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From the ECS State Policy Database 1994-2013

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Education Commission of the States • 700 Broadway, Suite 810 • Denver, CO 80203-3442 • 303.299.3600 • fax 303.296.8332 • www.ecs.org

The following summary includes policies ECS has tracked in this database since 1994. This database is made possible by your state's fiscal support of the Education Commission of the States (ECS). Most entries are legislative, although rules/regulations and executive orders that make substantive changes are included. Every effort is made to collect the latest available version of policies; in some instances, recent changes might not be reflected. For expediency purposes minimal attention has been paid to style (capitalization, punctuation) and format. To view the documents, click on the blue triangle next to the topic of interest. Please cite use of the database as: Education Commission of the States (ECS) State Policy Database, retrieved [date]. State Status/Date Level Summary 21st Century Skills Accountability Accountability--Accreditation Accountability--Measures/Indicators Accountability--Reporting Results Accountability--Rewards Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--Learnfare Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--No Pass No Drive Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--No Pass No Play Accountability--Sanctions/Interventions--Takeovers Accountability--School Improvement Adult Basic Education Assessment Assessment--Accommodations Assessment--College Entrance Exams Assessment--Common Core/National Tests Assessment--Computer Based Assessment--End-of-Course Assessment--Formative/Interim Assessment--High Stakes/Competency Assessment--NAEP (NAEP Results and NAEP Organization) Assessment--Performance Based/Portfolio Assessment--Value Added At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention) At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)--Alternative Education At-Risk (incl. Dropout Prevention)--Drugs/Alcohol Attendance Attendance--Compulsory Attendance--Statutory Ages (Upper and Lower) Attendance--Truancy Background Checks Bilingual/ESL Brain Research Business Involvement Career/Technical Education Career/Technical Education--Career Academies/Apprenticeship Cheating Choice of Schools Choice of Schools--Charter Schools Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Charter Districts Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Closings Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Cyber Charters Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Finance Choice of Schools--Charter Schools--Research Choice of Schools--Choice/Open Enrollment Choice of Schools--Innovation Schools Choice of Schools--Magnet or Specialized Schools Choice of Schools--Tax Credits Choice of Schools--Vouchers Choice of Schools--Vouchers--Privately Funded Civic Education Civic Education--Character Education Civic Education--Civic Knowledge and Literacy Civic Education--Curriculum/Standards Civic Education--Pledge of Allegiance Class Size Counseling/Guidance Curriculum Curriculum--Alignment Curriculum--Arts Education Curriculum--Censorship Curriculum--Computer Science Curriculum--Core Curriculum Curriculum--Drivers Education Curriculum--Environmental Education Curriculum--Excusal Curriculum--Family Living Education Curriculum--Financial Literacy/Economics Ed. Curriculum--Foreign Language/Sign Language Curriculum--Geography Education Curriculum--Health/Nutrition Education Curriculum--Home Economics Curriculum--International Education Curriculum--Language Arts Curriculum--Language Arts--Writing/Spelling Curriculum--Mathematics Curriculum--Multicultural Curriculum--Physical Education Curriculum--Science Curriculum--Sex Education Curriculum--Social Studies/History Data-Driven Improvement Demographics Demographics--Condition of Children/Adults Demographics--Enrollments Desegregation MN Signed into law 07/2011 P-12 Prohibits Segregation H.F. 26 Stipulates that students should not be separated by socioeconomic, demographic, ethnic or racial differences. States that Minnesota will offer a diverse and nondiscriminatory educational experience.(Article 2, Sec 42) http://wdoc.house.leg.state.mn.us/leg/LS87... More... AR Signed into law 03/2011 P-12 Oversight of Desegregation Funds H.B. 1878 Provides oversight of and accountability for state desegregation funding received and expended by the Pulaski County School Districts. http://www.arkleg.state.ar.us/assembly/2011/2011R/Acts/Act701.pdf... More... AR Signed into law 02/2009 P-12 Accountability and Efficiency H.B. 1222 Ensures continued accountability and efficiency for school districts involved in desegregation litigation. http://www.arkleg.state.ar.us/assembly/2009/R/Bills/HB1222.pdf... More... AR Signed into law 04/2008 P-12 School Desegregation H.B. 1003A Amends provisions concerning school desegregation funding and litigation costs; extends the time period within which a school district must be declared