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From the ECS State Policy Database 1994-2013

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Education Commission of the States • 700 Broadway, Suite 810 • Denver, CO 80203-3442 • 303.299.3600 • fax 303.296.8332 • www.ecs.org

The following summary includes policies ECS has tracked in this database since 1994. This database is made possible by your state's fiscal support of the Education Commission of the States (ECS). Most entries are legislative, although rules/regulations and executive orders that make substantive changes are included. Every effort is made to collect the latest available version of policies; in some instances, recent changes might not be reflected. For expediency purposes minimal attention has been paid to style (capitalization, punctuation) and format. To view the documents, click on the blue triangle next to the topic of interest. Please cite use of the database as: Education Commission of the States (ECS) State Policy Database, retrieved [date]. State Status/Date Level Summary 21st Century Skills Accountability Accountability--Accreditation Accountability--Measures/Indicators Accountability--Reporting Results Accountability--Rewards Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--Learnfare Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--No Pass No Drive Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--No Pass No Play Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--Takeovers Accountability--School Improvement Adult Basic Education Assessment Assessment--Accommodations Assessment--College Entrance Exams Assessment--Computer Based Assessment--End-of-Course Assessment--Formative/Interim Assessment--High Stakes/Competency Assessment--Legal Issues Assessment--NAEP (NAEP Results and NAEP Organization) Assessment--Performance Based/Portfolio Assessment--Value Added At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention) At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)--Alternative Education At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)--Drugs/Alcohol Attendance Attendance--Compulsory Attendance--Statutory Ages (Upper and Lower) Attendance--Truancy Background Checks Bilingual/ESL Brain Research Business Involvement Career/Technical Education Career/Technical Education--Career Academies/Apprenticeship Cheating Choice of Schools Choice of Schools--Charter Schools Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Charter Districts Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Closings Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Cyber Charters Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Finance Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Research Choice of Schools--Choice/Open Enrollment Choice of Schools--Choice/Open Enrollment--Research Choice of Schools--Innovation Schools Choice of Schools--Magnet or Specialized Schools LA Signed into law 06/2012 P-12 International Language Immersion School at ULL S.B. 712 Creates an exploratory committee to develop a plan regarding the creation and establishment of an international language immersion school at... More... LA Passed 06/2012 P-12 Funding for Laboratory Schools Around the State S.C.R. 137 Urges and request the legislative fiscal office to update the report issued in March 2006 pursuant to House Resolution No. 133 of the 2005 R... More... OH Signed into law 06/2012 P-12 District Sale or Lease of Property or Facilities S.B. 316 - District Sale or Lease of Property or Facilities Authorizes a board of education to sell real or personal property to certain to a nonprofit institution of higher education or the governing... More... OH Signed into law 06/2012 P-12 Removal of College-Preparatory Boarding School Board of Trustees Member S.B. 316 - Removal of College-Preparatory Boarding School Board of Trustees Member Permits the governor, operator, or any other person or entity who appoints a member to the board of trustees of a college-preparatory boardi... More... WA Signed into law 03/2012 P-12 Lighthouse School Programs S.B. 6041 Allows elementary schools to serve as lighthouse programs. Creates the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics education lighthous... More... OH Signed into law 12/2011 P-12 College-Preparatory Boarding School Program H.B. 157 - College-Preparatory Boarding School Program Repeals provision requiring any board of trustees of a college-preparatory boarding school to secure at least $20 million dollars of private... More... CT Signed into law 07/2011 P-12 Data Collection Requirements/Charter Schools S.B. 1039 State Education Resource Center - Clarifies the status of the State Education Resource Center as a nonstock corporation and nonprofit tax ex... More... FL Signed into law 06/2011 P-12 College-Preparatory Boarding Academy Pilot Program S.B. 404 From Legislative Staff Summary: Creates the College-Preparatory Boarding Academy Pilot Program (Academy) for at-risk