[searchwp_no_index]Note: All U.S. Department of Education data on 4th- and 8th-grade students are for public school students.
Select from this list to go to the notes and sources for each area:[/searchwp_no_index]
[one_half]STEM DEMAND
DIVERSITY[/one_half]
[one_half_last]STEM CONTENT
TEACHING TOOLS[/one_half_last]
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STEM jobs are growing fast
SOURCE: Economic Modeling Specialists International, April 2017.
NOTE: The definition of STEM occupations includes Computer and Mathematical occupations, Architecture and Engineering occupations, Life and Physical Science occupations, three Management occupations in STEM fields (Computer and Systems Information managers, Architectural and Engineering managers, and Natural Science managers), and select Healthcare Practitioner and Technical occupations:[/searchwp_no_index]
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| SOC Code | Census Code | |
| Management Occupations | ||
| Computer and Information Systems Managers | 11-3021 | 0110 |
| Architectural and Engineering Managers | 11-9041 | 1300 |
| Natural Sciences Managers | 11-9121 | 0360 |
| Computer and Mathematical Occupations | ||
| All Computer and Mathematical Occupations | 15-1111 through 15-2099 | 1005 through 1240 |
| Architecture and Engineering Occupations | ||
| All Architecture and Engineering Occupations | 17-1010 through 17-3031 | 1300 through 1560 |
| Life and Physical Science Occupations | ||
| All Life and Physical Science Occupations | 19-1010 through 19-2099; 19-4011 through 19-4090 | 1600 through 1760; 1900 through 1965 |
| Healthcare Practitioners and Technical Occupations | ||
| Chiropractors | 29-1011 | 3000 |
| Dentists | 29-1020 | 3010 |
| Dietitians and nutritionists | 29-1031 | 3030 |
| Optometrists | 29-1041 | 3040 |
| Pharmacists | 29-1051 | 3050 |
| Physicians and surgeons | 29-1060 | 3060 |
| Physician assistants | 29-1071 | 3110 |
| Podiatrists | 29-1081 | 3120 |
| Audiologists | 29-1181 | 3140 |
| Occupational therapists | 29-1122 | 3150 |
| Physical therapists | 29-1123 | 3160 |
| Radiation therapists | 29-1124 | 3200 |
| Respiratory therapists | 29-1126 | 3220 |
| Veterinarians | 29-1131 | 3250 |
| Registered nurses | 29-1141 | 3255 |
| Nurse practitioners | 29-1171 | 3258 |
| Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians | 29-2010 | 3300 |
| Diagnostic related technologists and technicians | 29-2030 | 3320 |
| Health practitioner support technologists and technicians | 29-2050 | 3420 |
| Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses | 29-2061 | 3500 |
| Opticians, dispensing | 29-2081 | 3520 |
| Other healthcare practitioners and technical occupations | 29-9000 | 3540 |
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[searchwp_no_index]STEM earnings are high
SOURCE: Economic Modeling Specialists International, May 2017.
STEM unemployment is low
SOURCE: U.S. Census Department, 2017. Results are for the 3-year period from July 2014 through July 2017.
Unemployment rates for STEM vs. Non-STEM careers were compared using Current Population Survey (CPS) data for July 2014 through July 2017, which are the most recent 3 years of CPS data available. When rates were calculated, individuals were weighted using the variable “pwcmpwgt” described below.
The individual monthly CPS-B (Basic) data files were retrieved from the Census CPS data download page at https://thedataweb.rm.census.gov/ftp/cps_ftp.html. Programs to read these data into various software packages are made available from the National Bureau of Economic Research at http://www.nber.org/data/cps_progs.html. Programs to import the 2017 files had not been published at the time of our analysis, so SAS code was created to import these files using the data dictionary published along with the data on the Census website.
The standard, full monthly CPSB labor force universe files were used without modification or additional subsetting, as is consistent with official reporting methods for the CPS employment statistics. More information about the survey can be obtained from the Census website: https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/cps/about.html.