unitary or at least partially unitary to be eligible for reimbursement. http://www.arkleg.state.ar.us/ftproo... More... IA Signed into law 04/2008 P-12 Desegregation and Diversity Plans H.F. 2164 Relates to voluntary diversity or court-ordered school desegregation plans under the state's open enrollment law. Deletes provision that "court-ordered desegregation, minority and nonminority pupil ratios shall be maintained according to the desegregation plan... More... NE Signed into law 04/2008 P-12 Learning Communities, Telecommunication Services L.B. 1154 From the fiscal note: LB 1154 pertains to learning communities. Section 8 changes the requirements for transportation of students in a learning community. Free transportation is to be provided to a student contributing to the socioeconomic diversity of enrollm... More... AZ Vetoed 06/2007 P-12 Choice, Desegregation H.B. 2119 Relates to open enrollment for students in schools ordered to desegregate. ... More... MN Signed into law 05/2007 P-12 Multiracial Diversity H.F. 2245 [Multiracial Diversity] Authorizes a school district to apply to the commissioner for a waiver from the requirement to maintain racial balance within a district school if the racial imbalance in that school results from: (1) The enrollment of protected multiracial students and the pr... More... NE Signed into law 05/2007 P-12 Division of a Learning Community into Separate Education Centers L.B. 641 Pertains to Class V school districts. (Omaha Public Schools is only class V district as of bill passage.) Provides for the division of a learning community into separate education centers and establishes procedures. Replaces the requirement for Class V school ... More... NY Signed into law 04/2007 P-12 Full-Day Kindergarten Planning Grants and Desegregation Grant S.B. 2107 - Part B, Section 38 Authorizes the commissioner to award grants to districts that operated half-day kindergarten programs in the 2006-2007 school year, and that will continue to operate such half-day programs in the 2007-2008 school year, to plan for conversion to full-day kinder... More... IA Adopted 02/2007 P-12 Student Assignments May Not Be Based Solely or Primarily on Race IAC 281-17.2(282), 17.6(2), 281-17.14(282), 17.14(1) through 17.14(5) These amendments are in response to the June 28, 2007, decision of the United States Supreme Court that student assignments may not be based solely or primarily on race. Thus, under the amended rules, eligible school districts will still be able to deny open e... More... AR Signed into law 04/2005 P-12 Closure of Isolated Schools H.B. 1289 Allows a school district to close an isolated school or part thereof following an annexation or consolidation. Specifies that the state board may approve a motion to close such a school if the closure is in the best interest of the students in the school distr... More... AR Signed into law 04/2005 P-12 Desegregation Litigation H.B. 2701 Allows the Desegregation Litigation Oversight Subcommittee to conduct a comprehensive feasibility study to facilitate a final resolution of the various desegregation cases in the state to which the state of Arkansas or its officers are a party. Authorizes the ... More... AR Signed into law 04/2005 P-12 Desegregation Lawsuit Resolution Task Force S.B. 974 Creates the Arkansas Public School Desegregation Lawsuit Resolution Task Force to serve with the members of the Desegregation Litigation Oversight Subcommittee. Requires the task force to (1) Study methods of bringing a final resolution to desegregation litiga... More... AZ Vetoed 04/2005 P-12 School Finance H.B. 2498 Provides restrictions on desegregation funds for districts that, as of June 30, 2005, were under desegregation orders or an administrative agreement with the U.S. Department of Education's Office for Civil Rights directed toward remediating alleged or proven r... More... AZ Signed into law 04/2005 P-12 School Finance H.B. 2497 Replaces the biennial reporting requirements for desegregation districts with an annual report that lists specific items to be reported on a district-wide and school-by-school basis beginning in FY 2006-07.  Districts that become subject to a court order or ad... More... CA Vetoed--in Senate to unfinished business 10/2004 P-12 Grant Joint Union High School District S.B. 1271 The California Constitution requires the state to reimburse local agencies and school districts for costs mandated by the state and incurred by a local agency or school district to implement a new program or higher level of service. Existing law creates certai... More... MA Signed into law 07/2004 P-12 Postsec. School Building Assistance Program H.B. 4978 Relates to the School Building Assistance Program; provides for grants, investments, trusts and bonds; creates the School Building Authority; provides for children with disabilities; prohibits racial desegregation; provides for public-private partnerships, cha... More... IA Adopted 06/2004 P-12 Open Enrollment 281 IAC 17.2 thru .14 (non seq) Codifies open enrollment policies