students. Defines the k... More... OH Signed into law 06/2011 P-12 Background Checks at Certain Schools H.B. 153 - Background Checks at Certain Schools Requires that staff at a nonpublic school participating in the Jon Peterson special needs scholarship program or at a college-preparatory bo... More... OH Signed into law 06/2011 P-12 College-Preparatory Boarding Schools H.B. 153 - College-Preparatory Boarding Schools Creates chapter 3318 regarding college preparatory boarding schools. Defines an eligible student as a student who is entitled to attend scho... More... NE Signed into law 04/2011 P-12 Focus Programs or Magnet Schools L.B. 558 Amends current law relating to focus schools, focus programs and magnet schools established by school districts in a learning community. Cla... More... OK Signed into law 06/2010 P-12 Empowered Schools and School Districts Act S.B. 2330 Creates the empowered schools and school districts act. Allows a public school, zone, or district to submit empowerment plans to the state b... More... CT Signed into law 05/2010 P-12 Innovation Schools S.B. 438 - Sec. 6 Permits a board of education for a priority school district to, through agreement with the organizations designated or elected as the exclus... More... TN Signed into law 05/2010 P-12 Choice of Schools in Memphis H.J.R. 781 A resolution directing the Department of Education to study student access to optional schools and programs in Memphis City Schools and the ... More... OR Signed into law 06/2009 P-12 School for the Blind H.B. 2834 Directs the Superintendent of Public Instruction to close the State School for the Blind by a specified date; abolishes the school's Board o... More... OK Signed into law 05/2009 P-12 Oklahoma School for the Visual and Performing Arts H.B. 1737 Creates the Oklahoma School for the Visual and Performing Arts; provides for a board of trustees; provides for appointment of board; defines... More... IL Signed into law 08/2008 P-12 Assorted Amendments to the School Code S.B. 2482 Repeals the Professional Development Block Grant. Amends requirements related to annual census for special education, such that census must ... More... LA Signed into law 07/2008 P-12 New Orleans Center for the Creative Arts/Riverfront H.B. 1069 Requires the board of the New Orleans Center for the Creative Arts/Riverfront (NOCCA) to develop a plan to enter into cooperative agreements... More... OK Signed into law 05/2008 P-12 State School of Science and Mathematics H.B. 2310 Relates to the State School of Science and Mathematics; requires budgeting in certain categories and amounts; requires performance measures;... More... KS Signed into law 04/2008 P-12 Kansas Academy of Mathematics and Science S.B. 404 Provides that the Kansas Academy of Mathematics and Science (KAMS) may admit nonresident students. Requires KAMS students to pay those fees ... More... TX Signed into law 07/2007 P-12 Postsec. Texas Governor's Schools H.B. 1748 House Bill 1748 amends the Education Code to transfer all powers and duties relating to the Texas governor's schools program from the Texas ... More... OK Signed into law 06/2007 P-12 School of Science and Mathematics S.B. 194 Relates to the School of Science and Mathematics; requires budgeting in certain categories and amounts; requires certain performance measure... More... IN Signed into law 05/2007 P-12 Postsec. Speciality Schools S.B. 526 (omnibus) - Article 24.5 Authorizes the board of trustees of Ball State University, Indiana State University, Indiana University or Purdue University to establish a ... More... KS Signed into law 04/2006 P-12 Kansas Academy of Mathematics and Science S.B. 139 Establishes the Kansas Academy of Mathematics and Science as either: (1) An accelerated residential, or on-line distance learning program f... More... TX Signed into law 06/2005 P-12 Postsec. Texas Academy for Mathematics and Science Studies S.B. 1452 From bill analysis: S.B. 1452 establishes the Texas Academy for Mathematics and Science Studies (academy) at The University of Texas at Brow... More... CT Signed into law 03/2005 P-12 Educational Cost Sharing Distribution Technical Error H.B. 6489 Corrects a technical error in educational cost sharing distribution and enables the provision of existing funds to interdistrict magnet scho... More... LA Signed into law 06/2004 P-12 Fees for Louisiana School of Math, Science, and the Arts H.B. 431 Increases certain fees imposed by the board of directors of the state school of math, science, and the arts. Increases maximum possible sec... More... OK Signed into law 06/2003 P-12 The Oklahoma School Of Science And Mathematics S.B. 26 Relates to the Oklahoma School of Science and Mathematics; makes an appropriation; states purpose; provides for the budgeting of funds in ce... More... CT Signed into law 09/2002 P-12 State Expenditures (various sections) H.B. 6004 (Special Session Act No. 02-7 Requires interdistrict magnet schools that begin operations after