to State financial aid progra...

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HIVetoed 06/2001P-12State student council
S.B. 670
Establishes the state student council, with student representatives from each departmental school district; requires the council to conduct ...

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HISigned into law 05/2001P-12The Hawaii State Student Council,
H.B. 11
Establishes the Hawaii State Student Council, with student representatives from each departmental school district; requires the council to c...

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ILSigned into law 05/2001P-12Preventing a child from attending school
S.B. 1026
Amends the School Code; provides that whoever by threat, menace, or intimidation prevents a child entitled to attend a nonpublic school in t...

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PASigned into law 11/2000P-12Interscholastic Athletic Accountability
S.B. 1403
Establishes Pennsylvania Athletic Oversight Council; provides for interscholastic accountability; provides for transportation, education emp...

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HIVetoed 06/2000P-12
Postsec.
State Student Council
H.B. 284
Establishes the Hawaii state student council, with student representatives from each departmental school district; requires the council to c...

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ILSigned into law 06/2000P-12Students may be excused from dissections
H.B. 3254
Public Act No. 91-771., Relates to the Dissection Alternatives Act; creates the Dissection Alternatives Act; provides that schools may excus...

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UTSigned into law 03/2000P-12Ethical Conduct Standards for Activities
H.B. 156
Relates to educators; modifies the Public Officers and Employees Ethics Act as related to activities for students organized by an educator; ...

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ARSigned into law 02/1999P-12Requires Study on After School Employment and Performance
S.C.R. 5
Requests the Senate Interim Committee on Education and the House Interim Committee on Education to conduct a study on the impact of after sc...

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DESigned into law 07/1998P-12
H.B. 470
Requires that the Department of Education establish requirements or minimum standards for promotion, to include passing 50% of the core clas...

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SCSigned into law 07/1998P-12
H.B. 4804
Relates to threatening the life, person, or family or a public official, teacher or principal; makes it unlawful to threaten the life, perso...

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WISigned into law 07/1998P-12
A.B. 715 Pupil Lockers
Relates to authorizing the search of a pupil's locker....

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NJDied 06/1998P-12
S.B. 2314 & S.B. 2319
Authorizes school boards to adopt a drug testing policy of student athletes....

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NJDied 06/1998P-12
A.B. 3259
Requires shcool principals to report certain student offenses to law enforcement agencies....

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AZSigned into law 05/1998P-12
S.B. 1395
States the court must notify school districts of residence when juveniles are delinquent or convicted and are on parole and attending school...

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FLSigned into law 05/1998P-12
S.B. 1796 Juvenile Sex Offenders
BECAME LAW WITHOUT GOVERNOR'S SIGNATURE . Relates to juvenile sex offenders; requires Department of Children and Family Services to notify ...

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MASigned into law 05/1998P-12Requires Distribution of Information to Parents
S.B. 2209
Provides for the distribution of information to certain parents of children enrolled in elementary and secondary schools; includes but is no...

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MDSigned into law 05/1998P-12
S.B. 723
Concerns certain records of public school students; adds the home address and home phone number of a student to the list of records that a c...

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MNDied 05/1998P-12
H.B. 3554 Graduation Requirement
Relates to education; requires the content of the graduation rules to ensure that students satisfactorily complete applicable requirements; ...

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MSDied 05/1998P-12
S.B. 2051 & S.B. 2060
Authorizes home school students to participate in public school interscholastic activities under certain conditions....

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WADied 05/1998P-12
H.B. 3040 Student Retention
Retains students who do not meet school assessment requirements at the current grade....

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VASigned into law 04/1998P-12
S.B. 362 Student Expulsion
Provides that students for whom a report has been received of an adjudication of delinquency or a conviction, may be suspended or expelled f...

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VASigned into law 04/1998P-12
H.B. 1343 Expulsion
Directs school boards to expel from school attendance any student whom such school board has determined, in accordance with existing due pro...

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WIDied 04/1998P-12
A.B. 429
Relates to information received by a school official regarding the use by a pupil of alcohol or other drugs....

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IDSigned into law 03/1998P-12
H.B. 710 School Attendance
Relates to school attendance; provides that enrollment may be denied to a student for certain acts committed in this state or any state; req...

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KYSigned into law 03/1998P-12
H.B. 185 Standards of Behavior
Clarifies that local school districts may establish standards of behavior that students must demonstrate in order to participate in extra-cu...

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ILSigned into law 08/1997P-12
H.B. 2132 Creation of Drug Violation Act
Creates the School Reporting of Drug Violations Act. Requires the principal of a public elementary or secondary school to report to the poli...

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ILVetoed 08/1997P-12
H.B. 154
Gives public high school students the right to exercise freedom of the press and that expressions contained in a high school newspaper are n...