and procedures from the department's guidelines and decisions. http://www.legis.state.ia.us/Rules/2004/iac/281iac/28117/28117.pdf... More... AL Signed into law 03/2004 P-12 Brown v Board of Education Anniversary Commission S.J.R. 32 Amended S.J.R. 16 (Act 2003-500, 2003 2nd Sp. Sess) that related to the Alabama Interim Brown versus Board of Education 50th Anniversary Commission, members increased, authority expanded, dissolution date extended to January 1, 2005. http://alisdb.legislature.... More... AL Signed into law 09/2003 P-12 Brown v Board of Education Anniversary Commission S.J.R. 16 Creates to the Alabama Interim Brown v. Board of Education 50th Anniversary Commission. http://alisdb.legislature.state.al.us/acas/ACASLogin.asp... More... CA Signed into law 09/2003 P-12 Brown v. Board of Education Advisory Commission A.B. 648 Establishes the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Advisory Commission. Requires the commission to develop community and educational awareness programs to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the U.S. Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education of ... More... AL Became law without GOVERNOR'S signature. 06/2003 P-12 Segregation of Schools By Race H.B. 587 Proposes an amendment to the Constitution; removes references to segregation of schools by race; repeals section relating to poll taxes. http://alisdb.legislature.state.al.us/acas/ACASLogin.asp?SESSION=1026... More... IA Signed into law 05/2003 P-12 Desegregation and Funding Concerns in Open Enrollment Program H.B. 549 (omnibus bill) Specifies that the superintendent of a district subject to voluntary or court-ordered desegregation may not deny a request for transfer under the state's open enrollment policy if the request for transfer is submitted to the district before January 1 of the pr... More... AZ Signed into law 04/2002 P-12 Capital Outlay Revenue Limits and District Desegregation Activities H.B. 2550 Sets limits to amount that local board may budget outside of the capital outlay revenue limit. Requires districts pursuing desegregation voluntarily or under mandate to report to the department biennially on desegregation expenditures, activities and documente... More... IN Signed into law 03/2002 P-12 District Review of Programs to Consider Consequences of Tracking, Ability Grouping or Screening of Students by Test Results S.B. 292 Requires every district to review district's programs to judge if district's practices of separating students by ability, placing students into educational tracks, or using test results to screen students result in the systematic separation of students by race... More... OR Signed into law 06/2001 P-12 Urban Boundaries and Inclusions H.B. 2976 Requires local government to amend urban growth boundary if analysis finds actual housing types and densities insufficient for next 20 years; requires inclusion of certain school facilities, parks and open spaces.... More... AR Signed into law 04/2001 P-12 Court Ordered Desegregation H.B. 2238 Requires school districts involved in court ordered desegregation to comply with zoning requirements within 90 days after release from the court order.... More... MN Signed by governor 05/2000 P-12 Funding for Desegregation Initiatives H.B. 3800 Requires a district to submit a budget each year detailing the cost of its desegregation/integration plan before receiving integration revenue. For Minneapolis, St Paul, or Duluth, these requirements apply only to revenue which exceeds the amount received by t... More... CT Died 06/1997 P-12 H.B. 5120 Racial Imbalance in Public Schools Repeals the statutes concerning racial imbalance in public schools.... More... MN Signed into law 06/1994 P-12 Funds for facility improvements Appropriations of $1.5 million in operating grants and $20 million in state bond funds for facility improvements are available for metropolitan wide voluntary desegregation and integration efforts. The funds will be used by Minneapolis and St. Paul and suburba... More... MN Signed into law 06/1994 P-12 Desegregation Even though the concept of metropolitan wide desegregation was met with a lot of skepticism before the session started, it appears that the Legislature took the idea seriously. The education finance bill includes $2 million in several programs aimed at establi... More... Economic/Workforce Development Economic/Workforce Development--Value of an Education Education Research Equity Federal Finance Finance--Adequacy/Core Cost Finance--Aid to Private Schools Finance--Bonds Finance--District Finance--Does Money Matter? Finance--Equity Finance--Facilities Finance--Federal Finance--Funding Formulas Finance--Litigation Finance--Local Foundations/Funds Finance--Lotteries Finance--Performance Funding Finance--Private Giving Finance--Resource Efficiency Finance--State Budgets/Expenditures Finance--Student Fees Finance--Taxes/Revenues Finance--Taxes/Revenues--Alternative Revenues Governance Governance--Deregulation/Waivers/Home Rule Governance--Ethics/Conflict of Interest