July 1, 2005 to limit the percentage of students from one district that en... More... FL Signed into law 05/2002 P-12 Education Code Re-Write: Developmental Research (Laboratory) Schools S.B. 20E Changes name of "Developmental Research Schools" to "Lab Schools." According to legislative document: "LLC members decided to change advisor... More... OK Signed into law 05/2002 P-12 School of Science and Mathematics S.B. 1004 Relates to the Oklahoma School of Science and Mathematics; provides for the budgeting of funds in certain categories and amounts; requires p... More... AL Signed into law 04/2002 P-12 Board of Trustees of AL High School of Mathematics and Science H.B. 289 Relates to the membership of the Board of Trustees of the state High School of Mathematics and Science; provides that the Assistant State Su... More... CT Signed into law 06/1999 P-12 Interdistrict Public School Choice Program H.B. 6950 Makes changes in the Interdistrict Public School Choice Program and in laws governing State and local charter schools, lighthouse schools an... More... OR Died 06/1998 P-12 H.B. 3083 Programs for Disruptive Students Relates to school district program for disruptive students; directs the School District Board to adopt program to address problems of disrup... More... LA Signed into law 05/1998 P-12 H.B. 27 Creates the Alternative School Fund within the state treasury; provides for the benefit of chronically disruptive, suspended or expelled stu... More... MD Signed into law 05/1998 P-12 H.B. 1347 Establishes a Maryland Technology Academy in the State Department of Education; specifies the purposes and format for the operation of the A... More... MS Died 05/1998 P-12 H.B. 189 Requires the Department of Education to establish a juvenile Alternative Program as a pilot program in each supreme court district for 1st a... More... MS Died 05/1998 P-12 H.B. 262 Alternative Educational Program Creates an alternative educational program under the joint direction of the State Department of Education and the Department of Human Servic... More... CO Signed into law 04/1998 P-12 S.B. 1 Expelled Students Amends and clarifies law enacted last session which requires school districts to serve expelled students. As amended, allows local board to ... More... FL Signed into law 11/1997 P-12 S.B. 8 Directs the Alternative Education Institute to serve as an educational facility for at-risk youth; provides for the expiration of the terms ... More... OH Signed into law 08/1997 P-12 S.B. 55 Alternative Schools Modifies Sec. 3313.534. (E) If a District Board of Education elects under this section, or is required by section 3313.534 of the revised co... More... TX Died 08/1997 P-12 S.B. 410 & H.B. 351 Juvenile Justice Alternative Ed. Program Relate to certain students expelled from public school or ordereed to attend a juvenile justice alternative education program.... More... CT Died 06/1997 P-12 S.B. 38 Financial Support from Parents for Alternative Educational Programs Requires parents to pay the cost of alternative educational programs provided to expelled students in order to reduce the financial burden o... More... CT Signed into law 06/1997 P-12 Recruitment of Students (Public Act No. 97-39) S.B. 1033 Section 1. (New) Each local and regional board of education shall provide an opportunity for the recruitment of students by regional vocatio... More... GA Signed into law 06/1997 P-12 20-2-769 Alternative school program authorized; annual reports The State Board of Education is authorized to create an alternative school program for students in grades 6-12 to serve students who violate... More... LA Died 06/1997 P-12 H.B. 997 & H.B. 1097 & S.B. 730 Alternative Programs for Disruptive Students Requires school system to retain supervision of certain suspended and expelled students using BESE approved alternative education programs. ... More... NJ Died 06/1997 P-12 A.B. 523 Magnet Schools for Disciplinary Problems Establishes on pilot basis a "Boot Camp" style residential school program for pupils with disciplinary problems.... More... FL Died 05/1997 P-12 S.B. 1994 Study Commission for Math and Sciences Academy Establishes study commission to determine need for creating statewide residential math and sciences academy; provides commission membership ... More... MO Died 05/1997 P-12 H.B. 704 Establishment of "The Governor's Academy for Computers, Science and Mathematics" Establishes "The governors Academy for computers, Science and Mathematics" at Northwest Missouri State university for gifted junior and seni... More... OK Signed into law 05/1997 P-12 H.B. 1458 Alternative Education Academy Grants Relates to schools. Alternative Education Academy Grants.... More... AZ Signed into law 04/1997 P-12 H.B. 2169 Educational Programs for Persons Under 20 who Are At Risk Makes an appropriation; relates to the National Guard of Arizona; relates to powers and duties of the Adjutant General; requires the Adjutan... More... ND Signed into