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OHSigned into law 08/1997P-12
S.B. 55 Student Retention
Notwithstanding division (E) of this section, beginning July 1, 1999, a school district may retain any student for an additional year in suc...

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OHSigned into law 08/1997P-12
3313.608 Fourth grade reading guarantee
Beginning with students who enter fourth grade in the school year that starts July 1, 2001, no student may be promoted to fifth grade who fa...

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TXDied 08/1997P-12
H.B. 2643 Notification of School Personnel of the Arrest or Detention of a Student
Relates to the notification of school personnel of the arrest or detention of a student and any subsequent disposition of that arrest or det...

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TXDied 08/1997P-12
S.B. 522 Student Promotion
Relates to promotion to the next grade level after completion of an extended year program....

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DESigned into law 07/1997P-12
H.B. 322
Provides authority to local school superintendents to issue subpoenas to compel the attendance of parents, custodians, or gurdians of studen...

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NVPassed 07/1997P-12
A.B. 518
Relates to pupils; requires courts to provide to school districts information reagrding pupils who have unlawfully caused or atttempted to c...

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OKSigned into law 07/1997P-12
H.B. 2130 Out-Of-School Suspension
Requires school district boards of education to adopt a policy with procedures which provide for out-of-school suspension of students; prohi...

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FLBecame law without governor's signature 06/1997P-12
FL 232.245
Any student who exhibits substantial deficiency in reading skills, based on locally determined assessments conducted before the end of grade...

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ILSigned into law 06/1997P-12
Public Act 90-548, Sec. 5-15 Promotion, Retention
Decisions to promote or retain students in any classes shall be based on successful completion of the curriculum, attendance, performance ba...

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LASigned into law 06/1997P-12
La. R.S. 17:396
Particular emphasis shall be placed upon the student's mastery of grade appropriate skills in English language arts and mathematics before r...

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NVSigned into law 06/1997P-12
H.B. 376
Requires the Board to adopt regulations that establish the criteria for students to be promoted from middle school to high school....

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FLDied 05/1997P-12
S.B. 1564 Drug Testing of Students
Requires Department of Education to adopt rules for administering random drug tests to public school students; provides for method of drug t...

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WAVetoed 05/1997P-12
S.B. 5274 Student Records
Relates to the disclosure of students' social security numbers; provides that school districts and public schools shall not request the disc...

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WAVetoed 05/1997P-12
H.B. 1085 Notification Before Student Tests, Questionnaires, Surveys, Analyses, or Evaluations
Requires notification before a school conducts certain student tests, questionnaires, surveys, analyses, or evaluations....

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ARSigned into law 04/1997P-12
S.B. 550 Testing and Assessment Program
Provides a comprehensive testing and assessment program for measuring academic achievement of public school students. Demonstrate grade-leve...

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CODied 04/1997P-12
H.B. 1129 Student Records
Prohibits the use of personally identifying student information in the statewide financial, student management, and human resource electroni...

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GASigned into law 04/1997P-12
H.B. 180
Relates to juveniles; concerns school attendance; provides that a student enrolling for the first time in any school in grade seven or highe...

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IASigned into law 04/1997P-12
H.B. 331
Relates to the authorization of school officials to conduct searches of students, student protected areas, lockers, desks, and other facilit...

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MTSigned into law 04/1997P-12
H.B. 77
Requires recitation of the Pledge of Allegiance in public schools; provides that a student or teacher must be excused from participation if ...

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MTSigned into law 04/1997P-12
H.B. 28
Requires the Superintendent of Public Instruction and the trustees of a school district, upon request and in compliance with state and feder...

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NDVetoed 04/1997P-12
H.B. 1147 School Personnel Notification of Juvenile Offenses
Relates to school personnel notification of juvenile offenses....

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NMSigned into law 04/1997P-12
H.B. 1128
Changes the application of student standards for participation in interscholastic, extracurricular activities from the second semester of th...

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VASigned into law 04/1997P-12
22.1-253.13:4 Literacy Passports, diplomas and certificates
The General Assembly and the Board hereby establish the requirement for a Literacy Passport for all students prior to grade nine and criteri...

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ARSigned into law 03/1997P-12
H.B. 1397
Provides an appeal process for students who are suspended or expelled from school for violation of a school district's written discipline po...

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COSigned into law 03/1997P-12
S.B. 153 Student Participation in Activities
Requires school principals to authorize a student to participate in an activity through an amateur association or league if the student is i...

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ORDied 03/1997P-12
S.B. 754
Allows a student who has not met or exceeded mastery level or grade level standards to advance to next level if certain requirements are met...

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VASigned into law 03/1997P-12
H.B. 2666/S.B. 1163 Students' Rights as Crime Victims
Requires local school boards to permit a student who was victim of any crime against the person committed by or alleged to have been committ...