Governance--Mandates Governance--Regional Entities Governance--School Boards Governance--School Boards--Training Governance--Site-Based Management Governance--State Boards/Chiefs/Agencies Health Health--Child Abuse Health--Mental Health Health--Nutrition Health--School Based Clinics or School Nurses Health--Suicide Prevention Health--Teen Pregnancy High School High School--Advanced Placement High School--College Readiness High School--Credit Recovery High School--Dropout Rates/Graduation Rates High School--Dual/Concurrent Enrollment High School--Early Colleges/Middle Colleges High School--Exit Exams High School--GED (General Education Development) High School--Graduation Requirements Instructional Approaches Instructional Approaches--Constructivism Instructional Approaches--Grading Practices Instructional Approaches--Homeschooling Instructional Approaches--Homework/Study Skills Instructional Approaches--Official English Instructional Approaches--Problem Based Learning Instructional Approaches--Single-Sex Education Instructional Approaches--Teaching Across Disciplines Instructional Approaches--Time/Time on Task Instructional Approaches--Tracking/Ability Grouping Integrated Services/Full-Service Schools International Baccalaureate International Benchmarking Leadership Leadership--District Superintendent Leadership--District Superintendent--Compensation and Diversified Pay Leadership--Principal/School Leadership Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Certification and Licensure Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Compensation and Diversified Pay Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Evaluation and Effectiveness Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Induction Programs and Mentoring Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Preparation Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Preparation--Alternative Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Professional Development Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Recruitment and Retention Leadership--Principal/School Leadership--Tenure Mentoring/Tutoring Middle School Minority/Diversity Issues Minority/Diversity Issues--African American Minority/Diversity Issues--American Indian / Alaska Native / Native Hawaiian Minority/Diversity Issues--Hispanic No Child Left Behind No Child Left Behind--Adequate Yearly Progress No Child Left Behind--Assessment No Child Left Behind--Choice/Transfer No Child Left Behind--Consequences for Schools No Child Left Behind--Finance No Child Left Behind--Parent Involvement No Child Left Behind--Reauthorization Issues/Waivers No Child Left Behind--Report Cards No Child Left Behind--School Support No Child Left Behind--Special Populations No Child Left Behind--Supplemental Services Online Learning--Digital/Blended Learning Online Learning--Virtual Schools/Courses P-16 or P-20 P-3 P-3 Brain Development P-3 Child Care P-3 Content Standards and Assessment P-3 Data Systems P-3 Early Intervention (0-3) P-3 English Language Learners (ELL) P-3 Ensuring Quality P-3 Evaluation/Economic Benefits P-3 Family Involvement P-3 Finance P-3 Governance P-3 Grades 1-3 P-3 Health and Mental Health P-3 Kindergarten P-3 Kindergarten--Full-Day Kindergarten P-3 Kindergarten--Full Day Kindergarten P-3 Preschool P-3 Public/Private Partnerships P-3 Special Ed./Inclusion P-3 Teaching Quality/Professional Development P-3 Technology Parent/Family Parent/Family--Parent Rights Parent/Family--Research Partnerships--University/School Postsecondary Postsecondary Accountability Postsecondary Accountability--Accreditation Postsecondary Accountability--Diploma Mills Postsecondary Accountability--Licensing/Program Review and Approval Postsecondary Accountability--Student Learning Postsecondary Affordability Postsecondary Affordability--Financial Aid Postsecondary Affordability--Textbooks Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees--Prepd/College Savings Plans Postsecondary Affordability--Tuition/Fees--Undocumented Immigrants Postsecondary Faculty Postsecondary Faculty--Compensation Postsecondary Faculty--Intellectual Property Postsecondary Faculty--Teaching Assistants Postsecondary Faculty--Tenure Postsecondary Finance Postsecondary Finance--Efficiency/Performance-Based Funding Postsecondary Finance--Facilities Postsecondary Finance--Revenue and Expenditures Postsecondary Governance and Structures Postsecondary Governance and Structures--Administrative/Leadership Issues Postsecondary Governance and Structures--State Executives/State Agencies Postsecondary Institutions Postsecondary Institutions--Community/Technical Colleges Postsecondary Institutions--For-Profit/Proprietary Postsecondary Institutions--Four-Year Baccalaureate Postsecondary Institutions--HBCUs/Minority-Serving Institutions Postsecondary Institutions--Private/Independent Postsecondary Online Instruction Postsecondary Participation Postsecondary Participation--Access Postsecondary Participation--Admissions Requirements Postsecondary Participation--Affirmative Action Postsecondary