law 04/1997 P-12 H.B. 1051 Alternative Education Provides for the reimbursment of certain school districts having alternative high schools.... More... VA Signed into law 03/1997 P-12 H.B. 1936 Suspension, Exclusion and Expulsion Repeals sections of the Acts of 1993 which relate to the education of students who are suspended, excluded, or expelled.... More... MS Died 02/1997 P-12 H.B. 920 Alternative Education Program Creates alternative education program for at-risk youth.... More... IN Died 01/1997 P-12 S.B. 322 Alternative Education Provides an additional count of 0.50 in the state tuition support formula for students of a school corporation who participate in an alterna... More... PA Died 11/1996 P-12 H.B. 8 Alternative Education H.B. 8 provides school districts with an opportunity to establish alternative education programs for students in grades 7-12. Districts woul... More... OH Signed into law 07/1996 P-12 H.B. 601 Alternative Disciplinary Schools Authorizes the board of education of school districts to create alternative disciplinary middle and high schools that may operate in a certa... More... DE Signed into law 06/1996 P-12 S.B. 277 Magnet Schools Run by Business Authorizes local school districts to operate "satellite schools", schools located at the worksite of and employer; protects students by requ... More... TN Signed into law 05/1996 P-12 S.B. 2563 Authorizes pilot alternative school program Authorizes pilot alternative school program for K-12 in three systems of 7,000 or less, one in each grand division to determine most effecti... More... FL Signed into law 04/1996 P-12 S.B. 1438 Sharing Information on Disruptive Youth (#96-55) (Effective: 10/04/96) Provides for development of an information access and delivery system to enable agencies to share information needed t... More... IL Died 04/1996 P-12 H.B. 1000 Alternative Schools and Contracts With Third Parties to Provide Services Amends the school code to authorize the Chicago Board of Education to establish alternative schools and to contract with third parties to pr... More... MD Signed into law 04/1996 P-12 S.B. 221 Programs for Disruptive Students (Effective: 04/09/96) Requiring a continuum model of prevention and intervention programs for disruptive students; setting criteria for fund... More... ME Died 04/1996 P-12 S.B. 687 Magnet School - Visual & Performing Arts Establishes a High School for the Visual and Performing Arts.... More... OK Signed into law 04/1996 P-12 H.B. 2563 Alternative Education Relates to schools; relates to alternative education; allows for abbreviated school day and alternative teacher certification standards for ... More... AZ Died 03/1996 P-12 S.B. 1121 Approval of Pupil Count for Alternative Schools Provides that before a school district can increase its student count to reflect new students attending its "alternative school" it must app... More... AZ Died 03/1996 P-12 S.B. 1267 Establishment of Arizona Military Institute as a State High School Establishes an "Arizona Military Institute" as a state high school, with state legislators empowered to appoint candidates for enrollment.... More... ID Signed into law 03/1996 P-12 S.B. 1550 Funding for Alternative School Programs Amends existing law to provide that moneys generated from computation of support units be used for alternative school programs.... More... IN Signed into law 03/1996 P-12 H.B. 1420 Alternative Programs Requires the Department of Education to encourage school corporations to assess the need in the school corporation for alternative programs;... More... SC Died 03/1996 P-12 H.B. 4807 Development of Alternative Schools for At-Risk Students Requires school districts to develop alternative schools and requires a child expelled for more than one week to be placed in a private or a... More... WV Signed into law 03/1996 P-12 H.B. 4065 Safe Schools (Effective: 03/20/96) Provides for alternative schools or alternative education programs for disruptive school-age juveniles at the county l... More... WV Signed into law 03/1996 P-12 H.B. 4139 Alternative Education for Disruptive Students Establishes a secure residential school of juvenile status offenders and providing an alternative school for evening classes or night school... More... AL Died 02/1996 P-12 S.B. 456 Alternative Schools for Juvenile Delinquents Requires that under certain conditions a court may order a juvenile to attend an alternative school if the juvenile is committed to a juveni... More... MD Died 02/1996 P-12 S.B. 195 Programs for Disruptive Students Requiring each county board of education and the Board of School Commissioners of Baltimore City to establish comprehensive programs for dis... More... MS Died 02/1996 P-12 H.B. 23 & H.B. 108 Alternative School Progrms Requires each school district to maintain and operate an alternative school program within the district beginning with the 1997-1998 school ... More... AZ Died 01/1996 P-12 S.B. 1122 Alternative School Stimulus