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VASigned into law 03/1997P-12
H.B. 1802 Drug and Alcohol Testing of Students
Directs school board to require students convicted and found not innocent of violations of the Drug Control Act to submit unannounced, rando...

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CODied 02/1997P-12
H.B. 1215 Extracurricular Activities
Concerns authorization of school districts to establish corporations to provide extracurricular activities; authorizes a school district or ...

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VADied 02/1997P-12
H.B. 1939 Students Promotion Requirements
Requires school boards to establish criteria for promotion designed to require satisfactory completion of the requirements of the Board of E...

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MOVetoed 07/1996P-12
H.B. 1523 Access to Student Records
Requires school districts to restrict access to personally identifiable student records to authorized school district employees, except as o...

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TXPassed 07/1996P-12
19 TAC 74.24 Curriculum Requirements; Credit by Examination
(Effective: 09/01/96) Establishes requirements and procedures related to advancing a student without thte benefit of direct instruction. Pro...

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TXPassed 06/1996P-12
Extracurricular Activities 19 TAC 76.1
(Effective: 09/01/96) Establishes new rules concerning extracurricular activities. Establishes definitions, requirements, and procedures rel...

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COSigned into law 05/1996P-12
H.B. 1139 Colorado Basic Literacy Act
(Effective: 04/22/96) Kindergarten reading readiness level established by State Board. State Board will identify and approve instruments for...

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FLBecame law without governor's signature 05/1996P-12
S.B. 322 Under 18 and Smoking Tobacco
Provides that it is unlawful for any person under 18 years of age to smoke tobacco in, on, or within 1000 feet of the real property comprisi...

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SCSigned into law 05/1996P-12
H.B. 4430 Notification of crime information
Provides that the Dept. of Ed. shall forward crime information to the Attorney General to be used in the prosecution of school crime. Local ...

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TXPassed 05/1996P-12
Promotion and Altenatives to Social Promotion; Grading/Reporting Requirements; Course Credit
(Effective: 09/01/96) Repeals rules concerning curriculum to comply with the sunset review process mandated by Senate Bill 1, 74th Legislatu...

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COSigned into law 04/1996P-12
S.B. 63 Student Discipline
(Effective: 04/22/96) Authorizes a school district to transmit to another school district discipline information concerning a transfer stude...

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CTSigned into law 04/1996P-12
S.B. 291 Use of Cellular Telephones by Students
Limits the use of cellular telephones by students in public schools....

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HIPassed 04/1996P-12
S.C.R. 169 GPA for Co-Curricular Activities
(Effective: 04/24/96) Requests the Board of Education to study, with a view towards modifying, the 2.0 grade point average rule for students...

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KYSigned into law 04/1996P-12
H.B. 35 Juvenile Court Records
(Effective: 04/04/96) Permits sharing of juvenile court records relating to drugs and violence with school authorities; prohibits public dis...

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VASigned into law 03/1996P-12
H.B. 1118 Constitutional Rights and Restrictions
Directs the Board of education, in consultation with the Office of Attorney General, to develop guidelines of constitutional rights and rest...

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VASigned into law 03/1996P-12
H.B. 433 Constitutional Rights and Protections
Relates to guidelines on constitutional rights and restrictions regarding the Pledge of Allegiance to the American flag in the public school...

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WISigned into law 03/1996P-12
A.B. 609 Student Records
(Effective: 03/22/96) Relates to the disclosure of certain law enforcement agency records that relate to a child to the child's school distr...

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WVSigned into law 03/1996P-12
H.B. 2500 Juvenile Records
(Effective: 03/09/96) Permits the disclosure of certain juvenile criminal records to local law enforcement and school administrator, had man...

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WIExpired 02/1996P-12
A.B. 262 Disclosure of Law Enforcement Records
This bill permits a law enforcement agency to release to a school district administrator any information in its records relating to the poss...

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WISigned into law 02/1996P-12
A.B. 718 Alcohol Testing and Suspension of Students
This bill gives authorized public school officials and employees the right to require a public school pupil to provide breath samples to det...

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MNDied 01/1996P-12
S.B. 2138/H.B. 2265 Participation in Extracurricular Activities
Authorizes pupil participation in extracurricular activities in other schools....

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OKDied 01/1996P-12
H.B. 2498 Student Tracking System
Relates to schools; requires the State Department of Education to implement an electronic student tracking system; requires use of certain i...

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NHDied 10/1995P-12
S.B. 653 Parent and Pupil Rights
Establishes the parent and pupil rights law and specifies certain information required to be provided by a school to a parent or pupil....

More...
NCSigned into law 07/1995P-12
H.B. 65 US Flag in Classrooms
Provides a United States flag for every public school classroom and to require the student to recite the Pledge of Allegiance every day....