Employment was based on the monthly labor force flag (“pemlr”) where employment is defined as pemlr = 1 or 2, while unemployment is defined as pemlr = 3 or 4. State and federal rates were weighted using the Composited Final Weight (“pwcmpwgt”), and states were identified using the variable “gestfips”.
The occupational codes used came from the primary occupation code variable (“peio1ocd”).
The definition of STEM jobs comprises the following Census occupation codes (peio1ocd): 110, 300, 360, 1000 -1240, 1300 -1560, 1600 -1760, 1900 -1965, 3000 -3200, 3220, 3250, 3255, 3258, 3300, 3320, 3420, 3500, 3520, 3540. These codes correspond to the definition of STEM jobs described in the above section.
Yet supplies of talent are limited
What percentage of high school students graduate?
SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Digest of Education Statistics, Table 219.46: Public high school 4-year adjusted cohort graduation rate (ACGR), by selected student characteristics and state: 2010-11 through 2015-16, retrieved 4/30/2018 from https://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d17/tables/dt17_219.46.asp?current=yes.
Of the high school graduates who enter 4-year degree programs, what percentage graduate?
SOURCE: AK, AL, DC, DE, IN, RI, WY: IPEDS 2016 Provisional Data Files, percentage of first-time full-time bachelor’s degree-seeking students earning any formal award (certificate, associate, or bachelors degree) within six years—Title IV degree-granting institutions. All other states: D. Shapiro, A. Dundar, F. Huie, P.K. Wakhungu, X. Yuan, A. Nathan. & A. Bhimdiwali (2018, February), Completing College: A State-Level Review of College Completion Rates (Signature report no. 14a), Herndon, VA: National Student Clearinghouse Research Center.
Of the high school graduates who enter 2-year degree programs, what percentage graduate?
SOURCE: AK, AZ, DC, DE, IN, NV, OK, RI, VT: IPEDS 2016 Provisional Data Files, percentage of first-time full-time associate's degree-seeking students earning any formal award (certificate or associate's degree) within six years—Title IV degree-granting institutions. Transfers are not included in these numbers. All other states: D. Shapiro, A. Dundar, F. Huie, P.K. Wakhungu, X. Yuan, A. Nathan. & A. Bhimdiwali (2018, February), Completing College: A State-Level Review of College Completion Rates (Signature report no. 14a), Herndon, VA: National Student Clearinghouse Research Center. 6-year outcomes.
What percentage of certificates and degrees is in STEM fields?
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education. Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Fall 2001 through Fall 2015 Completions component; U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Immigration and Customs Enforcement, STEM Designated Degree Programs; U.S. Department of Education. Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, CIP Code Crosswalk Search between CIP 1990 and CIP 2000, retrieved September 4, 2013, from http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2002/cip2000/index.asp; U.S. Department of Education. Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, CIP Code Crosswalk Search between CIP 2000 and CIP 2010, retrieved September 4, 2013, from http://nces.ed.gov/ipeds/cipcode/crosswalk.aspx?y=55.
NOTE: Awards conferred include both degrees and certificates. STEM fields include computer and information sciences, engineering and engineering technologies, biological and biomedical sciences, mathematics and statistics, physical sciences, and science technologies. The also include most instructional programs in healthcare. To determine which courses of study to include, CTEq identified the Department of Education’s Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) codes that most closely align with the SOC codes included in CTEq’s definition of STEM occupations.
Progress in 4th- and 8th- grade math
Trends in 4th Grade Math Scores, 2003-2017
Trends in 8th Grade Math Scores, 2003-2017
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2003-2017 Mathematics Assessments.
Other states have made progress
Changes in 4th Grade Math Scores, 2003-2017
Changes in 8th Grade Math Scores, 2003-2017
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2003-2017 Mathematics Assessments.