Fund Appropriates to the Department of Education a specific amount for new "alternative school stimulus fund" that is to pay for start-up, transp... More... HI Died 01/1996 P-12 H.B. 2965 Hawaiian Language Immersion Program Appropriates funds for the Hawaiian Language Immersion Program.... More... IL Died 01/1996 P-12 S.B. 1349 In-School District-Wide Supervision Center Program Provides for establishing an in-school, district-wide intensive supervision center program for pupils under age 16 who are guilty of gross d... More... MS Died 01/1996 P-12 H.B. 387 & H.B. 631 Alternative Education for At-risk Students H.B. 387 Creates alternative programs for at-risk youth in education. H.B. 631 Relates to requiring each school district to operate an alter... More... RI Died 01/1996 P-12 H.B. 7379 Alternative School Pilot Program Establishes an Alternative School Pilot Program to be adopted by the Board of Regents of Elementary and Secondary Education and the local sc... More... TN Died 01/1996 P-12 H.B. 2523/S.B. 2432 Funding Alternative School Includes in basic education funding sufficient money to fund one alternative school for suspended or expelled students in grades 7-12 for ea... More... OH Died 11/1995 P-12 H.B. 507 Alternative Discipline Authorizes the boards of education of school districts to create alternative disciplinary middle and high schools that may operate in a cert... More... CA Signed into law 10/1995 P-12 A.B. 625 Alternative Education and Work Center for School Dropouts Reauthorizes a school district that participates in school-based program coordination to establish an alternative education and work center ... More... ME Signed into law 07/1995 P-12 H.B. 1035 Maine School of Science and Mathematics (Effective: 07/03/95) Clarifies the law establishing the Maine School of Science and Mathematics by adding language stating that the school ... More... MD Signed into law 06/1995 P-12 H.B. 970, Chapter 632 Baltimore City Alternative Learning Center Establishes the Baltimore City Alternative Learning Center in the Baltimore City Public School System. A student may be transferred to the C... More... MO Signed into law 05/1995 P-12 H.B. 345 Student Suspension This bill requires public school districts to suspend for at least one year any student who brings a firearm to school. The chief officers o... More... TX Signed into law 05/1995 P-12 Charter/Local Control - Education Measure Approved Bush Says He'll Sign Bill Tuesday Local voters can adopt a home-rule charter to free their school district from many state regulations. They still are subject to standards in... More... VA Signed into law 05/1995 P-12 Alternative Education Placement Authorizes local school boards to determine the appropriate alternative education placement of students who have been placed in alternative ... More... CO Died 04/1995 P-12 H.B. 1317 Alternative Schools This bill enables districts to create alternative schools to teach expelled or suspended students, K-12. Council staff is working with a var... More... GA Signed into law 04/1995 P-12 H.B. 436 - Educating Incarcerated Youth Authorizes creation of a special school district for incarcerated youth; provides that the Commissioner of Corrections shall serve as superi... More... GA Signed into law 04/1995 P-12 S.B. 281 Expulsion of Students for Bringing Weapons to School Provides for the establishment of policies by local boards of education requiring the expulsion of students who bring weapons to school; aut... More... MS Signed into law 04/1995 P-12 S.B. 2510 - Student Suspensions Suspension of students; provides standards for removal of students to alternative school programs.... More... VA Became law without governor's signature 04/1995 P-12 H.B. 2150 - Alternative Education Provides that local school boards shall determine the alternative education placement of students who attend the public schools of its divis... More... AR Signed into law 03/1995 P-12 H.B. 1691 - Reporting on Alternative Learning Environments Clarifies reporting requirements concerning alternative learning environments in public schools.... More... IN Died 02/1995 P-12 H.B. 1265 Alternative Schools (Effective: 07/01/95) Allows governing bodies of school corporations to estab. alternative programs for disruptive students. Defines disrupt... More... NJ Active 01/1995 P-12 Community College Alternative Education Programs (Effective: 01/31/95) Alternative education programs for potentially dangerous students are expected to be in most of NJ's 21 counties by th... More... DE Signed into law 06/1994 P-12 H.B. 247 Alt. schools, intervention grants, prevention grants Provides funding to districts in 3 areas: 1) alternative schools for expelled and disruptive youth; 2) intervention grants for middle and hi... More... MN Signed into law 06/1994 P-12 Funds for facility improvements Appropriations of $1.5 million in operating grants and $20 million in state bond funds for facility improvements are available