The State of Proficiency: How Student Proficiency Rates Vary Across States, Subjects and Grades Between 2002 and 2010 - The purpose of this study is to shine some light on the limitations of using proficiency rates based on inconsistent and arbitrary "passing scores" to make judgments about educational effectiveness. (Sarah Durant, Michael Dahlin, Deborah Adkins and G. Gage Kingsbury, Kingbury Center at Northwest Evaluation Association, June 2011)...

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