Many high school students are not ready for college
Average ACT Scores in Math, 2017
Average ACT Scores in Science, 2017
SOURCE: American College Testing (ACT). Condition of College and Career Readiness, 2017, National and State Reports, retrieved 9/22/2017 from http://www.act.org/content/act/en/research/condition-of-college-and-career-readiness-2017.html.
Low-income and minority children lag behind
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2017 Mathematics Assessments, 2015 8th-grade science assessment, 2015 4th-grade science assessment.
People of color earning STEM degrees
SOURCES:
Data on degrees and certificates: U.S. Department of Education. Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Fall 2001 through Fall 2015 Completions component; U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Immigration and Customs Enforcement, STEM Designated Degree Programs. Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, CIP Code Crosswalk Search between CIP 1990 and CIP 2000, retrieved September 4, 2013, from http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2002/cip2000/index.asp; U.S. Department of Education. Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, CIP Code Crosswalk Search between CIP 2000 and CIP 2010, retrieved September 4, 2013, from http://nces.ed.gov/ipeds/cipcode/crosswalk.aspx?y=55.
Data on the college-age population: Economic Modeling Specialists International, 2016.
NOTE: For this analysis, the "college-aged population" includes ages 20-29. We estimate that most people earning certificates through advanced degrees fall into that age range.
Women lag behind in STEM degrees
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education. Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), fall 2001 through Fall 2015.
Time for science in elementary school
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2015 Fourth-Grade Science Assessment.
Make use of untapped minority talent
SOURCE: Derived from data provided by the College Board. Copyright © 2006-2014, The College Board. www.collegeboard.org.
Access to advanced classes
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Office of Civil Rights Civil Rights Data Collection, 2013-2014.
Help high school students succeed in advanced classes
SOURCE: Derived from data provided by the College Board. Copyright © 2006-2015, The College Board. www.collegeboard.org.
Give students more hands-on science experiences
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2015 Eighth-Grade Science Assessment.
Give more students early exposure to engineering
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2015 Eighth-Grade Science Assessment.
Give more students early access to computer science
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2017 Fourth- and Eighth-Grade Mathematics Assessments.
Boost teachers’ knowledge of math and science
8th Graders whose teachers have an undergraduate major in math, 2017
8th graders whose math teachers have 5+ years of experience teaching math, 2017
4th graders whose teachers have an undergraduate major in math, 2017
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2017 Mathematics Assessments.
NOTE: Majors in math and science education are not counted.
4th graders whose teachers have an undergraduate major in science , 2005
8th graders whose teachers have an undergraduate major in science, 2015
8th graders whose teachers took three or more advanced science courses, 2015
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2015 Fourth-Grade Science Assessment; 2015 Eighth-Grade Science Assessment.
NOTE: Majors in math and science education are not counted.
Retain and support excellent teachers
8th graders whose math teachers have 5+ years of elementary or secondary teaching experience, 2017
8th graders whose science teachers have 5+ years of elementary or secondary teaching experience, 2015
8th graders whose math teachers have 5+ years of experience teaching math, 2017
8th graders whose science teachers have 5+ years teaching science, 2015
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2017 Mathematics Assessments; 2015 Science Assessments.
Too many teachers lack the tools of their trade
8th Graders whose math teachers say they have all or most of the resources they need, 2017
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2017 Eighth-Grade Mathematics Assessment.
8th Graders whose science teachers say they have all or most of the resources they need, 2015
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2015 Eighth-Grade Science Assessment.
Most schools have science labs, but lab stations and supplies are less common
8th Graders whose schools have 8th Grade science labs, 2015
8th Graders whose schools report that lab stations in science labs are available "to a large extent," 2015
8th Graders whose schools report that supplies or equipment for science labs are available "to a large extent,” 2015
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2015 Eighth-Grade Science Assessment.
Parent support and engagement are critical for student success
Percentage of 8th grade math teachers reporting that a lack of parental support is a serious problem, 2011-2012
Percentage of 8th grade science teachers reporting that a lack of parental support is a serious problem, 2011-2012
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Schools and Staffing Survey, 2011-12.
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