for metropoli... More... WA Signed into law 06/1994 P-12 RCS 28A.320.140 Schools with special standards Allows school boards to establish schools or programs which parents may choose for their children which require dress codes/uniforms; where ... More... AL Signed into law 05/1994 P-12 S 75 (Act 94-787) Disciplinary School Programs (Effective: 05/17/94) Requires local boards of education to establish disciplinary school programs for disruptive students. (Legis. Link, Fi... More... NM Signed into law 04/1994 P-12 At Risk, Alternative Ed, Gangs, Violence During the 1994 session, the Legislature considered several pieces of legislation related to at-risk students, alternative education program... More... WI Signed into law 03/1994 P-12 S.B. 810 Violence (Effective: 07/01/94) Relates to a youthful offender program, juvenile boot camp planning, grants to vocational, technical and adult educati... More... Choice of Schools--Tax Credits Choice of Schools--Vouchers Choice of Schools--Vouchers--Privately Funded Civic Education Civic Education--Character Education Civic Education--Civic Knowledge and Literacy Civic Education--Curriculum/Standards Civic Education--Pledge of Allegiance Class Size Curriculum Curriculum--Alignment Curriculum--Arts Education Curriculum--Censorship Curriculum--Core Curriculum Curriculum--Drivers Education Curriculum--Environmental Education Curriculum--Excusal Curriculum--Family Living Education Curriculum--Financial Literacy/Economics Ed. Curriculum--Foreign Language/Sign Language Curriculum--Geography Education Curriculum--Health/Nutrition Education Curriculum--Home Economics Curriculum--International Education Curriculum--Language Arts Curriculum--Language Arts--Writing/Spelling Curriculum--Mathematics Curriculum--Multicultural Curriculum--Physical Education Curriculum--Science Curriculum--Sex Education Curriculum--Social Studies/History Curriculum--Speech Education Data-Driven Improvement Demographics Demographics--Condition of Children/Adults Demographics--Enrollments Desegregation Economic/Workforce Development Education Research Equity Federal Finance Finance--Adequacy/Core Cost Finance--Aid to Private Schools Finance--Bonds Finance--District Finance--Does Money Matter? Finance--Equity Finance--Facilities Finance--Federal Finance--Funding Formulas Finance--Litigation Finance--Local Foundations/Funds Finance--Lotteries Finance--Performance Funding Finance--Private Giving Finance--Resource Efficiency Finance--State Budgets/Expenditures Finance--Student Fees Finance--Taxes/Revenues Finance--Taxes/Revenues--Alternative Revenues Governance Governance--Deregulation/Waivers/Home Rule Governance--Ethics/Conflict of Interest Governance--Mandates Governance--Regional Entities Governance--School Boards Governance--School Boards--Training Governance--Site-Based Management Governance--State Boards/Chiefs/Agencies Health Health--Child Abuse Health--Mental Health Health--Nutrition Health--School Based Clinics or School Nurses Health--Suicide Prevention Health--Teen Pregnancy High School High School--Advanced Placement High School--College Readiness High School--Credit Recovery High School--Dropout Rates/Graduation Rates High School--Dual/Concurrent Enrollment High School--Early Colleges/Middle Colleges High School--Exit Exams High School--GED (General Education Development) High School--Graduation Requirements High School--International Baccalaureate Instructional Approaches Instructional Approaches--Constructivism Instructional Approaches--Grading Practices Instructional Approaches--Homeschooling Instructional Approaches--Homework/Study Skills Instructional Approaches--Official English Instructional Approaches--Problem Based Learning Instructional Approaches--Single-Sex Education Instructional Approaches--Time/Time on Task Instructional Approaches--Tracking/Ability Grouping Integrated Services/Full-Service Schools International Benchmarking Leadership Leadership--District Superintendent Leadership--District Superintendent--Compensation and Diversified Pay Leadership--Principal/School Leadership Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Certification and Licensure Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Compensation and Diversified Pay Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Evaluation and Effectiveness Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Induction Programs and Mentoring Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Preparation Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Preparation--Alternative Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Professional Development Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Recruitment and Retention Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Tenure Middle School Minority/Diversity Issues Minority/Diversity Issues--African American Minority/Diversity Issues--American Indian / Alaska Native / Native Hawaiian Minority/Diversity Issues--Hispanic No Child Left Behind