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MDSigned into law 06/1995P-12
S.B. 545, chapter 391 Portable Pagers
Makes it discreationary rather than mandatory for a law enforcement officer to arrest an individual who unlawfully possesses a portable page...

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CTSigned into law 05/1995P-12
Beepers
A new law prohibits students from having or using remotely activated paging devices in public schools, unless they have the written permissi...

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VASigned into law 05/1995P-12
Notice of Juvenile Arrest
Requires the intake officer to notify the division superintendent whenever a juvenile is arrested and charged with a delinquent act involvin...

More...
GASigned into law 04/1995P-12
S.B. 156 Student Records
Relates to juvenile proceedings, so as to provide for public access to certain juvenile court hearings and records; Provides for fingerprint...

More...
GASigned into law 04/1995P-12
H.B. 128 Assessment of Effectiveness of Educational Programs
(Effective: 04/07/95) Relates to assessment of effectiveness of educational programs, so as to provide for issuance of a warranty affirming ...

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INSigned into law 04/1995P-12
H.B. 1625 - Inspection of Instructional Materials
Requires a school corporation to make available for inspection by the parents or guardians of a students any instructional materials used in...

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MNActive 04/1995P-12
Minnesota College Offers Guarantee
Winona State University is the first public university in MN to offer a guarantee that students will graduate in four years. Winona State, w...

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OKSigned into law 04/1995P-12
H.B. 1056 Retention of Students
(Effective: 04/21/95) Requires a school principal to review a teacher recommendation that a student be retained at the present grade level o...

More...
SCSigned into law 03/1995P-12
H.B. 3507 Promotion of Students
(Effective: 03/07/95) Approves regulations of the Board of Education, relating to criteria for the promotion of students to the next higher ...

More...
VTSigned into law 07/1994P-12
S. 140 Educational and Financial Aid Counseling
(Effective: 07/01/94) This act directs the Vermont Student Assistance Corporation (VSAC) to provide career, educational and financial aid co...

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NVSigned into law 06/1994P-12
A.B. 427 Carrying a Beeper
Prohibits a student from carrying or possessing a beeper, portable telephone, or any other similar device on shcool grounds. A student may c...

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TNSigned into law 06/1994P-12
S.B. 1845 School Searches
This bill lowers the standard to conduct searches on school property from "probable cause" and "reasonable cause" to "reasonable suspicion"....

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UTSigned into law 06/1994P-12
S.B. 15 Public Schools Uniforms
(Effective: 05/02/94) Allows local school boards and public schools to adopt school dress codes requiring that students wear a designated un...

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UTSigned into law 06/1994P-12
H.B. 403 Utah Family Education Rights and Privacy Act
(Effective: 05/02/94) Requires school personnel to comply with protections provided for family and student privacy in the Family Educational...

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VASigned into law 04/1994P-12
H.B. 249 - School Facilities
Relates to clean indoor air in public schools; prohibits smoking in the public schools of the Commonwealth, effective July 1, 1995....

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PAPassed 03/1994P-12
H.B. 1245 Accessibility of Student Records
Amends the Public School Code of 1949. Provides for the retention of records, and for loans of certain equipment relating to nonpublic schoo...

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+ Students--Athletics/Extracurricular Activities
+ Students--Employment
+ Students--Incentives
+ Students--K-12 Exchange Students
+ Students--Mobility
+ Students--Records/Rights
+ Teaching Quality
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Alternative
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Assignment
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Highly Qualified Teachers
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Natl. Bd. for Prof. Teach. Stds.
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Special Education
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--State Prof. Standards Bds.
+ Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Substitute Teachers
+ Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay
+ Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay--Pay-for-Performance
+ Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay--Retirement/Benefits
+ Teaching Quality--Evaluation and Effectiveness
+ Teaching Quality--Induction Programs and Mentoring
+ Teaching Quality--Paraprofessionals
+ Teaching Quality--Preparation
+ Teaching Quality--Professional Development
+ Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention
+ Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention--At-Risk Schools
+ Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention--High-Needs Subjects
+ Teaching Quality--Reduction in Force
+ Teaching Quality--Teacher Attitudes
+ Teaching Quality--Teacher Contracts (Not Tenure)
+ Teaching Quality--Teacher Rights
+ Teaching Quality--Tenure or Continuing Contract
+ Teaching Quality--Unions/Collective Bargaining
+ Teaching Quality--Unions/Collective Bargaining--Strikes
+ Teaching Quality--Working Conditions
+ Technology
+ Technology--Computer Skills
+ Technology--Devices/Software/Hardware
+ Technology--Equitable Access
+ Technology--Funding Issues
+ Technology--Internet Safety
+ Technology--Research/Evaluation
+ Technology--Teacher/Faculty Training
+ Textbooks and Open Source
+ Urban
+ Urban--Change/Improvements
+ Urban--Governance
+ Whole-School Reform Models
+ Whole Child