Participation--Enrollments (Statistics) Postsecondary Participation--Outreach Postsecondary Students Postsecondary Students--Adults Postsecondary Students--Disabled Postsecondary Students--Foster Youth Postsecondary Students--Graduate/Professional Postsecondary Students--International Postsecondary Students--Low-Income Postsecondary Students--Military Postsecondary Students--Minority Postsecondary Success Postsecondary Success--Completion Postsecondary Success--Developmental/Remediation Postsecondary Success--Retention/Persistence Postsecondary Success--Transfer/Articulation Private Schools Privatization Privatization--Education Management Agencies (EMOs) Proficiency-Based Approaches Promising Practices Promotion/Retention Public Involvement Purposes of Public Education Reading/Literacy Reading/Literacy--Adult Literacy Religion Religion--Prayer/Meditation Religion--Scientific Creationism (Evolution) Remediation (K-12) Rural Scale-Up/Replication Scheduling/School Calendar Scheduling/School Calendar--Day/Class Length Scheduling/School Calendar--Extended Day Programs Scheduling/School Calendar--Summer School Scheduling/School Calendar--Week Scheduling/School Calendar--Year Scheduling/School Calendar--Year Round School Climate/Culture School Safety School Safety--Bullying Prevention/Conflict Resolution School Safety--Code of Conduct School Safety--Corporal Punishment School Safety--Disaster/Emergency Preparedness School Safety--Expulsion/Suspension School Safety--No Child Left Behind--Safe Schools School Safety--Sexual Harassment and Assault School Safety--Special Education School Safety--Uniforms/Dress Codes School/District Structure/Operations School/District Structure/Operations--District Consolidation/Deconsolidation School/District Structure/Operations--District Size School/District Structure/Operations--Facilities School/District Structure/Operations--Food Service School/District Structure/Operations--Libraries School/District Structure/Operations--Org. (K-3/K-8 etc.) School/District Structure/Operations--Personnel (Non-Teaching) School/District Structure/Operations--School Size School/District Structure/Operations--Shared Services School/District Structure/Operations--Staffing Ratios School/District Structure/Operations--Transportation Service-Learning Social/Emotional Learning and Non-Cognitive Skills Special Education Special Education--Federal Law/Regulations Special Education--Finance Special Education--Inclusion (Mainstreaming) Special Education--Placement Special Education--Transition Special Populations--Corrections Education Special Populations--Foster Care Special Populations--Gifted and Talented Special Populations--Homeless Education Special Populations--Immigrant Education Special Populations--Migrant Education Special Populations--Military Standards Standards--Common Core State Standards Standards--Implementation State Comparisons/Statistics State Longitudinal Data Systems State Policymaking State Policymaking--Ballot Questions State Policymaking--Constitutional Clauses State Policymaking--Politics State Policymaking--Task Forces/Commissions STEM Student Achievement Student Achievement--Closing the Achievement Gap Student Surveys Students Students--Athletics/Extracurricular Activities Students--Employment Students--Incentives Students--K-12 Exchange Students Students--Mobility Students--Records/Rights Teaching Quality Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Alternative Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Assignment Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Highly Qualified Teachers Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Natl. Bd. for Prof. Teach. Stds. Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Special Education Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--State Prof. Standards Bds. Teaching Quality--Certification and Licensure--Substitute Teachers Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay--Pay-for-Performance Teaching Quality--Compensation and Diversified Pay--Retirement/Benefits Teaching Quality--Evaluation and Effectiveness Teaching Quality--Induction Programs and Mentoring Teaching Quality--Paraprofessionals Teaching Quality--Preparation Teaching Quality--Professional Development Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention--At-Risk Schools Teaching Quality--Recruitment and Retention--High-Needs Subjects Teaching Quality--Reduction in Force Teaching Quality--Teacher Attitudes Teaching Quality--Teacher Contracts (Not Tenure) Teaching Quality--Teacher Rights Teaching Quality--Tenure or Continuing Contract Teaching Quality--Unions/Collective Bargaining Teaching Quality--Unions/Collective Bargaining--Strikes Teaching Quality--Working Conditions Technology Technology--Computer Skills Technology--Devices/Software/Hardware Technology--Equitable Access Technology--Funding Issues Technology--Internet Safety Technology--Research/Evaluation Technology--Teacher/Faculty Training Textbooks and Open Source Urban Urban--Change/Improvements Urban--Governance Whole-School Reform Models