No Child Left Behind--Adequate Yearly Progress No Child Left Behind--Assessment No Child Left Behind--Choice/Transfer No Child Left Behind--Consequences for Schools No Child Left Behind--Finance No Child Left Behind--Parent Involvement No Child Left Behind--Reauthorization Issues/Waivers No Child Left Behind--Report Cards No Child Left Behind--School Support No Child Left Behind--Special Populations No Child Left Behind--Supplemental Services Online Learning--Digital/Blended Learning Online Learning--Virtual Schools/Courses P-16 or P-20 P-3 P-3 Brain Development P-3 Child Care P-3 Content Standards and Assessment P-3 Data Systems P-3 Early Intervention (0-3) P-3 Ensuring Quality P-3 Evaluation/Economic Benefits P-3 Family Involvement P-3 Finance P-3 Governance P-3 Grades 1-3 P-3 Health and Mental Health P-3 Kindergarten P-3 Kindergarten--Full-Day Kindergarten P-3 Kindergarten--Full Day Kindergarten P-3 Preschool P-3 Public/Private Partnerships P-3 Special Ed./Inclusion P-3 Teaching Quality/Professional Development Parent/Family Parent/Family--Parent Rights Parent/Family--Research Partnerships--University/School Postsecondary Postsecondary Accountability Postsecondary Accountability--Accreditation Postsecondary Accountability--Diploma Mills Postsecondary Accountability--Licensing/Program Review and Approval Postsecondary Accountability--Student Learning Postsecondary Affordability Postsecondary Affordability--Financial Aid Postsecondary Affordability--Textbooks Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees--Prepd/College Savings Plans Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees--Undocumented Immigrants Postsecondary Faculty Postsecondary Faculty--Compensation Postsecondary Faculty--Intellectual Property Postsecondary Faculty--Teaching Assistants Postsecondary Faculty--Tenure Postsecondary Finance Postsecondary Finance--Efficiency/Performance-Based Funding Postsecondary Finance--Facilities Postsecondary Finance--Revenue and Expenditures Postsecondary Governance and Structures Postsecondary Governance and Structures--Administrative/Leadership Issues Postsecondary Governance and Structures--State Executives/State Agencies Postsecondary Institutions Postsecondary Institutions--Community/Technical Colleges Postsecondary Institutions--For-Profit/Proprietary Postsecondary Institutions--Four-Year Baccalaureate Postsecondary Institutions--HBCUs/Minority-Serving Institutions Postsecondary Institutions--Private/Independent Postsecondary Online Instruction Postsecondary Participation Postsecondary Participation--Access Postsecondary Participation--Admissions Requirements Postsecondary Participation--Affirmative Action Postsecondary Participation--Enrollments (Statistics) Postsecondary Participation--Outreach Postsecondary Students Postsecondary Students--Adults Postsecondary Students--Disabled Postsecondary Students--Foster Youth Postsecondary Students--Graduate/Professional Postsecondary Students--International Postsecondary Students--Low-Income Postsecondary Students--Military Postsecondary Students--Minority Postsecondary Success Postsecondary Success--Completion Postsecondary Success--Completion--Completion Rates (Statistics) Postsecondary Success--Developmental/Remediation Postsecondary Success--Retention/Persistence Postsecondary Success--Transfer/Articulation Private Schools Privatization Privatization--Education Management Agencies (EMOs) Proficiency-Based Approaches Promising Practices Promotion/Retention Public Involvement Purposes of Public Education Reading/Literacy Reading/Literacy--Adult Literacy Religion Religion--Prayer/Meditation Religion--Scientific Creationism (Evolution) Rural Scheduling/School Calendar Scheduling/School Calendar--Day/Class Length Scheduling/School Calendar--Extended Day Programs Scheduling/School Calendar--Summer School Scheduling/School Calendar--Week Scheduling/School Calendar--Year Scheduling/School Calendar--Year Round School Climate/Culture School Safety School Safety--Bullying Prevention/Conflict Resolution School Safety--Code of Conduct School Safety--Corporal Punishment School Safety--Disaster/Emergency Preparedness School Safety--Expulsion/Suspension School Safety--No Child Left Behind--Safe Schools School Safety--Sexual Harassment and Assault School Safety--Special Education School Safety--Uniforms/Dress Codes School/District Structure/Operations School/District Structure/Operations--District Consolidation/Deconsolidation School/District Structure/Operations--District Size School/District Structure/Operations--Facilities School/District Structure/Operations--Food Service School/District Structure/Operations--Libraries School/District Structure/Operations--Org. 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Bd. for Prof. Teach. Stds. Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Special Education Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--State Prof. Standards Bds. 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